现在分词做宾语补足语和状语1现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾补，表示宾语与作宾补的动词之间是主动关系。
.(1)动词的宾语补足语①位于感官动词后:如catch(当场发现)，see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to,look at,notice，observe等。
*She felt anger arising in her heart.她感到心中涌起股怒气。
*He observed a stranger hanging a round the store. 他看到一个陌生人在商店附近闲逛。
②位于使役动词后:如set, keep, have, get, leave 等。
*His question has set me thinking.他的问题使我深思。
*She kept me waiting for over twenty minutes.她让我等了20多分钟。
注意：现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行;动词原形作宾补，则表示动作的全过程。
试比较:*I saw him getting out of the car. 我看见他正下车。
*I saw him get out of the car. 我看见他下车了。
练习：I saw a girl __________( cry) in the street.I caught him ____________(read) my private letter.The joke set her_________(burst) out laughing.那个笑话使他大笑起来。
We shouldn't keep our lights___________(burn) in the day.2现在分词作状语(1)现在分词v-ing的形式一：一般式(doing) 与完成式(having done)①现在分词的一般式(doing)作状语，表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生;②现在分词的完成式(having done)作状语表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
*Following in his father's footstep, he chose to study astronomy at university.他继承了父亲的衣钵，在大学里选择了天文学。
*Having lost all my old friends, I felt lonely and shy at my new school. 失去了我所有的老朋友，我在新学校感到孤独和害羞。
练习：________________(represent) the Student Association,I went to the airport to meet the international students.代表学生会，我去机场迎接国际学生。
____________________ (finish)his summary，he went out for a walk.完成总结后，他出去散步了。
(2)现在分词v-ing的形式二：主动式(doing/having done) 与被动式(being done/having been done)现在分词的主动式(doing/having done)作状语时，表示逻辑主语和其之间是主动关系;现在分词的被动式(being done/having been done)作状语时，表示逻辑主语和其之间是被动关系。
注意:现在分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。
*We walked along the river bank, talking and laughing. 我们沿河岸有说有笑地走着。
(主动) *Being repaired now，the computer can't be used. 由于现在正在修理,这台电脑不能用了。
(被动)练习：_________________(struggle）for years, he finally won the champion.经过多年的奋斗，他终于赢得了冠军。
____________________(show) around the lab, we were led into a hall.参观完了实验室，我们被领进了大厅。
(3)现在分词作状语的功能现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随等，相当于状语从句。
①时间状语表示时间，位于句子前半部分，可与when, while引导的时间状语从句相互转换;有时分词前加when或while以示强调。
*When(when可略) comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences. = When we are comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences. 在比较不同的文化时，我们往往只注意差异。
练习：____________(walk) down the street, I came across David.= When _________ down the street, I came across David. 沿街走时，我偶然遇到了戴维。
_________________(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report.= After _____________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report.工作了两天，史蒂夫设法完成了他的报告。
②原因状语表示原因，位于句子前半部分，可与as, since, because引导的原因状语从句相互转换。
*Being ill, she didn't go to school as usual today.=Because she was ill, she didn't go to school as usual today.因为生病，她今天没像往常一样去上学。
练习：Not ____________(know) her address, I had better telephone her to come over.= __________________ her address, I had better telephone her to come over.由于不知道她的地址，我还是打电话让她过来为好。
________________(spend) nearly all his money，the employee couldn't afford to stay ata hotel. =_____________________ nearly all his money，the employee couldn't affordto stay at a hotel.那位雇员几乎已经花完了所有的钱，所以没钱住旅馆了。
③条件状语表示条件，位于句子前半部分，可与if, unless等引导的条件状语从句相互转换。
*Turning right, you will find the circus you want.=If you turn right, you will find the circus you want.向右转，你会找到你想找的马戏团。
练习：_________(go) straight down the road, you will find the canteen.= _____________ straight down the road, you will find the canteen.沿着这条路一直走，你就会找到食堂。
__________(work) hard, you will pass the exam. = __________hard, you will pass the exam.如果努力学习，你就会通过考试。
答案Going If you go Working If you work④让步状语作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句，有时现在分词(短语)前可带有连词although, even if, even though等。
*Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Though they know all this, they made me pay for the damage. .尽管知道了这一切，他们还是让我赔偿损失。
练习：_____________(Know) all this, I still want to see it myself.=_________________ all this, I still want to see it myself.尽管知道一切情况，我还是想亲自看一看。
_______________ (try) many times, he still couldn't overcome the difficulties.=________________ many times, he still couldn't overcome the difficulties.尽管尝试了多次，他仍未能克服困难。
答案Knowing Although I know Having tried Though he had tried⑤结果状语现在分词作结果状语时表示必然的结果，通常放在句末。
有时为了突出结果，现在分词前可加thus,相当于so或so that引导的结果状语从句。
*The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.那位母亲去世了，给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。
*Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds,blocking roads, paths and railway lines.1500万棵树被大风刮倒，堵塞了道路和铁路线练习：Mother drew the curtain for me, _____________(block) out the light.=Mother drew the curtain for me ______________ out the light. 妈妈为我拉住窗帘,挡住光线. Group activities were organized after class , _____________(build) up children's team spirit.课后组织一些小组活动，增强孩子们的团队精神.⑥方式或伴随状语动词-ing作方式或伴随状语时，谓语动词表示动作发生的方式、背景或情况。