动名词做主语、宾语精讲精练一、动名词做主语的用法动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。

如：Painting is his hobby．绘画是他的爱好。

Talking mends no holes．空谈无济于事。

动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。

如：It is no use talking without doing．光说不做没有用。

不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。

如：It's so hot．What I want to do now is to have a swim in a river．天这么热，现在我想做的事是在河里游泳。

【考例】—What do you think made Mary so upset？— __________ her new bicycle．（1997上海高考题）A．As she lost B．LostC．Losing D．Because of losing该题正确选项为C，losing her new bicycle是句子的主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，losing．．．在此表示具体的动作。

二、动名词作宾语的用法1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。

如admit，appreciate，avoid，can't stand（不能忍受），consider，delay，devote．．．to，dislike enjoy，escape，excuse，feel like，finish，forgive，get down to，give up，imagine，insist on，keep（on），look forward to，mention，mind，miss（错过），pay attention to，practice，put off，stick to，suggest等等。

【考例】I can't imagine __________ that with them．（MET 1986）A．do B．to doC．being done D．doing该题正确选项为D2．在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allo w／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式如：We don't allow smoking here．We don't allow anybody to smoke here．3．动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。

如：The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned．4．在begin，continue，love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。

5．动词forget，go on ，mean ，regret，remember，stop，try，be used to，can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。

forget，regret，remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

go on后跟动名词表示“继续做原来做的事”；后跟不定式表示“接着做另一件事”。

mean后跟动名词表示“意味着要做某事”；后跟不定式表示“想要做某事”。

stop后跟动名词表示“停止做某事”；后跟不定式表示“停下来（别的事）开始做某事”。

try后跟动名词表示“试着做某事”；后跟不定式表示“努力做某事”。

be used to后跟动名词表示“习惯于做某事”；后跟不定式表示“被用来做某事”。

can't help后跟动名词表示“禁不住做某事”；后跟不定式表示“不能帮助做某事”。

【考例】—Let's have a rest．—Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet．（MET 1985）A．study B．to studyC．for studying D．studying该题正确选项为D，stop studying意为“停止学习”。

【考例】—Let me tell you something about the journalists．—Don't you remember __________ me the story yesterday？（1999上海高考题）A．told B．tellingC．to tell D．to have told该题正确选项为B，remember telling me意为“记得曾经告诉过我”。

三、动名词的复合结构（先说动作再加人，即名词和代词所有格—）动名词的复合结构有四种形式：①形容词性物主代词＋动名词；②名词's＋动名词；③代词宾格＋动名词；④名词＋动名词。

动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。

作主语时，不能用③、④两种形式；无生命名词不能用第②种形式，无论是作主语还是作宾语。

动名词的复合结构，实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。

如：His／Jack's not getting to the station on time made all of us worried．他／杰克没准时到火车站使得我们大家都很担心。

Do you mind my／me／Jack's ／Jack leaving now ？我／杰克现在离开你介意吗？四、动名词的时态在时态上，动名词有一般式（doing）和完成式（having done）两种形式。

当动名词表示的动作①发生的时间不明确，或②与谓语动作同时发生，或③发生在谓语动作之后时，用动名词的一般式；当动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前时，常用动名词的完成式。

如：I enjoy playing football．（playing表示的时间概念不明确）He's been used to going to bed late．（going to bed与has been used to同时发生）I'm looking forward to seeing you soon．（seeing发生在am looking forward to之后）I'm sorry for not having kept my promise．（not having kept my promise发生在am sorry之前）需要特别注意的是，有时候通过上下文可以明显地看出动名词动作和谓语动作的先后时间关系，或者在一些动词（如remember，forget，regret）和动词短语（如excuse sb．for，thank sb．for）中，尽管动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，我们也常用其一般式来代替完成式，或者两种形式通用。

如：Thank you very much for having helped me a lot．＝Thank you very much for helping me a lot．五、动名词的语态在语态上，动名词有主动式（doing，having done）和被动式（being done，having been done）。

主动式表示主动意义，被动式表示被动意义。

如：He insisted on sending her to hospital．他坚持要把她送到医院去。

He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside．他坚持要被派到乡下工作。

【考例】Do you mind __________ alone at home？（1994上海高考题）A．Jane leavingB．Jane having leftC．Jane's being leftD．Jane to be left该题正确选项为C，句意为：把Jane独自留在家你介意吗？动名词专项练习题Ⅰ、单项选择：1. No one enjoys _______ at.A. laughingB. to laughC. being laughedD. to be laughed2. You must do something to prevent your house _______.A. to be broken inB. from being broken inC. to break inD. from breaking in3. They insisted on _______ another chance to try.A. givenB. givingC. being givenD. to be given4. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here.--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time.A. to put；to takeB. putting；takingC. putting；to takeD. to put；taking5. His room needs _______, so he must have it _______.A. painting；paintedB. painted；paintingC. painting；paintingD. painted；painted6. After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents.A. writeB. writingC. wroteD. to write7. The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care.A. looking afterB. to look afterC. to be looked afterD. taken good care of8. Only _______ English doesn't mean _______ the language.A. to learn；to learnB. learning；learningC. learning about；learnD. learning about；learning9. She returned home only to find the door open and something _______.A. missedB. to be missingC. missingD. to be missed10. She decided to devote herself _______ the problem of old age.A. to studyB. studyingC. to studyingD. study11. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.A. putting backB. put backC. to put backD. be put back12. As she is looking forward to _______ from me, please remember _______ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；postB. hearing；to postC. be heard；postingD. be hearing；to posting13. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______ your handwriting.A. to readB. to seeC. reading C. in seeing14. Writing stories and articles _______ what I enjoy most.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15. We appreciate _______ us to the ball.A. them to inviteB. to inviteC. their invitingD. being invited16. Would you mind _______ quiet for a moment? I'm trying _______ a form.A. keeping；filling outB. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill outD. to keep；filling out17. He was afraid _______ for being late.A. of seeingB. of being seenC. to be seenD. to have seen18. I’d like to suggest _______ the meeting till next week.A. to put offB. putting offC. put offD. to be put off19. I don't see how I could possibly manage _______ the work without _______.A. finish；helpingB. to finish；being helpedC. finishing；helpingD. finishing；being helped20. Anything worth _______ is worthy of _______ well.A. doing；being doneB. doing；doingC. to be done；to be doneD. to be done；being done21. We advised them to take a re 159 st, but they insisted _______ the work.A. finishB. to finishC. in finishingD. on finishing22. I delayed _______ your letter because I had been away for a week.A. answerB. answeringC. writingD. to post23. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _______ by the police.A. to be caughtB. be caughtC. being caughtD. catching24. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I _______ it at home. Then I remembered _______ it out to pay for the taxi.A. must have left；to takeB. may leave；takingC. might leave；to takeD. could have left；taking25. _______ the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.A. After hearingB. On hearingC. While hearingD. Having heard26. _______ his mother, the baby could not help _______.A. To see；to laughB. Seeing；to laughC. Seeing；laughingD. To see；laughing27. It’s no use _______ so much money on clothes.A. spendB. spentC. spendingD. being spent28. The sentence needs _______.A. improveB. a improvementC. improvingD. improved29.If he succeeded _______ a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.A. to findB. to look forC. in findingD. in looking for30. I still remember _______ to my home town when I was young.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. to takeⅡ、填入动名词的适当形式：1. Can you imagine yourself _______ in a lonely island? (stay)2. I can't understand your _______ at that poor child. (laugh)3. She didn't mind _______ overtime. (work)4. To make a living, he tried _______, _______, and various other things, but he had failed in all. (write; paint)5. We are looking forward to Mary's _______. (come)6. She was praised for _______ the life of the child. (save)7. She ought to be praised instead of _______. (criticize).8. Is there any possibility of our _______ the championship? (win)9. He came to the party without _______. (invite)Ⅲ、将下列句子译成英语：1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳.2.今天去没有用, 他不会在家.3.你写完作文了吗?4.请原谅我来晚了.5.他不声不响地走了进来.6.他走进来了, 没有被看见.动名词专项练习题参考答案Ⅰ、1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.D7.A8.D9.C10.C11.C12.B13.C14.A15.C16.C17.B18.B19.B20.A21.D22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.C28.C29.C30.C Ⅱ、1.staying ughing 3.working4.writing; paintinging6.having saved7.being criticized8.winning 9.being invitedⅢ、1.My favourite sport is swimming.2.It's no use going there today. He won't be in；(can't be in).3.Have you finished writing your composition?4.Excuse me for being；(coming)；late.5.He entered the room without making any noise.6.He entered the room without being seen.。