中华人民共和国海事局2006年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第40期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.______usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustion.A. Cylinder coverB. Main bearingC. The exhaust valveD. The piston movement2.The mechanical efficiency of an engine is always less than 100% ______lossesoccurring in the form of friction.A. becauseB. sinceC. due toD. owing3.The exhaust ports are located around the lower part of the cylinder liner, ______theproducts of combustion are driven by scavenging air.A. in whichB. by whichC. through whichD. from which4.The third engineer took the ______and checked the tank table in the office andrecorded all relevant data, as well as calculated the bunkering.A. water levelB. sump levelC. ballast tank levelD. ship's trim5.The lubricating pipes and ducts should be blown out with ______.A. the atmosphereB. the fresh waterC. the compressed airD. the chemical compounds6.______neutralizes the acid conditions and ______cleanses the rings and grooves.A. The detergency/the alkalinityB. The alkalinity/the detergencyC. The inhabitant/ the waterD. The additives/the distilled water7.If the engine does not start on air, it may be due to______.A. low compression of the fuel pumpsB. incorrect timing of fuel pumpsC. the starting air valves stuckD. air-locks in fuel oil pipeline8.______device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to thecylinder before the reversing is completed.A. An automaticB. A transmissionC. A self-regulatingD. An interlocking9. A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in ______of speed of the crankshaft.A. a reductionB. an increaseC. an outingD. a downwards10.Fuel injection uses the jet pump system and a Woodward type hydraulic ______isused to control engine speed.A. controllerB. governorC. instrumentD. apparatus 11.The overspeeding of the diesel engine driving an electric generator could cause______.A. low voltage trip to tripB. reverse power trip to tripC. damage to windingsD. excessive exhaust temperatures12.Any carbon built up on surfaces must be washed away by ______additives andheld in suspension by a ______additive.A. dispersant /detergentB. detergent/dispersantC. dispersant /dispersantD. detergent/detergent13.While flowing through the volute in a centrifugal pump, part of the ______energyof the liquid is converted to ______energy.A. kinetic/pressureB. kinetic/essentialC. pressure/kineticD.pressure/height14.Gear pumps are ______because they discharge a near constant amount of liquidregardless of pressure.A. negative displacement typeB. turbine typeC. positive displacement typeD. mixed-flow type15.Operating a rotary pump at speeds in excess of design requirements couldcause______.A. decreased clearances between rotating partsB. decreased slippage to the suction side of the pumpC. air binding in the discharge portsD. erosion and excessive wear16.The fire pumps must be capable of delivering a total quantity of water at a definedhead , not less than______of the total bilge pumping capacity.A. one-thirdB. two-thirdsC. one-fourthD. two-fourths17.The bilge system has been performing well; however, the aft starboard engineroom bilge-well suddenly fails to be pumped out. Which of the following should be done first to determine the cause?A. Open the bilge pump for inspection.B. Remove each of the manifold valves.C. Remove only the manifold valve to the affected bilge-well.D. Attempt to pump out another bilge well to determine if the entire system isaffected.18.Which of the following statements describes one of the functions of the ballastsystem?A. To permit flooding of any fuel oil storage tank on any class of ship.B. To use it as a secondary service system.C. To store reserve feed or potable water for extended cruises.D. To stabilize the ship by flooding certain designed tanks with seawater.19.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.A. bottom blow the boilerB. treat the water with caustic soda1C. treat the water with chemical scavengersD. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings20.Where tanks are arranged for either oil or ballast ______must be fitted in thepipeline.A. a change-over chestB. a head tankC. a emergency bilge pumpD. an aircooler21.The most common cause of scale formation in an auxiliary boiler is ______.A. concentrations of calcium sulphate in the boiler waterB. fuel oil in the feedwaterC. improper treatment of the feed water with calcium sulphateD. excessive feed water alkalinity22.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the wateroutlet. We changed the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder23.Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when______bilge water.A. to pump offB. being pumpedC. pumping outD. it pumping out24. A high rate of separation between oil and water is favored by______.A. large size of oil globuleB. low temperature25. C. high viscosity D. high flow rate26.Medium speed engines have a ______power to weight ratio than the slow speedtwo strokes, but due to the higher speeds tend to have ______maintenance intervals.A. higher/reducedB. higher/increasedC. lower/reducedD. lower/increased27.Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons grosstonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above, ______oil tankers, to record relevant machinery space operations.A. as well asB. as long asC. rather thanD. other than28.It is important with all hydraulic systems to ensure that interlocking arrangementsprovided for pump or motor control levers are before the pump driving motor can be started.A. in the port positionB. in the starboard positionC. in the neutral positionD. to be dismantled29.The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlledwith______.A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel30.With reference to operating a four-ram steering gear system under emergencyconditions, which one of the following statements is incorrect ?A. Only one pump should be used at any timeB. The ship speed should be reduced to 70% of the normalC. Watch keeping of the steering gear should be increasedD. Limitations of the steering gear should be logged but the bridge need not beinformed31.Which of the following problems can result in below normal pressure in theintercooler of an operating low pressure air compressor?A. Defective pressure pilot valveB. Defective receiver relief valveC. Leaking intake valves on the high pressure cylinderD. Leaking discharge valves on the low pressure cylinder32.The air charge leaving an intercooler, or after-cooler of an air compressor can beexpected to be __.A. superheatedB. super-cooledC. at or below the dew pointD. all of theabove33.Open the ______of inter cooler before starting an air compressor.A. cylinder coverB. cooling waterC. oil cupD. drain valve34.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a resultof______.A. bubbling refrigerantB. overheating and oxidationC. lowered operating temperaturesD. reducing the cloud or flash point35.If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition would result in______.A. continuous running of the compressorB. high suction pressureC. high discharge pressureD. short cycling of the compressor on the waterfailure switch36.Which of the statements listed concerning heat transfer is correct?A. Heat is always transferred at a constant rate.B. Heat transfer rate increases as temperature difference increases.C. The rate of heat transfer is not affected by temperature difference.D. The high temperature region is known as a heat sink.37.The purpose of the low pressure cutout switch is to______.A. maintain liquid refrigerant at the suction of the compressorB. maintain a preset suction pressure to the compressorC. start and stop the compressor at preset operating pressuresD. operate at minimum efficiency38.When a refrigeration compressor is in the 'off' cycle, the thermal expansion valvewill______.A. always be wide open when the compressor restartsB. continue to operate as if the system were in operationC. remain open until evaporator pressure equalizes, then close until the compressorrestartsD. always be completely closed until the compressor restarts239.The star formation is most commonly used and requires ______on the alternator.A. one slip-ringB. two slipringsC. three slipringsD. four sliprings40. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the ______.A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay41.Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure thecircuits are______.A. liveB. deadC. excitedD. on line42.Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator fromparallel operation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard.B. Turn off all electrical equipment.C.Remove the load from the … offgoing' generator.D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line.43. A … dead front' switchboard is one ______.A. without switches on itB. with insulated switches and no exposed terminalsC. without circuit breakersD. without safety hand rails nor rubber mats44.In ______the control action is independent on the output.A. a closed loop control systemB. an open loop control systemC. a boiler control systemD. a steering gear automatic control system45.Every precaution must be taken to avoid ______.A. sparking being taking placeB. to spark taking placeC. sparking to be taken placeD. sparking taking place46.The ______is used to measure the volume of a liquid or gas through a pipelinewithin any given period of time.A. flowmeterB. viscometerC. micrometerD. feeler47. A salinity indicator is used to determine the ______.A. cause of salt contaminationB. location of salt water contaminationC. chemical makeup of feed-waterD. level of alkalinity in condensate48.In order to accurately measure very low pressures, which of the instruments listedshould be used?A. Compound gageB. Bourdon tubeC. ManometerD. Deadweight gage49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. all of the above50.The main difference between a motor control circuit containing low voltageprotection and low voltage release is that the latter contains______.A. a magnetic operating coilB. normally open line contactsC. thermal-overload protectionD. a momentary-contact start button51.If the engine ______for a long period, there will be a danger of frost.A. must stand inoperativeB. has to stand inoperativeC. must be stood idleD. will stand idle52.If fuel injection to a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine begins earlier than designed,ignition may be delayed because the ______.A. cylinder compression pressure may not be high enoughB. cylinder compression temperature may be too highC. fuel oil injection pressure may not be high enoughD. scavenge and purge process is incomplete53.Improper cooling of a diesel engine cylinder liner due to the accumulation of scaledeposits, may cause______.A. low compression pressureB. increased piston wearC. increased cylinder lube oil consumptionD. poor contact between compression rings and liner54.Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by______.A. high compression pressureB. low intake air temperatureC. low exhaust pressureD. high scavenge air temperature55.High exhaust temperature and black smoke exhausting from an auxiliary dieselengine can be caused by ______.A. engine overloadB. low combustion temperatureC. plugged fuel nozzle holesD. excessive compression pressure56.In a diesel engine, excessive cylinder liner wear will cause ______.I. increased blow-by II. wear between the piston ring and grooveA. I only is correctB. II only is correctC. both I and II are correctD. neither I or II are correctbustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under anycondition permitting ______.A. a shortened ignition delay periodB. a lean fuel/air mixtureC. excess fuel in the combustion chamberD. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets58.The load on the crosshead pin is always______, so it is the ______half of thebearing which is subject to wear.A. upwards/topB. upwards/bottomC. downwards/topD. downwards/bottom59.If the action of the engine indicates that some of the cylinders are not firing, theones affected may be determined by watching ______.3A. the bad smokeB. the smoky exhaustC. the exhaust temperatureD. the peak pressure60. A centrifugal pump can‟t supply water after starting. You should firs tly check ___.A. discharge valveB. power supplyC. packing glandD. bearing lubrication61.Which of the motors for the devices listed below is fitted with an instantaneous(瞬时的) overload relay?A. FanB. PumpC. WinchD. Machine tool62.If ______are taken at regular intervals, any unequal distribution of load will beeasily found out.A. indicator diagramsB. nomo-gramC. temperature readingsD. pressure readings63.Oil mist detectors are usually used on board to detect oil mist density within _____.A. the engine crankcaseB. the engine scavenge boxesC. drain tanksD. fuel tanks64.The resistance of electric wire will decrease as its ______.A. length increasesB. cross-sectional area increasesC. temperature increasesD. percent of metallic purities increases65.It is well known that the wh ole power distribution of the ship‟s electrical servicesmainly depend on the______.A. sub-boardsB. main switchboardsC. emergency switchboardsD. distribution boards66.The Company should ensure that ______documents are promptly removed.A. absoluteB. updatedC. outdatedD. new67.You may improve a vessel's stability by ______.A. keeping the fuel tanks topped offB. increasing the free surface effectC. keeping the fuel tanks at least half fullD. keeping at least one fuel tank empty for slops68.The most common type of containment device for spilled oil on the water is the useof ______.A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants69.We‟ve trie d many ways, but all in vain. Only in this way, ___the problem, I‟m sure.A. can we solveB. we can solveC. we will solveD. can be solved70.It was ______midnight that we removed the trouble and went back to our cabins.A. untilB. not untilC. not beforeD. not after71.The flash point of a petroleum product is an indication of its______.A. viscosityB. pour pointC. volatilityD. lower explosive limit72.If there has been a fire in a closed unventilated compartment it may be unsafe toenter because of ______.A. unburned carbon particlesB. excess nitrogenC. a lack of oxygenD. excess hydrogen73.Tell your men ______the rules and procedures of working when dismantling theequipment.A. not to go againstB.don‟t go againstC. not go to againstD. to not goagainst74.The minimum number and capacity of bilge pumps and fire pumps and theirdistributing within the ship is governed by______.A. Classification Society RulesB. National requirementsC. The IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaD. All of the above.75.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the mostimportant of all international treaties concerning the ______of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. safetyD. efficiency二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The windlass is the usual anchor-handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors. A more recent development, particular on largervessels, is the split windlass where one machine is used for each anchor.The rotating units of a split windlass consist of a cable lifter with shaped snug to grip the anchor cable, a mooring drum for paying out or letting go of mooringwires and a warp end for warping duties. Each of these units may be separatelyengaged or disengaged by means of a dog clutch, although the warp end is oftendriven in association with mooring drum. A spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off.Separate band brakes are fitted to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off.The cable lifter unit is mounted so as to raise and lower the cable from thespurling pipe, which is at the top and the chain or cable locker.Anchor capstans are used in some installations where the cable lifter rotatesabout a vertical axis. Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the drivingmachinery being on the deck below.76.According to the passage, the rotating units of a split windlass don‟t include______.A. a cable lifterB. a mooring drumC. a chain lockerD. a warp end77.The word “assembly” in the sentence “ A spur gear assembly transmits the motordrive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off.” is as the same meaning as ______.A. unitB. shaftC. dog clutchD. spurling pipe78.One of the functions of a dog clutch is ______.A. to transmit the motor drive to the shaft4B. to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched offC. to engage or disengage the rotating units of a split windlass separatelyD. to handle both anchors79.Which of the following statements is correct ?A. A more recently development, particularly on larger vessels, is the splitwindlass where one machine is used to handle both anchors.B.The word “machine” in the passage refers to the windlass.C. Anchor capstans are used in some installation where the cable lifter rotatesabout a horizontal axis.D. Both the cable lifter unit and the driving machinery are located on deck.三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. （修理单）辅助锅炉水空间需采用化学方法除去水垢，如发现有烧坏的管子则换新，安全释放阀调至设定值。