贸易)
1-8
2. The Theory of International Trade
Basis for Trade(Why Trade Occurs?)
• The Mercantilists’ Views(重商主义) on Trade • Trade Based on Absolute Advantage(绝对优势): the
¨ Question: How is the United States able to pay for all those trade deficit?
• Compared to the U.S., other countries are even more tied to international trade.
• There are some types of international trade:
¨ Import trade, export trade, transit trade(过境贸易/转口贸易) ¨ Visible trade(有形贸易), invisible trade ¨ inter-industry trade(产业间贸易) , intra-industry trade(产业内
务贸易的发展、国际间资金的流动，以及跨国投资的发展，各个 国家之间的经济联系变得更加紧密。）
• International economics is about how nations interact through trade in goods and services, through flows of money and through investment.
1-3
I. What Is International Economics About?
• Nations are more closely linked through trade in goods and services, through flows of money, and through investment than ever before.（随着国际商品和服
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 1-6
Fig. 1-2: Exports and Imports as Percentage of National Income in 2005
International trade is even more important to most other countries than it is to the United States.
International Trade: Theory and Policy
喻美辞 经济管理学院经济贸易系 E-mail: maisieyu@
1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
Slides prepared by Thomas Bishop
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
• 国际经济学研究的是国际商品和服务贸易的发展、国际间资金的 流动，以及跨国投资的发展对各个国家的经济影响。
• 国际经济学的一般理论包括国际贸易理论和政策、国际金融理论 和国际投资理论等。
1-4
What Is International Economics About? (cont.)
• International trade as a fraction of the national economy has tripled(番了3倍) for the U.S. in the past 40 years.
1-5
Fig. 1-1: Exports and Imports as a Percentage of U.S. National Income
From 1960s to 1980, both exports and imports rose steadily as shares of U.S. income. Since 1980, imports have continued to rise, while exports have fluctuated sharply.
Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 1-7
II. What Is onal Trade About?
1. What is International Trade
• International trade is the international exchange(国际 交换) of goods and services between countries. This type of trade gives rise to a world economy, in which prices, or supply and demand, affect and are affected by global events.
Preview
• What is international economics about? • What is international trade about? • Why do we study international trade? • How do we study international trade? • International finance topics • International trade vs. international finance
• While both imports and exports have increased, imports have grown more, leading to a large excess of imports over exports which is called as trade deficit (贸易逆差).