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专业英语翻译技巧简论

(3)Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible. 科学家们深信一切物质是不灭的。
(4)Open the valve to let air in. 打开阀门,让空气进入。
3、英语形容词、名词译成汉语副词。
(1)A continuous increase in the temperature of a gas confined in a container will lead to a continuous increase in the internal pressure within the gas.
地球绕太阳旋转。 (2)Heat moves from a hotter to a colder body.
热量从温度较高的物体传到温度较低的物体上。 (3)Move Mike to other work.
调Mike去做别的工作。 (4)The work moves slowly.
工作进展很慢。
2、副词与动词的搭配
不断提高密封容器内气体的温度,会使气体的内压力不断增 大。
(2)It is our great pleasure to note that China will soon join the WTO.
我们很高兴地注意到,中国不久就要加入世界贸易组织。
三、词的增译
1、增加英语中省略的词。 (1)Traditionally, chemistry has evolved onto four provinces: organic, inorganic, physical and analytical chemistry.
——English For Specific Purposes
EST(科技英语) ——English for Science and Technology
EBE(商业经济英语) ——English for Business and Economics
ESS(社会科学英语) ——English for Social Science
为了探测月球的表面,人们一次又一次地发射火箭。
4、在形容词前加名词
( 1 ) According to Newton’s Third Law of Motion, action and reaction are equal and opposite.
根据牛顿运动第三定律,作用力和反作用力是大小相等方向 相反的。
一般说来,金属都是良导体,其中银最佳,铜次之。
( 2 ) As mutual understanding deepens, love is solidified. 相知愈深,相爱弥坚。
( 3 ) Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.
❖ EAP(学术英语) ——English for Academic Purposes
❖ EOP(职业英语) ——English for Occupational Purposes
❖ ESP的语法特点:
名词化 被动语态
名词化
The rocket has been developed. For this reason, man can enter space.
1、 顺译法
Like the kick(反冲) of a gun when it is fired, it follows the laws of nature described by Sir Newton when he discovered that “for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.”
被动语态
❖Gears must be properly lubricated.
❖The laws of motion will be discussed in the next article.
❖Heat and light are given off in some chemical reaction.
阅读使人充实,会谈使人敏捷,写作使人精确。
第二讲:长难句的处理
为了表述一个复杂概念,使之逻辑严密,结构紧 凑,科技文章中往往出现许多长句。
要译好英语中的长难句,首先必须理清原文的 结构,抓住全文的中心内容,弄清句子各层次之间 的逻辑关系,然后用流畅、简洁的汉语准确地译出 原文的意思,不必拘泥于原文的形式。
The development of the rocket makes it possible for man to enter space.
If we know the forces on the gear, we can determine its size.
Knowledge of the forces on the gear makes possibl副词“successfully”为例。
(1)Spot-welding has already been used successfully in welding fuel tanks.
点焊已经成功地用来焊接油箱。 (2)The task was finished successfully.
圆满地完成了任务。 (3)Our production plan has been successfully carried out.
第一代电子计算机使用电子管和其他元件,这使设备又大又笨。
(2)Ground radar sets can “see” enemy planes at great distance through darkness or clouds, and can direct antiaircraft fire at them.
二、词义转译
1、英语动词、形容词、副词译成汉语名词。 (1)Gases differ from solids in that the former has greater compressibility than the latter. 气体和固体的区别在于气体的可压缩性比固体大。 (2)The instrument is characterized by its compactness and portability. 这个仪器的特点是结构紧凑、携带方便。 (3)The cutting tools must be strong, tough, hard and wear resistant. 刀具必须有足够的强度、韧性、硬度,而且耐磨。
正象打枪时的后坐力一样,它符合牛顿爵士所发现的 并加以描述的自然规律:“对每个作用力来说,都有 一个大小相等、方向相反的反作用力。
2、 倒译法
This is why the hot water system in a furnace will operate without the use of a water pump, if the pipes are arranged so that the hottest water rises while the coldest water runs down again to the furnace.
❖The three factors are interdependent, for each influences is influenced by the actions and reactions of the others. 这三个因素相互依赖,因为它们之间的作用和 反作用都是相互影响的。
第一讲:单词
我们的生产计划已顺利执行了。
3、形容词与名词的搭配 以形容词“thick”为例。
(1)The book is 8 inches thick. 这本书有8英寸厚。 (2)He drew a thick line on the paper. 他在纸上画了一条粗线。 (3)Thick liquids pour much slowly than thin liquids. 粘稠的液体比稀薄的液体流动慢得多。 (4)The conditions are too thick. 条件太过分了(太多了)。
单词是构成句子的基本要素之一,因此单 词的翻译直接关系到句子的翻译。 限于课时,我们只介绍: 一.词的搭配 二.词义转译 三.词的增译
一、词的搭配
1、动词与名词的搭配 以动词“Move”为例,其基本意思是“运动”,但在不同
的句子里与不同的名词搭配,译法则也不同。 (1)The earth moves round the sun.
机械工程及自动化专业英语 ——机械电子方向
南通大学 机械工程学院
专业英语课内容安排:
专业英语翻译技巧简论。
十四篇课文讲解,分别为 Unit 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19
考查:补充英文资料翻译。
第一部分 专业英语翻译技巧简论
❖ ESP(专门用途英语即专业英语)
( 2 ) The washing machine of this type is indeed cheap and fine. 这种类型的洗衣机真是价廉物美。
5、增加表示数量意义的概括性的词,以起修饰润色的作用
( 1 ) A designer must have a good foundation in statics, kinematics, dynamics and strength of materials.
如果把管子装成能让最热的水上升,而最冷的水流 下来回到锅炉去,那么锅炉中的热水系统不用水泵就能 运转,其道理就在于此。
按传统说话,化学已逐渐发展成了四大分支:有机化 学、无机化学、物理化学和分析化学。
(2)Electricity became useful only after the nineteenth century.
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