词语英译与文化语境
词义空缺：
音译法 transliteration
馄饨 wonton
豆腐 toufu

直译法 Literal translation
保留汉语文化词语原汁原
味
《易经》：Book of Changes

意译法 liberal translation
翻译具有文化特色的词语
时候常采用的翻译策略。
盲流 jobless migrants
皮蛋 preserved egg

加注法 annotation
满月酒 one-month-old
Birthday Feast (a special
ceremony held after a
baby has been one month
old)

婚礼结束后还要闹洞房。
The wedding will be
followed by merry-making
in bridal chamber.
老师答应给这几个学生开
小灶。
The teacher has promised
to give these students
special tuition.
n. 学费；讲授
下象棋我只会马走日，象

飞田。
I only know the most basic
moves of Chinese chess.
毛主席问陈妻：“你们俩感
情好不好？”陈妻答：
“好”。主席听了感到非常
高兴。
The Chairman Mao talked
with Chen’s wife. He was
pleased to know that they
had a happy home life.
腊月二十三灶王爷上天，
后台封上戏箱，要等初一
开戏。
On the twenty third of the
twelfth lunar month the
Kitchen God went up to
heaven, and theater shut
down until the Chinese
Lunar New Year’s Day.
她从贫困的姑家，又转到
更贫困的姨家。
She has lived for a while
with some impoverished
paternal relatives, and
then had been bundled off
to some maternal relatives
who were, if anything,
even worse.
[pə'tə:nl]

翻译段落，注意灵活运用
音译、意译、加注等方法
处理段落中具有独特文化
蕴含意义的词语。
在中国人的心目中，桃总是与仙、寿、
神联系在一起，故有“仙桃”、“寿桃”、
“王母桃” 等雅号。时至今日，人们
还是将桃作为吉祥之物。在中国农
村，逢年过节在门上贴桃符。有的地
方大年初一要喝桃汤，因为桃是五行
之精，可以“压服邪气”、“制服百鬼”。