Page 5
Competence and Performance
relations comprehension(listening and
reading)≠competence production(speaking and writing)
≠performance
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Competence and Performance
Group 1 first language First language Mother tougue Native language
Group 2 second language
Second language
Foreign language
Non-native language
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First Language,Second Language, and Foreign
Second Language refers to the learning of an additional language after learners have acquired their mother tongue.
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First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language
first language vs second language
1.second language is acquired later than a first language 2.second language has lower proficiency level than that of first language
（second language acquisition) comprehension(indirectly)
competence
superior to prior to
(internal )
production(directly)
performance
(external)
comprehension production
Unit 3
Defining Concepts of Second Language Acquisiton
Contents
❶ Competence and Performance ❷ First Language, Second Language, and Foreign Language ❸ Acquisition and Learning ❹ Input and Output ❺ Interlanguage ❻ Variability
段
not directly influential
systematic stages of development
not involved
Depth of knowledge(the whole is greater than the parts;to able to construct correct utterances)
能力是指一个语言习得者在他的语言知识上显示出他能够 理解并能够产出之前从没见过或听说过的句子。
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Competence and Performance
Performance refers to the specific utterances, including gramatical mistakes and non-linguistic features such as hesitations, accompanying the use
Language
categories
second language
first language
Speed
learning is slow
acquisition is rapid
similarities Stages and
differences
Error correction
systematic stages of development系统发展阶
Page 7
First Language,Second Language, and Fouage refers to the mother tongue one learns during childhood
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First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language
❼ Fossilization ❽ Language Transfer
Page 2
Competence and Performance
It is a distinction introduced by Chomsky into linguistic theory but of wider application.
Foreign Language is an additional language taught and learned in a non-target language environment.
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First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language
of language.
It is the actual production or use of language such as speaking ,writing,or the comprehension(listening,reading)of linguistic events
这实际上是说写或者语言界中的理解（听看）等方面的产 出与运用
Page 3
Competence and Performance
Competence refers to a speaker's knowledge of his language as manifest in his ability to produce and to understand a theoretically infinite number of sentences most of which he may have never seen or heard before.