Patella
Patellar Groove
Knee Bones: Lat/med Views
Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Patella Lateral Medial
Knee Bones: Posterior View
Femur, Tibia, Fibula
膝韧带
MCL
Medial Collateral Lig.
Varus Towards the Midline
Knee Ligaments
MCL LCL
Cruciate Knee Ligaments
(cruciate=cross)十字韧带
• Anterior Cruciate Ligament前交叉韧带
Attaches anterior on the tibia & posterolateral on the femur附着于胫骨前部 股骨后部 Prevents anterior movement of the tibia on the femur防止胫骨 相对股骨的前移 Checks external rotation of the tibia in flexion曲屈时防止胫骨 外旋 ACL Superior
PCL
Knee: Cruciates
ACL PCL
Posterior
Anterior
Inferior
Knee: Cruciate Ligaments
Knee: ACL
ACL “Footprint前交叉胫骨附着 点”
Tibial attachment
Posterior
Femoral Attachment (Footprint)
Tibial Plateau
Knee Anatomy Training
Knee Anatomy
• Introduction 介绍
Very little bony stability 少的骨稳定
- Behaves more like a round ball on flat surface运动主 要是球在面上的滑动 - Ligaments responsible for stability主要韧带稳定
Knee Bones: Anterior View
Femur, Tibia, Patella
Patella
No Patella
Knee Bones: Function
Patella膑骨
–Patellofemoral groove (front of the femur). Patella tracking can affect the overall function of the knee.膑骨沟， 膑骨轨迹影响膝的功能
Knee Anatomy
• Basic Structures基本组织
Bones骨 - Femur股骨, Tibia胫骨, Fibula腓骨, Patella 膑骨 Muscles/ Tendons 肌肉及肌腱 - Quadriceps四头肌, Hamstrings, Calf muscles Ligaments 韧带 - Medial collateral内侧副韧带, Lateral collateral外侧副韧带, Anterior cruciate前交叉, Posterior cruciate后交叉, Popliteal ligament, Retinaculum Cartilage软骨 - Meniscus半月板, Articular cartilage 关节软骨 Bursae
Anterior
Tibial Plateau
Cruciate Knee Ligaments
(Cruciate=Cross)
•Hale Waihona Puke Posterior Cruciate后交叉韧 带、
Attaches Posterior on the tibia & Antero- medial on the femur. 附着于胫骨后股骨前内 The PCL is a strong fan shaped ligament that is the strongest in the body后叉强大的扇形韧带 Primary stabilizer against posterior movement of the tibia on the femur防止胫骨后移 Helps check the knee in extension防止过伸
Knee Bones
• Bones
Femur股骨 - Large/long bone of the thigh 大长 骨 Tibia 胫骨 - Large bone of the lower leg. Fibula 腓骨 - Small bone of the lower leg. Patella膑骨 - “Knee Cap”
LCL
Lateral Collateral Lig.
Knee Ligaments
Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligaments help stabilize the knee by preventing Varus and Valgus forces内外侧副韧带 防止内外翻 Valgus外翻 Valgus内翻 Towards Towards the Outside the Outside
Knee Anatomy
• Looks simple, but most complex. 看似简单，最复杂的关节
More likely to be injured than any other joint in the body 人体中更易受伤 的关节 Largest joint of the body, actually consisting of 4 joints人体大关结，有4 个关节组成 - Patellofemoral膑股关节, Lateral tibio femoral外侧胫股关节, Medial tibio femoral内侧胫股关节, Tibiofibular胫腓关节