Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
原花青素（OPC）
抗氧化能力约是VE的50倍、VC
的20倍
蕃茄红素
抗氧化能力是VE的100倍，
β-胡萝卜素的3.2倍
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
一些水果的抗氧化力比较
1.00 1.17 1.35
*美国癌症协会100万人前瞻观察十年研究结果
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
藤茶，葡萄科葡萄属显齿蛇葡萄科的嫩茎叶。主
要生长在中国江南山区各地。其味甘甜性凉，具
癌症
心血管疾病
糖尿病
衰老
高血压 老年性痴呆 白内障 类风湿性关节炎
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
植物化学物是机体抗氧化的强力外援
人体每天摄入的传统抗氧化营养素大约为100mg 人体每天摄入的抗氧化植物化学物超过1g
外源抗氧化摄入水平：植物化学物是营养素的10倍
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
3.抗肿瘤作用
每天吃5份不同的果蔬可以使肺 癌的发病率降低23%！
一天吃一个番茄可以使前列腺癌 发生率降低26%！
每天吃2份水果和5份蔬菜，可大 大降低患肠癌的几率。
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
植物化学物分类
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
二、植物化学物的 健康保护效应
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
er Pe pp
in ac h
ni o O
n Eg
Sp
gp l
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
2.保护心脑血管健康
每天吃8份果蔬（约700克）可以使心脏病死亡 率降低22%；
每天吃3个苹果可以使心脏病发病率降低14％ ，冠心病的死亡率降低27％。
植物化学物与健康
朱俊东 教授
第三军医大学营养与食品安全研究中心
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
五颜六色的果蔬
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
神奇的植物色素
叶绿素类：主要有叶绿素a、叶绿素b
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
内容提要
1. 植物化学物概述
2. 植物化学物的健康效应
3. 膳食建议
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
一、植物化学物概述
——植物化学物的概念和分类
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
1950s-1990s
What does food do to me?
Nutritional excess and imbalances Calories - obesity Fiber – Colon cancer Identifying nutrients and components that
梨
一些蔬菜的抗氧化作用比较
12 10
ORAC(TE/g)
8 6 4 2 0
ORAC（Oxgen Radical Absorbance Capacity）
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
an C au t lif lo w er Po ta to C ab ba ge Le ttu ce C ar ro C t uc um be r
进食水果与肺癌死亡的危险度
每周进食 水果天数 年龄组
45-49 50-54 55-00 1.23 1.75
5-7 3或4 0-2
1.00 1.12 1.75
1.00 1.34 2.16
1.00 1.16 1.68
1.00 1.32 1.73
1.00 1.18 1.74
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
蔬菜水果降低慢性病风险的作用成分有哪些？ 维生素 矿物质 膳食纤维 ？
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
1920s-1980s
contribute to premature death
Saturated fat Cholesterol Sodium
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
1990s-Today!
What does food do for me?
Nutritional optimization of quality of life
Survey for England data. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014;68(9):856-862.
Bellavia A, Larsson SC, Bottai M, Wolk A, Orsini N. Fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause mortality: a dose-response analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98(2):454-459
Identification of physiological active components to
prevent or delay premature onset of chronic disease
Phytochemicals
Prebiotics
Fiber
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
What food is required for me? Nutritional deficiency: Iron - Anemia Iodine – Thyroid goiter Vitamin D - Rickets Identifying essential nutrients required for promoting growth and sustaining life. Vitamins Essential minerals – Calcium Essential amino acids
初级代谢 (primary metabolism ) 是一类发生在生长繁殖期的普遍存在于一切 生物中的代谢类型。 初级代谢产物 (Primary metabolites) 主要是碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪。它们是 机体生存必不可少的营养物质。
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
1.天然抗氧化剂
自由基的产生
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
机体抗氧化系统
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
植物化学物的作用：
①保护其不受杂草、昆虫、及微生物侵害
②作为植物生长调节剂 ③形成植物色素 ④维系植物与其生长环境之间的相互作用 植物化学物的特点： ①种类多，数量少（6-10万种，摄入量1.5g/d） ②对人体健康具有双重作用
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
Renaud S, de Lorgeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet，1992；
339(8808):1523-1526.
Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
Oyebode O, Gordon-Dseagu V, Walker A, Mindell JS. Fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause, cancer and CVD mortality: analysis of Health
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Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety
Jin X, Yi L, Chen ML, et al. Delphinidin-3-glucoside protects against oxidized lowdensity lipoprotein-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular endothelial cells via the sodium-dependent glucose transporter SGLT1. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e68617.