一、专四听力中常用的专有名词：1、Academy Awards 奥斯卡金像奖（学院奖）2. Apollo Program3. Mr. Bean4. Beat Generation 垮掉的一代5. Holly Bible6.Black Monday ---Great Depression ---20c/30s7. Broadway (NY)百老汇----Buy NOW ---百脑汇8. Central Park9 Charlie Chaplin 卓别林Elizabeth Taylor10. Chinatown11. Civil rights movement12. Bill Clinton—George Bush ---- Obama13. Coca- cola14. Cookbooks15. Cosmopolitan16. Cowboy/ girl17. Credit Card18. DisneylandFirst ladyghost townthe God fatherGrammy AwardsGreat Salt LakeGulf WarHalloweenHariemHarvard UniversityOxford UniversityCambridge UniversityHoliday InnHollywoodHome computerhome videohot dogIndependence DayMichael JordanMichael JacksonHelen KellerKennedy AssassinationKentucky FriedBill JeanMartin Luther KingKodakPeanuts 小人物Sino- US Strategy fellowship Pearl HarborPeter Pan 彼得潘playboyquiz shows 问答比赛节目Redwood Nation Park Reader’s DigestSanta ClausSound of MusicSupermanThrillerTime SquareTV Guide20th Century –FoxUncle SamUSA TodayValentine’s DayVietnam WarVogue<时尚>Wall Street JournalWarner BrothersWashington D.Cthe War of the WorldWatergateWestern FilmWest PointWheel of Fortune幸运之轮二、专四选材原则:(a )对话和短文中的部分内容与日常生活和学习活动相关.(b)VOA和BBC新闻材料为学生所熟悉的一般新闻报道短评或讲话等.(c) 听写材料中所出现的词语原则上不超出<<>大纲>规定的范围.专四对话的常考题型：1．主旨要义题：问对话讨论的是什么。

a. 尽量在脑海中描述出正进行的对话：对谁在进行对话，在哪里进行对话做一定的假设；b. 尤其注意听一些关键词，被重复的词等等；c. 对所听到的内容进行归纳，什么是中心思想；d. 特别注意提问句，因为对话通常是一问一答，答的内容通常是围绕问题展开的。

常见的就对话主题而提的问题有：What is the main topic of the conversation?What are the speakers mainly discussing?What is the subject of this conversation?What is the main idea of the conversation?Which of the following best summarizes the conversation?2．身份职业题：问说话者的身份、职业以及两者的关系等。

常见的就身份、职业及人物关系而提的问题有：What is the person's probable vocation/job?Who are the speakers?What is the relationship between the two speakers? Who is t he woman/man speaking to?常见的身份、职业及其相关的词语和句子：Customer and shop-assistant (salesgirl)for sale on sale discount 30 percent offselling season size style fashionin stock out of stock price changerefund warranty deliver 交付sales slip 销货单,销售发票What can I do for you? I'm looking for...I'd like to have ... How much ...?Professor/teacher and studentcourse assignment credit tuitionfreshman sophomore junior seniorundergraduate postgraduate register graduate graduation ceremony term paper mid-exam final summer course grade semester/term quizvacation scholarshipCustomer and waiter/waitressmenu order dessert main coursedelicious taste reservation billCan I help you, sir/madam? Are you ready to order?3．地点方位问题：问对话发生的地点与场景。

School: assignment, lecture, paper, exam, campus, dorm, grades Bank: account, cash, check, deposit, savingsHospital/Clinic: prescription, symptom, temperature, cold, fever , stomachache, pain, trouble Restaurant: menu, soup, drink, b everage, dish, beef, chicken, order, billAirport/Station: train, coach, car, timetable, take off, passe ngerPost Office: parcel, package, stamp, letter, airmail, regular mail, postage, rate关于地点的提问形式通常为：Where does/did the conversation probably take place?Where are the man and woman speaking?Where are the speakers now?Where will the man/the woman go?Where is the man/the woman?4．时间数字计算题：对对话中出现的一些时间和数字进行提问，通常要经过一些简单的运算。

专四所涉及的数字有：年代、时间、年龄、距离、速度、价格、数量等，要求回答对话或某事在什么时间发生；或某人在什么时间做某事；或价格、数量等。

在做数字计算题时，考生除了应该听清具体的数字，还应该注意表示倍数、百分率等的量词，例如：double, half, dozen, couple, thirty percent, three times , decade, century等等。

同时，还要注意与数字有关的词，例如：more, less, before, ago, later等等。

此外还要注意文中较长的数字。

此类问题的提问形式通常为：When/ At what time did the conversation/dialogue take place? When is the man/ the woman going to...?How much/How many...?How long...?How often...?另外，当对时间进行提问时，也可能不用数字而用表示时间的短语来表示，考生应注意以下几点：a. 根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间，如：before, after, when, while, then, until, later, right away, immediately, as soon as possible等。

b. 掌握年、月、日、星期等时间的表达方法。

注意一些表示时间的词，如quarter, a couple of days, twilight, eve, fortnight(two w eeks), dawn(daybreak), dusk(time just before it gets quite ba ck)等。

同时注意英、美不同的时间表达方式，如：2：15读作 a quarter past two(英)或two fifteen（美）；2：30读作half past two(英) two thirty（美）等。

c. 有时候，文中通过从句或短语表示时间，而不出现具体表示时间的数字或表示时间概念的单词，这种情况也要引起注意。

例如："Aren't you glad the semester's over?"可以判断出时间为"at the end of the semester"。

d. 从选择项看到时间和数字题型后，要集中精力获取时间和数字的信息。

把听到的表示时间的数字顺序记下来，并理解各项数字之间的关系。

这样做是因为文中有时不仅仅出现一个表示时间的数字。

如果单靠听而不做任何记录，最后很容易混淆数字间的关系，无法正确回答问题。

e. 听的时候注意近音的干扰要能准确区分：-teen /′ti:n/和/ti/。

它们的区别不仅在于一个是长元音/i:/，另一个是短元音/i/；而且/′ti:n/是重读音节，而/ti/不重读。

f. 时间推算也是对话题目中的考点，同学们要学会英语中表示时间提前或推后的方法，如：提前或提早5分钟five minutes ahead of time; five minutes ahead of schedu le; five minutes early; early by five minutes.推迟或吃到5分钟five minutes later; five minutes behind schedule; late by five minutes; be delayed/postponed for five minutes.三、专四听力常见词：1、国际事务：negotiations，delegate，delegation，summit 峰会charter n. 特许状，执照，宪章pledge n. 诺言，保证，誓言，抵押，信物，保人，祝愿vt. 许诺，保证，使发誓，抵押，典当，举杯祝……健康vt. 特许，发给特许执照promote peace 促进和平boost economic co-op 加强经济合作make concession/compromise 作出妥协pass a resolution 通过决议sanction n. 核准，制裁，处罚，约束力vt. 制定制裁规则，认可，核准，同意default n. 违约，不履行责任，缺席，默认值vt. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认vi. 疏怠职责，缺席，拖欠，默认veto a bill 否决break the deadlock 打破僵局a scientific breakthrough 科学突破an unexpected outcome 出乎意料的结果sign/ratify an accord/deal/treaty/pact/agreement 签署协议diplomatically isolated country 在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions 外交解决方案hot spot 热点take hostilities toward..... 对……采取敌对态度ethnic cleansing 种族排斥refugee，illegal aliens 非法移民mediator 调解员national convention 国民大会fight corruption 反腐败corrupted election 腐败的选举peace process 和平进程give a boost to... 促进booming economy 促进经济发展mutual benefits/interests 双赢retaliate 报复banking reform 金融改革commissioner 代表go bankrupt 破产file for bankruptcy 提出破产deputy 代表external forces 外部力量speculate，disarmament agreement 裁军协议mandate，to lift a boycott 取消禁令withdraw，embargo，impose sanctions against... 实施制裁dismantle 销毁the implementation of an accord 执行决议to ease the ban on ivory trade 缓解对象牙贸易的禁令to harbor sb. 保护animal conservation 动物保护threatened/endangered species 濒危物种illegal poaching 非法捕猎face extinction 濒临灭亡Gallup/opinion/exit poll，survey 民意调查stand trial 受审put...on trial 审判某人sue，file suit against... 状告radioactive 放射性radiation 辐射uranium enrichment program 铀浓缩计划nuke nonproliferation 核部扩散suspect，arrest，detain，in custody 被囚禁on human rights abuse charges 反人权罪名HIV positive HIV阳性malaria，diabetes，hypertension，lung cancer，breast cancerfight povertyhunger/disease/virus，stop the spread of...crack down on... 严打illegal drug trafficking 毒品贩运piracy，pirated products 盗版产品fake goods 假货notorious 臭名昭著bloody tyrant 血腥独裁者execute/execution 处决death penalty 死刑seminar，forum，peace conference，national convention，his counterpart 同等级别的人my predecessor/successor 我的前任2、战争军事：military option 军事解决途径（动用武力）escalating tension 逐步升级的局势military coupe 军事政变forced from office 被赶下台step down/aside 下台on the brink of war 处于战争边缘rebels，wounded，killed，injury，death，casualties 伤亡heavy fighting 激战genocide 种族灭绝relief effort 救济工作humanitarian aid 人道主义援助broker/mediate a ceasefire/truce 促成停火end the bloodshed 结束流血事件special envoy 特使peace-keeping forces 维和部队guerrilla war 游击战争border dispute 边境争端armed conflict 武装冲突reconciliation 调解civil war 内战cruise missile 巡航导弹come to a conclusion 达成一致coalition forces 联合军队on high alert 处于高级戒备状态rebellion 叛乱rebel forces 叛军sensitive，hostage，kidnapped French nationals 被绑架的法国人rescue，release invade，US-led invasion 美国领导的入侵right-wing extremists 右翼极端分子warring factions 交战各方topple the government 推翻政府suicide bombing 自杀性袭击事件dispute，crisis，conflict，holy war 圣战administration，regime，claim responsibility for... 声称负责suspend 停止resume 继续coalition party 联合政党post-war reconstruction 战后重建pre-war intelligence 战前情报radar，espionage 谍报spying activity 间谍行为electronic warfare 电子战争chemical/biological/nuclear warfare 化学/生物/核战争3、地震类：新闻发布会：press conference汶川地震：Wenchuan Earthquake大地震：the massive earthquake8.0级地震：the 8.0- magnitude earthquake地震灾区：quake-hit area/ quake-stricken area重灾区：the worst-hit area震中：epicenter余震：aftershock地震灾民：quake victim人民解放军：People's Liberation Army soldier武警：armed police消防官兵：fire-fighter医务工作者：medical worker救援者：rescuer救援队：rescue team伤者：the injured失踪者：the missing废墟：debris/ruin卫生：sanitation\hygiene温总理：Premier Wen联合国秘书长：UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon红十字会：the Red Cross医疗队：medical team资金和物资：funds and material可移动医院：mobile hospital死亡人数：death toll与时间赛跑：race against time生命线：lifeline民政部：the Ministry of Civil Affairs国务院信息办：the Information Office of the State Counsil中央台记者：CCTV correspondent沙特阿拉伯：Saudi Arabia中国大使馆：Chinese Embassy外交使节：envoy降半旗：Flags are to be kept at half-mast.默哀：mourn哀悼：condolence人道主义援助：humanitarian aid救济工作：relief work捐赠：donate咨询热线：consultation hotline疏散：evacuate堰塞湖：barrier lake/quake lake重建：rebuild震后重建：post-quake reconstruction尽快进行重建工作：carry out reconstruction as soon as possible复原：rehabilitation帐篷小学：camp primary school复课：resume classes建立DNA数据库：build DNA database火葬：cremate阻止疫情：prevent epidemic文化遗产：culture heritage大熊猫：giant panda四．奥运类：国际奥林匹克委员会International Olympic Committee中国奥委会Chinese Olympic Committeethe Olympic flame 奥运圣火奥运会选拔赛Olympic Trial奥运会会歌Olympic Anthem奥运火炬Olympic Torch奥运会代表团Olympic Delegation奥运村Olympic Village组委会organization committee开幕式opening ceremony闭幕式closing ceremony吉祥物mascot颁奖台podiuma crown of olive branches 橄榄枝编成的头冠a record-holder 记录保持者a team gold medal 一枚团体金牌an Olympic medal 奥运金牌Olympics opening ceremonies 奥运会开幕式event 比赛项目prance with the national flag 挥舞着国旗而雀跃spectator 观众a team bus 运动员专车the gold / silver/ bronze medalist 金/ 银/ 铜牌获得者Aquatics（水上运动）Archery（射箭）Individual events 个人赛Team events 团体赛Athletics（田径）Track 径赛Cycling（自行车）gymnastics击剑：Fencing四、专四常见新闻缩词：组织机构等专有名称UNESCO=United Nations Educational，Scientific And C ultural Organization（联合国教科文组织）IMF=International Monetary Fund（国际货币基金组织）ASEAN=Association Of Southeast Asian Nations（东南亚国家联盟；“东盟”）GATT=General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade（关贸总协定）WTO=World Trade Organization（世界贸易组织）OPE=Organization Of Petroleum Exporting Countries（石油输出国组织；“欧佩克”）PLO=Palestine Liberation Organization（巴勒斯坦解放组织；“巴解”）IOC=International Olympic Committee（国际奥林匹克委员会）NASA=National Aeronautics And Space Administration[（美国）国家宇航局]WHO=World Health Organization（世界卫生组织）NASA= National Aeronautics and Space Administration 美国国家航空航天局2、常见事物的名称，如上述例句中的aids （艾滋病）。