动名词做主语和宾语
The -ing form as the Subject and Object
I 自主学习
Lead-in 语法导入
动词的-ing 形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。

作为动名词，它有名词的基本性质，因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语，宾语补足语和定语。

本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。

1.动名词做主语（动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。

此时，谓语动词用单数形式）
动名词做主语有三种形式：
①动名词在句首直接做主语
②It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语
③%
④There be + no + 动名词
1）形式一动名词在句首直接做主语。

(sing) is his hobby.唱歌是他的爱好。

(play) computer games is a wate of time.玩电子游戏是浪费时间。

(drive) fast is dangerous.驾驶超速很危险。

【归纳总结】动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数
It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语。

It is no use _______(wait ) here．在这儿等是没用
it is worth/worthwhile_______(see) the movie.
用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语
"
①It was a waste of time reading that book.
②It is dangerous standing in the middle of the street.
Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her
3）There be + no + 动名词。

There was no knowing what he could do.
There is no (joke) about such matters..
动名词做宾语的六种情形：
作及物动词宾语
it 作形式宾语，代替动名词作
作动词词组的宾语
/
介词的宾语
⑤既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词，但意义不同
⑥常接动名词的动词或动词短语
作及物动词宾语。

Would you mind opening the window The girl practises playing violin every evening.作介词宾语。

Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.
He always thinks much before doing anything. it 作形式宾语，代替动名词。

I found it pleasant walking along the river after supper.
Do you consider it necessary trying again
We look forward to (study )in university.
）
接doing的动词:
want, wish, hope, ask, help, refuse, learn, demand, choose, decide, plan, manage, pretend, afford ......
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:
考虑建议盼原谅，consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon
承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off , fancy
避免错过继续练，avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise
否认完成停能赏，deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡，can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape
不准冒险凭想象。

forbid , risk , imagine
注：need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。

;
The radio needs / requires / wants ____________________________（repair）.
5）接doing 又可接to do 的动词:
A 意义基本一样，如like, love, hate, begin, start, prefer, attempt
B 意义明显不一样，如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, need
I forget to take the medicine. 我忘记吃那个药。

I forget taking the medicine. 我忘记把那个药吃了。

They stopped to talk. 他们停下来开始讲话。

They stopped talking.他们停止讲话。

既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:
双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。

|
不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。

begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue.
remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret,
want, need, require
6）常接动名词的动词或动词短语
A. 此类动词有：admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest......如：
We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.
It can avoid damaging the environment or people's health.
3.检测
Let's have a competion
$
(collect)stamps is his hobby.
was a waste of time _____(read)that book.
读那本书是浪费时间。

it worthwhile _______ (quarrel) with her
was no ______(know) what he could do.
他能做什么很难说。

you mind______ (open) the window
girl practices _______ (play) violin every evening. 那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。

then, he has devoted his life to ____（find) ways to grow more and more rice.
一直以来他都在致力于寻找生产更多水稻的发法。

—
8. I found it pleasant _________(walk) along the river after supper.
我发现饭后在河边散步是及其美妙的。

look forward to________(study ) in university.
我们盼望在大学里面学习。

4.归纳
v+ing
1.动名词做主语（动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。

此时，谓语动词用单数形式）
动名词做主语有三种形式：
①动名词在句首直接做主语
②It 在句首做形式主语，动名词短语在后面做真正的主语
`
③There be + no + 动名词
2.做宾语的六种情形：
①作及物动词宾语
②it 作形式宾语，代替动名词作真正的宾语
③作动词词组的宾语
④介词的宾语
⑤既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词，但意义不同
⑥常接动名词的动词或动词短语
5.课后练习
根据括号内的汉语提示, 完成下列句子。

1). _____________ ( read)in the library is a bad habit. 在图书馆大声阅读是一种不好的习惯
2). It’s no use __________ (talk). 像这样谈话是徒劳无用的。

3). In my mind, __________ ________ (attend ) will be the only way to become a world-class writer. 在我看来，进入那所著名的大学学习是成为世界顶尖作家的唯一方法。

4). He remembered ________ _______ (finish), so he got up early to do it the next morning. 他记起来没有完成作业，因此他第二天很早就起来做作业）5).I ________ (regret) not having worn a thicker coat yesterday.我很后悔昨天我没有穿一件厚
点的外套。