一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。

If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。

If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。

If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1). 混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。

If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。

If it should happen, what would you do? →Should it happen, what would you do?If he had recognized me, he would have come over. →Had he recognized me, he would have come over.(3) 含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。

常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but 等。

Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded. But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry.He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party. (4) 在if it were( had been )not for ….句型中的虚拟语气虚拟语气也常用于‘if it were/(had been) not for ….’句型中，意为‘要不是由于…’。

If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today.If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt.二．虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1.主语从句中的虚拟语气这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。

•常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, regretful.•常见的这类过去分词有：decided, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested.•常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame.It was suggested that he（should）join the club activities.It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invited.It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer.2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气①wish 后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿…就好了），其形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时/should，could have done表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接would，could+动词原形Iwish it were spring all year round.I wish it would be fine tomorrow.She wished she had stayed at home.②在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。

此类动词有：suggest,advise, propose, demand, require, insist（要求）, order, prefer, command, ask, request.The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time.P.S. 当suggest表示‘暗示，说明’之意；insist表示‘坚持认为，坚持说’之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。

The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life.3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。

常见名词有：advice, desire, request, demand, proposal, suggestion, preference, requirement, order.He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained.His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.三．虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用1.在as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。

其形式如下：主语+as if/ though +主语+一般过去时（从句的动作与主句同时发生）主语+as if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形（从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生）主语+as if/ though +主语+过去完成时（从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前）He talks as if he knew all about it.She speaks English well as if he had studied in America.He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.2.在it is (high) time that …句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should +动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。

It is time that we went home.P.S.此句型中，注意与‘It/This is the +序数词+time that+现在完成式的区别。

This is the first time that I have been here.3.would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气（宁愿，但愿）。

Would rather +主语+一般过去时（表示与现在或将来相反）Would rather +主语+过去完成时（表示与过去相反）I’d rather he didn’t go now.I’d rather you hadn’t done it.4. if only后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。

5. 动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为‘本想，本打算，本认为’He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.高考虚拟语气专项练习60题1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tiredA. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven ; wouldn’t have got4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prisonA. refersB. referringC. referredD. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with himA. on him to go; should beB. he went; beC. he go; wasD. he should to; is8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today---I would rather she ____ me tomorrow than todayA. tellsB. toldC. would tellD. had told9. ---Would you have called her up ?---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homeworkA. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meetA. would have taken part inB. took part inC. had taken part inD. would take part in11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been forB. If it were notC. If it had not been forD. Were it not for12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from goingA. had been, would have preventedB. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented13. ____hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to workB. Had he workedC. Should he workD. Were he to work14. ____today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had leftC. Did he to leaveD. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right nowA. areB. wereC. would beD. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brotherA. has comeB. did comeC. comeD. had come17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.A. was, had helpedB. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helpedD. were, would have helped18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climbB. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbedD. hadn’t been, could climb19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult todayA. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be20. ---I am going to tell her the news---I would as soon as you _____her about itA. didn’t tellB. don’t tellC. hadn’t tellD. won’t tell21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____homeA. stayedB. could stayC. has stayedD. stay22. It was requested that the play ____againA. should put onB. would put onC. be put onD. put on23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediatelyA. had sent forB. sendC. be sent forD. was sent24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness----Yes, but ____itA. I’d rather not doB. I’d rather not have doneC. I should’ t doD. I’d better not do25. If only I ___my carA. hadn’t lostB. wouldn’t loseC. didn’t loseD. haven’t lost26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earthA. isB. would beC. wereD. wouldn’t be27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time beingA. doB. didn’t doC. don’tD. didn’t28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own sonA. isB. wereC. had beenD. should be29. How the old people wish that they ____young once moreA. wereB. could becomeC. had beenD. should be30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problemA. holdB. heldC. have heldD. had held31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dyingA. even if , wasB. though, would beC. even, had beenD. as if, were32. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had notB. did not have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have33. The chairman insisted that we ____the question againA. will discussB. to discussC. should discussD. will be discussed34. He requested that the students ____them get in cropsA. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rulesA. obeysB. ObeyC. will obeyD. would obey36. I wish I ____here thenA. wasB. had beenC. wereD. would be37. It is strange that he ____back so earlyA. cameB. will comeC. had comeD. should have come38. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TVA. didB. doC. shall doD. have done39. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest SundayA. be putB. putC. should putD. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ thereA. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before elevenA. must finishB. would be finishedC. be finishedD. must be finished42. ---S orry, Joe. I did not mean to……----Don’t call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!A. doB. didn’tC. didD. don’t43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I ____ but I ____ all this morningA. would, have washedB. could, have been washingC. would have, have been washingD. could have, had washing44. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had triedB. hadn’t triedC. have triedD. didn’t try45. ----How could I thank you enough?----Don’t mention it. Any other man ____itA. must doB. could doC. would have doneD. should have done46. Key European governments insist Iraq’s co-operation ____ good and military action______ to allow inspections to continueA. be, be delayedB. is, delayC. should be, be delayedD. is , be delayed47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, ____more deathsA. it would have beenB. it would beC. there would beD. there would have been48. What the customers_____ from the company is that the goods ____ right to their homes.A. requested, deliverB. demand, be deliveredC. request, should deliverD. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers _____ the society will be in disorderA. made unpunishedB. came unpunishedC. went unpunishedD. not punished50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we ____lateA. would beB. wereC. will beD. would have been51. Supposing he never ____, what would happen thenA. comeB. cameC. would comeD. will come52. What do you think his proposal that we ____ a play at the English meetingA. had put onB. should put onC. have put onD. will put on53. I hope that you ____ rightA. will beB. should beC. wereD. would be54. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be happy if I ___of service to youA. amB. have beenC. should beD. would be55. He insisted that we ____early the next morningA. startB. startedC. would startD. had started56. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brotherA. has comeB. did comeC. had comeD. came57. We ____last night, but we went to the cinema insteadA. must have studiedB. might studyC. would studyD. would have studied58. If it _____the snow, we _____the Simian Mountain last weekA. were not, could have climbedB. were not, could climbC. had not been , could have climbedD. had not been, could climb59. If only I _____ my watch!A. hadn’t lostB. haven’t lostC. didn’t lostD. don’t lose60. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.A. may not makeB. might not makeC. shouldn’t have madeD. might not have madeCBDBC CCBAA DABAC DBCDADCCBA BBBAB DCCAB BDBAACDCBC DDBDD BBAAA CDCAD。