2018年南洋模范中学第二学期高三年级3月月考Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.An“invisibility cloak”has been developed that makes animals disappear. Created using glass prisms（核柱），the cloak could eventually be used to shield security guards from views.In one demonstration of the system,researchers from China,Singapore and the US made a goldish disappear 21_________ it swam inside a tank of water.In another,the bottom half of a cat vanished as it explored an invisible box.It's one of 22_________(striking)examples yet of a cloaking device,but the science behind it is surprisingly simple.The high-quality glass prisms used to make the cloak 23______(arrange)to form an enclosure.In the fish experiment,six prisms formed a hexagon,while the cat trick used eight prisms to 24_______(form)a square.“The prisms refract（折射）incoming light rays,25__________(bend)them around the enclosure so any object placed inside becomes invisible,"says-Prof. UIf Leonhardt,an expert on invisibility at Israel's Weizmann Institute of Science."It's fun experiment that shows 26________ we can go with simple technology”.Previous efforts to create cloaking devices "27________(focus)on meta materials(超材料）-artificial materials with physical properties not 28_______ (find)in nature.Some of these can guide electromagnetic radiation such as infrared radiation and microwave around an object,like water around a rock.However,the material's structure must be finer than the radiation's wavelength for this to work,meaning that a good-sized cloak for visible light-----29_________wavelengths are just a few hundred billionths of a meter-----is still beyond our capabilities.While the new cloak can control visible light, it is not perfect--the glue holding the cloak together is still visible,for instance, and it only works from a small number of 30________(view)angles.Nevertheless,the researchers say that their cloak could be used in surveillance and security - an airport officer might sit inside one,watching obvious passengers as they walk past.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The summer heat has reached its breaking point for a group of high school students in Wales,as the boys decided to protest their school's strict uniform policy 31__________wearing shorts(短裤)no matter what weather,by showing up to school in skirts.After 32________to the bathroom to change into all-black skirts,seventeen White church High School students emerged wearing skirts on campus,and they were 33__________in the campaign to resist the customary uniform trousers.The boys'34________ was less an act of politically urged civil disobedience than it was a way to beat the heat.While none of the boys were punished for their protesting efforts, the movement was short-lived. After proudly 35_______into the headmaster's office shouting, “We want to wear shorts! "they were quickly ordered to change back into trousers.“We had a 36________ with some boys and they have worn trousers,” said Principal Jones Williams.Protester Tyrone Evelyn,15,told Wales Online that the group would continue 37__________for a change. "It's just appropriate for the weather. Over the last few days I've had a few headaches and skin irritations. Girls can wear skirts, so I don't see why we can't wear shorts. It's a reasonable protest.”The boys agreed to write a letter to their Students’ Union,38________for a rule change by next summer. Heat 39_______ and heat stroke are the two most common illnesses that occur when temperature rises. According to Mayo Clinic, wearing loose-fitting and light-colored clothing helps protect a person from trapping sweat or 40__________ too much heat.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrasesmarked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you feel your toddler can understand directions and is able to sit still for a time-out, remember to tell him or her why you are giving them the time out. Don't just call a timeout without giving them the 41__________.42________,“When you do not eat your lunch, you cannot have a snack Mommy does not like it when you throw a temper tantrum(发脾气）and that is why you are getting a time-out. You need to sit here and 43_________."Toddlers also don't need to sit for 44_________of time. They only need to sit along enough to calm down and focus their attention on something else. Generally thirty seconds to a minute is plenty of time. Perhaps have them say their ABC's or count to ten.Keep in mind that you are 45_______ a toddler. Toddlers are 46______ in nature and will get into stuff that they are not supposed to and they will also 47_______their limits with mom and dad. With this in mind, use the time-out method when they are acting or behaving in a way that you have told them many times not to do. Don't use the time-out method for the toddler who is 48_______the world and might do something and not know it is wrong. The time-out method may 49_______ work the first or second or even third time you try it, but 50________it will work. Also make sure to 51_______your child for those times that you child does listen to you or does something that you like. This will also help you enforce the good behavior and show that you are 52________of him. Positive reinforcement can consist of things like a hug or a cookie.53__________,let your toddler know that you are not mad or angry at them, but you dislike their behavior. Getting mad at them might scare them and that is not going to get your point 54______.That will just make them afraid of you or not want to be around you. Even when you are putting your children in time-out, let them know that you 55______them.41.A.expectation B. explanation C. opportunity D. punishment42.A.in addition B. Above all C. For example D. On the contrary43.A.make up B.pay back C.stay up D.calm down44. A.long periods B.plenty C.a number D.a short period45.A.caring about B.turning to C.learning from D.dealing with46.A.smart B.curious C.anxious D.naughty47.A.break B.test C.prove D.enter48.A.inventing B.making C.exploring D.spoiling49.A.only B.not C.just D.well50.A.firstly B.hopefully rgely D.eventually51.A.praise B.remind C.warn D.blame52.A.proud B.tried C.aware D.confident53.A In all B.First of all C.Above all D.Altogether54.A.understand B.across C.hear D.be understood55.A love B.fear C.respect D.needSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）In the early 20th century,the valleys of South Wales boasted more than 600 coal mines，and employed some 200,000 men in a region that ranked as the world's largest coal exporter.But during the period of increasing industry losses,post-war governments first shut down the state-owned mines,and by the end of the 1990s,only a handful remained.To a generation of miners,a way of life seemed over for good.Now,for the first time since the Thatcher era（撒切尔首相时代），British companies are re-opening those old Welsh mines,hoping to supply nearby power plants and steel-works with coal while competing against foreign competitors on prices,Two mines are already back in operation.More may follow,with the promise of a few hundred jobs - welcome news in an area where government attempts to introduce new high-tech industries to replace the dirty old coal business have met with limited success.Unemployment in some of the worst hit mining areas remains continuously high at 10 percent or more,with few jobs for the young in many of the communities.The reopening of Welsh mines reflects the rising global demand for energy,as well as high oil and natural-gas pared with gas or oil,coal,once thought to be out of favor,is plentiful and relatively cheap to find and exploit,and now accounts for 25 percent of the world's energy consumption,up 2 percentage points since 2001.Result:prices are a expected to more than double this year,to more than $300 a ton for the costliest coal.Coal Y ports in Australia and South Africa are facing bottlenecks trying to meet the rising demand from the biggest consumers,China and India.The demand is also reviving(使复苏）the fortunes of other coal businesses worldwide,including larger export mines in the United States.But regulatory procedures(监督程序）and start-up costs are too high for a small businessman to start reopening old mines in Pennsylvania or West Virginia.Not so in Wales,where there is little local opposition and a ready supply of labor in a region that never quite managed to overcome the loss of the industry decades ago.Much of the available work is low-paying,in shopping centers or stores.since the mines there shut down,thousands of young people have left in search of workelsewhere.But Welsh miners can now earn far above the national minimum wage of $12 per hour.Brian Thomas,a skilled worker in coal industry,earns $1,2000 a week—— at least double what his salary would be in the supermarket. “If I didn’t have this job I would probably be ranging shelves in the supermarket,” he says.56.The phrase “for good” in the paragraph means .A.temporarilyB.permanentlyC.automaticallyD.definitely57.The main reason of reopening of coal mines in Wales is that .A.the introduction of high-tech industries into the region is unsuccessfulB.Unemployment in the region should be solved as soon as possibleC.The global demand for energy is shooting upD.The present government tries to recover the industry losses58.The word“bottlenecks”in paragraph means .A.traffic jamsB.narrow entrancesC.opponentsD.obstacles59.The direct result of the reopening of coal is that .A.the prices of oil and gas begin to go downB.Many laid-off workers have returned to their original positionsC.The wages in other industries have been raised accordinglyD.Coal mines in some states in the U.S. may be reopened as well（B）Shopping or the gym? If retail therapy(购物疗法) comes top every time, then you might be the ideal candidate for mall-walking it's a fitness trend from the U.S.that now seems to be catching on here. Losing pounds from your thighs(大腿), not your pocket, is the idea behind mallercise.It involves power-walking around shopping centres and marching upstairs and escalators while doing a spot of window-shopping at the same time. So popular have such sessions become in the u.s. and Canada that manufacturers now market specialmall-walker shoes" o give extra fraction(牵引) for smoother mall floors”.Fans say the advantages of mall-walking include the fact that shopping malls are traffic free, weather resistant and safe. It can also get you reasonably fit. A 30-minute speed walk can bum around 200 calories. One of the first mall-walking schemes in the U.K. was at the White Rose shopping centre in Leeds where groups have been meeting every weekday morning since 2003 At the University of Calgary in Canada, physiologists looked at the effects of aneight-week mall-walking programme on health and wellbeing. After two months, results showed that the subjects were walking further and weighed less than when they started.Perhaps more significantly, they displayed high self-motivation, with 63% of subjects mall-walking three or more days a week.In the Calgary study, the average age of those taking part was 66, which led the researchers to suggest that it is the perfect activity for"older people looking for a safe, flat place to improve their functional mobility, fitness and improve their sense of independence.”Another Canadian study revealed that shopping malls are the second most popular walking site for people aged 45 and older, with more women likely to choose them as an exercise destination than men. “For exercise to be successful in terms of weight loss and improvements in health, it needs to be done regularly, ”says Dr Beckie Lang of the Association for the Study of Obesity. “It actually doesn’t matter where you walk as long you do it, and for many people thismay be more accessible than a class at a gym.”60. Which of the following does NOT relate to"mallercise"?A .Saving money.B .Gym going.C .Losing weightD .window-shopping.61. According to the Calgary study, .A .more women choose mall-walking as a way of exerciseB. mall-walking does more good to people in their 60’sC. shopping malls are the most popular walking site for the elderlyD. mall-walking benefits old people both physically and mentally62. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The way people do mall-walkingB. The reason why people do mall-walkingC. The benefits of mall-walkingD. The problems with mall-walking.63. The passage is written to .A distinguish between"mallercise"and gym classB. explore the history and development of mall-walkingC. introduce a new trend of exercising -mall-walkingD suggest ways for old people to stay physically young(C)It begins with a sudden feeling of envy. Next comes the anxiety. The self-doubt and the upsetting sense of inadeguacy(不自信). Finally, those feelings fade away, leaving you full of irritation(恼怒).Whether it's triggered by laura's tweet from backstage at that popular band's concert or joe's photos from his tropical island vacation. most regular users of social media will find those feelings all too familiar. They are “symptoms” of FOMO, or “ fear of missing out.”Today we are so concerned with one another through social networking sites that we can't just be alone anymore. The fear of missing out-on something more run, moreexciting or better that's going on without you-is so strong that we can't “log out”.Connected to this fear of missing out are these fake personas(伪装人格) we promote on websites like Facebook. It is"fake"because we often present only the best side of our lives on social networking sites-many (most?) of us censor（检查)what we post to our social media profile these days. The people on Facebook are often simply their idealized selves, with a bit of misery thrown in from time to time to “keep it real”. After all, who wants to be"friends"with someone who’s always posting depressing status updates and who seems to be doing nothing interesting in their lives?How do we react to those feelings caused by FOMO? A New York Times reporter,Jenna Wortham wrote about her friends story. The friend said she felt fine about her life-until she saw other peoples Facebook updates showing their""lives. On those occasions, her knee-jerk(下意识的) reaction was often to post an account of a cool thing she has done, or to upload a particularly fun picture from her weekend. Doing that would make her feel better, but it could trigger FON1 Oin another unsuspecting(无戒心的) person.And that's, in fact, how it works. Caterina Fake, co-founder of photo-sharing service Flickr, said “Social software is both the creator and the cure of FOMO. it's cyclical(循环的).”64. The underlined word"t riggered"i n Paragraph 2 can be replaced by .A. concernedB. connectedC. causedD. put65. According to the passage, a typical FOMO person will probably post something on his Facebook on the following occasions EXCEPT when he .A. has won a big prize in a very important competitionB. is always complaining of his headacheC. is back from a perfect trip to a beautiful tropical islandD. has got his favorite singer's autograph(签名)66. Which of the following statements CANNOT be inferred from the article?A People tend to show their best selves on social networking sitesB. The sudden envious feeling ends in irritation.C. The FOMO phenomenon is a vicious circle(恶性循环).D. Someone who prefers to emphasize his sufferings is unpopular with othersSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there is one sentence more than you need.We all have friends that need a little advice, but one of the problems with those typesof conversations is that it's really easy to come off as a know-it-all when you're offering help. When you do that, nobody's going to listen.67 But it’s not an easy conversation to have someone,especially when you know all the extenuating circumstances of the situation.I talked with relationship and family therapist Roger S. Gil to get some advice for dealing with these situations.Obviously not everyone is looking for your advice. Before you go offering up your point of view, make sure they 're interested in hearing it. As Roger Gil points out, often friends aren't looking for you to solve a problem. They just want you to listen and maybe ask some questions. So, ask if they’d like to hear your input or insights on a problem, but also ask questions about why ey feel a certain way. If they say "no", let them finish their story and listen politely. 68Just wait for them to finish complaining before offering advice (or asking if they want it ). Sometimes the best way to figure something out is to do it on their own.Speaking of listening. it's also a good idea to figure out right away what your friends want from you. Gil describes this as differentiating between opinions, expert advice, and being a "sounding board" Essentially, don' pretend like you know something you don’t. 69 Now that you know whether or not your friends or family actually want your advice, it's time to learn how to advise without sounding like a know-it-all. This is a lot harder than you might think. As Gil points out, one way to offer advice without sounding pretentious (自以为是的) is to avoid- You should" statements. 70 By offering up your opinion clearly defined as your opinion, you remove the implication that “you know best”.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online ProfilesSocial networking sites such as Facebook, Myspace and Orkut are now estimated to have more them 00-mittomusers worldwide. As users can create any profile of themselves they choose, you might expect them to portray themselves in the best possible way. When putting up a profile, it would be reasonable for them to present positive images, choose sophisticated interests, and carefully express their thoughts so as to appear more intelligent than in real life. But according to recent research, this is not the case. Far from presenting themselves in a flattering way. most users' profiles reflect their true personalities, and reveal both psychological and natural physical weaknesses.Research was carried out on 250 Facebook users who filled in a. personality questionnaire Results were compared with the same peoples Facebook profiles. The survey set out to assess not only the participants actual personality, but their " ideal" personality in other words, what kind of person they would be if they actually possessed their ideal characteristics. These results were then compared with the participants Facebook profiles. What emerged was astonishing: far from being idealized versions of themselves, people's online profiles roughly resemble what they were really like. Their profiles accurately reflected how agreeable, outgoing, hardworking. and sociable they were in real lifeIs not entirely clear why online profiles display users personalities so accurately. It could be that users want to portray themselves as they really are, or it could be that people attempt to present an ideal image of themselves but in fact fail to do so. One thing seems clear: social networking sites can in no way be considered a false online world that is idealized and removed om reality rather, they are simply another way in which people choose to interact with each other._______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______(60)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.携带瓶装液体的旅客不准登机。