8
Federalism
The power over commerce might … include the power to promote the economic welfare of the citizens throughout the country.
增加经济福利
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法律英语
给予国会权力也可以被看成是将这些事 项交给国会，并取消州管理地方事务的 某些权力。
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法律英语
10
It can been seen that
Absent some further restriction upon the power, it might indeed be the functional equivalent of a generalized “police power” because much of the activity which takes place within the country, and even within a single state, might be said to relate to economic issues and problems.
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法律英语
2
Commercial law State law
The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws 统一各州法律全国代表大会
The Uniform Commercial Code
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法律英语
3
Part one
Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution(commercial clause)
The Congress shall have power to “regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes”
Lesson Fourteen
Commercial Law
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法律英语
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Background
Commercial Law ：
All the law which applies to the rights, relations and conduct of persons and businesses engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade and sales. In recent years this body of law has been codified in the Uniform Commercial Code, which has been almost universally adopted by the states. (/)
联邦政府既没有被赋予一般公共权力，也没 有被赋予改善全国人民健康、安全或社会福 利方面的天生的行为权利。
The framer did grant Congress a power to regulate commerce.
宪法制定者们确实赋予了国会规制商务活动 的权力。
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法律英语
这一条款的简短性误导了一个事实，即:
这一条款的解释在历史上联邦主义概念 的形成和国家权力的运用方面起了重要 作用。
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法律英语
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The federal government
Was granted neither a general police power nor the inherent right to act on any subject matter in order to promote the health, safety or welfare of the people throughout the nation.
9
The grant of power also may be viewed as committing this subject matter to Congress and removing some of the powers of the states to deal with local matters ……
国会有权“规制与外国的商业活动， 州际商业活动，以及与印第安部落的 商业活动。”
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法律英语
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The brevity of this clause belies the fact
Its interpretation has played a significant role in shaping the concepts of federalism and the permissible uses of national power throughout our history.
对该条款的广义解释，不仅赋予了联邦 政府广泛的权力，而且限制了各州采用 涉及到由联邦政府控制的商务形式的法 律的能力。
人们可以发现，缺少对国会权力的进一
步限制，这种权力可能就相当于一般化
的“公共权力”，因为许多发生在美国
甚至于某个州内的行为都可能与经济问
题有关。
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法律英语Biblioteka 11A broad reading of the clause would not only grant a sweeping power to the federal government but it would also restrict the ability of individual states to adopt laws which burden the forms of commerce which were committed to the control of the federal government.