• Analysis: • Parallelism in main-clause construction: parallelism of clauses • 英语重形合而汉语重意合，汉译时不能全盘照搬原文的句子
结构，宜采用先总后分，讲究对称的原则。有时主从结构中 也会出现整齐对称的结构，如汉译长句时采用小句，层层推 进，就体现出一定的整齐美。 • Chinese Translation: • 与极限负荷有关的是保险系数和终极系数，保险系数是选定 用来保证即使极限负荷加在飞机上，飞机也不会受到损害； 终极系数则是用来预防结构强度可能发生的变化。
• Improved translation: (impersonal noun as the subject of the sentence)
• Seismic measurements of travel time and amplitude define the subsurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities.
观性和准确性,因此在翻译时译文所表达的意义一定要与原 文所表达的意义一致,做到准确无误.只有突出了科学上的" 真",才能作到"真中见美“ • e.g. • All bodies consist of molecules and these of atoms. • 译文一:所有的物体都由分子和原子所组成. • 译文二:所有的物体都是由分子组成,而分子又是由原子组 成.
科技英语翻译
Accuracy精确美
• EST: accurate, not ambiguous or polysemy →the authority of written discourse
• 科技文章用词要求准确，尽量避免含糊不清和一词多义， 从而烘托出书卷话语的权威气氛。
• e.g. • That the vitamin is sensitive to light was recognized only later. • 原译:维生素感光只是后来承认的。 • 改译:维生素的光敏效应( 或光敏作用) 只是后来才为人们
所认识。 • dog clutch(爪形离合器)、door to door delivery (送货上门)、
walkie-talkie(步话机)
faithfulness真实美
• Various meanings → choose the most suitable meaning • Context → change the meaning to cater to the context • 科技文本要体现的是自然界的内在规律,讲究所述事物的客
Parallelism整齐美
• 2) Associated with limit loads is the proof factor, selected to ensure that if a limit load is applied to a structure the result will not be detrimental to the functioning of the aircraft, and the ultimate factor, which is indented to provide for the possibility of variations in structural strength.
• e.g. • 1)制造方法可分为单件生产和批量生产，单件生产指小批量
的生产，批量生产指大量相同零件的生产。 • English Translation: • Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production
with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced.
• e.g. • It is a common property of any matter that is expanded when
it is heated and it contracts when cooled. • 译文一:任何物质,如果遇到热,它就会膨胀,如果遇到冷,它就
会收缩,这是共性. • 译文二:热胀冷缩是所有物质的共性.
Conห้องสมุดไป่ตู้iseness简约美
• E.g. 如果我们测得地震波的走时和振幅，我们就能确定地 下的几何形状并估算出与岩石速度和密度有关的声阻抗。
• Original translation:
• If we measure the seismic travel time and amplitude, we can define the surface geometry and give estimate of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities.
Conciseness简约美
• Nominalization in EST: 1) less subjects in sentences →objective; 2) less redundancy in sentences
• 名词化结构在科技英语中的广泛使用使句子变成名词短语， 其作用有：一、可以较少使用人称主语，从而体现科技概 念的客观性；二、可以避免结构臃肿。
Parallelism整齐美
• Reasonable sentences structure in EST: two unequal different concepts → 1) mail-clause construction ; 2) parallelism
• 科技英语的客观性、准确性和严密性要求采用合理的句子结 构。如果一句话里包含两个以上的不同概念，而它们又不是 同等重要时，需采用主从结构；反之，当一个句子有两个意 义对等、起相同语法功能的并列成分时，则采用并列结构。