My dream is to become an astronomer. 不定式作表语
宾语object：
He continued his exploration. 名词作宾语 They are discussing the problem. 不定式 作宾语
We decided to give up the chance. He wanted to join us that day. He often helps me. The told me the news just now. Mom promised me a birthday gift. He enjoys playing by the river He considered giving up.
I have a letter to write . 不定式作定语 He has something to tell you.
句子成分
基本成分包括： 主语、谓语、宾语、补语、表语五种 附属成分包括： 定语、状语、同位语和独立成分 eg. I saw the wonderful film “Titanic” with a friend of mine in the Capital Theatre last year.
He learns German. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. We sang and danced yesterday evening. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
A computer can’t think for itself. She might be our new teacher.
情态动词 +动词作 谓语
表语： 说明主语是什么，怎么样 predicative 名词作表语 I am a teacher. The soup tastes nice. The curtain is beautiful. Everyone is here. They are at home now. 形容词作表语 副词作表语 介词短语作表语
Do let me have another try.
4 感叹句：用来表示强烈的感情。
What a pretty bird ! Look out ! Be careful where you put your feet. 注意看脚下！ What fine weather it is! How fine the weather is ! How beautifully she is dancing! How time flies!
2 那天早上我们谈了很多。
That morning we talked a great deal.
2 主语 谓语 宾语
• 观察下面一个例句，你能找到句中的“主 语” 、“谓语” 、ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ宾语”吗?
I beat 主语 谓语
you 宾语 .
SVO
• 因此这是个典型的“主谓宾”句型。
主语+谓语+宾语
He is making some experiments. I have seen the film. They decided to start at once. I need a job. 1 昨晚我写了一封信。 I wrote a letter last night. 2 他们成功地完成了计划。 They have carried out the plan successfully.
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句
句子的类型
1．主语+谓语 2．主语+谓语+宾语 3．主语+连系动词+表语 4．主语+谓语+双宾语(直接宾语和间 接宾语) 5．主语+谓语+复合宾语(宾语和宾语 补足语)
简单句
并列句 复合句 并列复合句
1 简单句: 只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或 并列谓语)的句子叫做简单句:
用来修饰名词或代词
a nice girl 形容词作定语
your name
shoe shop
代词作定语 book store car factory paper plane 名词作定语 介词词组 作定语
people from different countries top universities in the world
To finish so much work in a day is impossible. 不定式
It is impossible to finish so much work in a day. 真实主语 形式主语
谓语: 说明主语是什么，做什么，怎么样 predicate His grandpa is a retired professor. 系动词 This piece of cloth feels very soft. 作谓语 Spring comes. Leaves turn green. She became cheerful after hearing the news. He finished the novel yesterday evening. The tourists decided to delay their dinner. She doesn’t speak English. 实义动词 Mike is coming. 作谓语
He is working hard in order to catch up with his classmates. (状语表目的 ) The boy is late because of the traffic jam.
(状语表原因 )
定语attribute：
The black bike is mine.
简单句的五种基本结构
1. 主语+谓语 2. 主语+谓语+宾语 3. 主语+系动词+表语
4. 主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
1.主语+谓语
Danny came back. It is raining. Some of them failed.
1你应当努力学习。
You should study hard.
主语subject
The students are having their dinner. 名词 The window was broken yesterday. We went to visit the museum last week. Playing football is my favorite sports. Making paper plane is easy. 代词 动名词
She arrived early.
She cannot have arrived now.
1) He often goes to work on foot. 2) China is not a developed country. 3) Thomas Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11, 1847. 托玛斯爱迪生1847年2月11日生于俄 亥俄，米兰。 4) None of the answers is (are) right.
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、
感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、
感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
1、陈述句
说明一个事实或
陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否
定式，语序是主语在前，谓语 在后。
不定式作宾补
He couldn’t make himself heard.（过去分词） I found the book boring （adj.）
状语 adverbial
He has been doing experiments carefully in the lab since last month. (状语表程度地点时间)
2疑问句：用来提出疑问，句末用问号“？”
有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义 疑问句。
Has she got a big flat ? Is there anything wrong with the truck ?
What can I do for you ?
Shall we have a swim with your friends ?
4.主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语
Mary told us the reason.
Nothing can stop us now, can it ?
Is your father a lawyer or a doctor ?
3 祈使句: 用来提出请求、命令等。 Take care of your belongings. 保管好你的随身用品。
Sit down, please. Do everything as I tell you to do. Don’t do that again. Pass me the dictionary, please. Don’t be late for school.
3.主语+系动词+表语
She was at home then. He became famous. He got angry. They all keep silent. 1我的兄弟都是大学生。 My brothers are all college students.