高考英语虚拟语气(23张)
高三语法复习
虚拟语气
Subjunctive Mood
一、虚拟语气定义
1.英语动词有三种语气, 陈述语气, 祈使语气和虚拟语气。
2. 定义:用来表示说的话不是事实, 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 三、主语从句中的虚拟语气 四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 五、几种特殊的虚拟语气
A.could take B.would take C.will have taken D.would have taken
2) --- Would you have called her up ___A__ possible? --- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework.
A. had it been … was
B. if it was … were
C. if it had been … had been D. if it were … would be
should/would/could/
might have done If 主语+did(be用were) 主语+
+should+动词原形 should/would/could/ +were to+动词原形 might do
考题点击:
1. I am not ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱree today. If I _B__free today , I __ and
C. would , ask
D. did, ask
典型例题
注意1、陈述语气与虚拟语气
1) The volleyball match will be put off if it ___B__. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
该句为陈述语气,因为主句用的是 will be put off。真实 条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时代将来时。
一、非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实
现的, 句中的条件从句与结果主句皆用虚拟语气。
if条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
与现在 事实相 反
与过去 事实相 反
与将来 事实相 反
If 主语+did(be用were) 主语+ should/would/could/
might do If 主语+had +动词过去分词 主语+
But for your help, I would not have succeeded.
Without you help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much.
I went by plane; otherwise I _D___ much longer time.
注意3.错综条件句
(主从句描述的时间不一致)
If you _h_a__d_n_’_t_b_o_u__g_h(tnot buy) the ticket last week, how w__o_u_l_d__ you go now? If Iw__e_r_e (be) you, I w__o_u_l_d__h_a_v_e__t_a_k_e_n_(take) his
B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent
D. were, would have prevented
3.If I were to see Tom, what _C__ you ___ me to tell
him?
A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask
advice then.
If you _____ him yesterday, you _D____ what to do now.
A. asked … would know B. had asked … would have known C. asked him … know D. had asked … would know
问句中用的是虚拟语气,主句用 would have called, 从句 中与过去相反的动词形式为 had done;答句中表示的是 真实的情况,所以该用陈述语气。
注意2.虚拟倒装句
1.Were it (=If it were) not for their help,we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 2.Had I (=If I had) known about it,I would have told you. 3.Should anyone (=If anyone should )call, please take
visit some of my friends .
A. am will go B. were , would go
C. shall be D. be , must go
2. If my lawyer _A__ here last Saturday, he __ me from
going .
A. had been , would have prevented
注意4. 含蓄虚拟条件句
有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出 现if引导的条件句,而通过其他代替条件句。
I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.
He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it .
a message.
What would have happened, _C____ as far as the river bank?
(01 上海) A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther