名的用法一 .名做主的用法名做主往往表示常性、性的作,在口中也可以表示具体的作。

如 :Seeing is believing.Helping her is my duty.Talking mends no holes.空无于事。

Working with you is a pleasure.和你一起工作是一种趣。

名做主和不定式做主一，也可以用it作形式主。

如:It's rather tiring walking around in a city.不定式做主往往表示具体的特是将来的作。

如:It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水收。

He realized that to go on like this was wrong. ( 指具体作)二 . 名作的用法1( 有些或短后常用名作。

如admit, appreciate, avoid ，can't stand(不能忍受), consider，delay, devote⋯to, dislike enjoy，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive,get down to, give up, imagine. insist on, keep (on), look forward to,mention, mind,miss( ), pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest 等等。

Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操你的健康有好。

Her shoes wants mending.她的鞋该修理了。

注意 : 当need, want, require, worth 后面接doing 也可以表示被动。

Your hair wants cutting.你的头发该理了。

The floor requires washing.地板需要冲洗。

I have finished writing this book.我已经写完这本书了。

2.在allow, advise, forbid, permit 后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow,advise,forbid,permit ，名词 , 代词，不定式( 宾语补足语 ) ”之形式。

如 :We don't allow smoking here(We don't allow anybody to smoke here(3.动词 need, require, want 意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。

如 :The window needs,requires,wants cleaning,to be cleaned( 4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start 后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。

5.动词 forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to,can't help 后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。

forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作; 后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

go on doing继续做原来做的事go on to do接着做另一件事mean doing 意味着要做某事mean to do想要做某事stop doing停止做某事stop to do停下来(别的事)开始做某事try doing 试着做某事try to do 努力做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事be used to do 被用来做某事can't help doing 禁不住做某事can't help to do 不能帮助做某事- 1 -三 (-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.Talking to him is talking to a wall.2.Smoking may cause cancer.3.Walking is my sole exercise.4.Talking mends no holes.5.I suggest bringing the meeting to an end.6. He admitted taking the money.他承认钱是他拿的。

7. I couldn’t help laughing.我禁不住笑了起来。

8. Your coat needs brushing.你的大衣需要刷一下。

-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法四、 -ing 形式作定语1.单个动词的 -ing 形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。

如 :building materials= materials for building 建筑材料drinking water= water for drinking 饮用水a walking stick= a stick for walking 手杖a reading room= a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk= a desk for writing 写字台tiring music= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐a surprising result= a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果2.-ing 形式短语作定语时 , 放在所修饰的名词之后 , 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。

如 :They lived in a room facing the street.= They lived in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。

The man standing there is Peter’s father.= The man who is sta nding there is Peter’s father.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。

Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。

3.-ing 形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。

如 :His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。

The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good cropof fruit.=The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a goodcrop of fruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。

- 2 -五、 -ing 形式作宾语补足语1.1) 动词 -ing 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。

如 :When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时 ,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。

We found the snake eating the eggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。

I found a bag lying on the ground.我发现地板上放着一个包。

The boss kept the workers working the whole night.那老板让工人整夜地工作。

2)当主句转换为被动结构时 , 原来作宾语补足语的动词 -ing 形式便转换为主语补足语。

如 :They found the result very satisfying.= The result is found very satisfying.这个结果很令人满意。

They heard him singing in the next room.= He was heard singing in the next room.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。

We mustn’t keep them waiting.= They mustn ’t be kept waiting.千万不能让他们等。

2.能用 -ing 形式作宾语补足语的几类动词 :1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find,notice, observe,look at, listen to等。

如:We saw a light burning in the window.I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.Can you smell anything burning?As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.Listen to the birds singing.I d idn ’t notice him waiting.2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。

如 :、 -ing 形式作表语六-ing 形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。

如 :Her hobby is painting.她的业余爱好是画画。

My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。

His concern for his mother is most touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。

She was very pleasing in her appearance.- 3 -。