英语学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号 4课程名称： VIP一对一年级：初三课时数： 2课时学员姓名：梁绻辅导科目：英语教学专家： Carolyn 课题句子成分分析授课日期及时段2013- 7 –17– 09:30 – 11:30教学内容Part Ⅰ Listen and write down.My daughter, Jane, never receiving a from a girl of her own age in Holland. , we were the Channel and Jane with her and on it into a . She threw the bottle into the sea. She never it again, but , she from a girl in Holland. Both girls regularly（定期地）now. However, they have decided to use the . Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel .dream v. 做梦，梦想age n. 年龄channel n. 海峡throw v. 扔，抛我的女儿简从未想过会接到荷兰一位同龄姑娘的来信。
去年，当我们横渡英吉利海峡时，简把写有她姓名和住址的一张纸条装进了一只瓶子，又将瓶子扔进了大海。
此后她就再没去想那只瓶子。
但10个月以后，她收到了荷兰一位姑娘的来信。
现在这两位姑娘定期通信了。
然而她们还是决定利用邮局。
这样会稍微多花点钱，但肯定是快得多了。
PartⅡ英语句子成分1主语句子一般要有主语。
在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。
动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it 作形式主语。
■作主语English is very important. 英语是很重要的。
The students all love playing games. 这些学生都爱玩游戏。
■作主语他们乘公共汽车上学。
school by bus.大多数学生来自农村。
the countryside.■作主语看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。
TV too much your eyes. It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。
■(短语)作主语To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。
指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.2.谓语谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。
可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
■及物动词作谓语我们应该互相帮助。
They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。
All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
■不及物动词作谓语You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。
他于1988年9月出国。
He September of 1988.■连系动词表状态He is an excellent teacher. 他是位优秀的教师。
Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。
选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework3.表语表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。
如：John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。
The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜爱的运动是游泳。
挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She was the first to learn about it.A B C D4.宾语宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。
如：I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。
I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。
I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。
挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words did you learn last class?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.A B C D5.定语定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。
一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。
I bought a new dictionary. 我买了本新字典。
A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。
A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之将死，其言也善。
The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. 送往委员会的建议被采纳了。
Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green? 你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗？挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D6.状语英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当，或由连词引导状语从句，表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式，比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。
(1) 时间状语I often get up at 5:30 in the morning. 我常常在早上5:30起床。
Hearing the news, they felt very excited. 听到这个消息，他们感到很兴奋。
Go along this street until you reach the end. 沿着这条街走直到到达尽头为止。
(2) 地点状语Pandas only live in China. 熊猫仅生活在中国。
You should put the book where it was. 你应该把这本书放回原来的地方。
(3) 程度状语I have quite a lot of work to do. 我有相当多的工作要做。
(4) 目的状语We’ll go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday. 这个星期天我们将去沙滩野炊。
He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper. 他从口袋里掏出一些零钱来买报纸。
She got up early so that she could catch the first bus. 她早早地起床，以便能够赶上这辆早班车。
(5) 方式状语We usually go to school on foot. 我们通常步行去上学。
Please do it as I told you. 请按我告诉你的去做。
(6) 让步状语Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy. 虽然她很有钱，而她并不幸福。