倒装句讲解▪英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。
▪将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。
▪倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装（full inversion）；▪而只将be 、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装（partial inversion）。
▪形式倒装：只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装形式倒装有四类：（1）感叹句：What + a/an + adj +n.+(主语+谓语)！How + adj /adv.+(主语+谓语)！（2）The+比较级+正常语序句子，The+比较级+正常语序句子。
“越……，越…….。
”（3）Whatever+n.+主语+谓语，主句。
However+ adj/adv+主语+谓语，主句。
（4）As/Although引导让步状语从句时，可以对表语、谓语、状语进行强调。
（注意：若对表语进行强调时，表语为单数可数名词，形容词最高级时，要省掉冠词）一、完全倒装1. There be结构。
另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。
如:There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.巩固练习:1) ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; atB. There stands; underC. Stands there; underD. There stands; at2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。
“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。
Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。
如:Here you are.There she comes.(2). 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。
如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。
如:In came Mr. White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.2) There ________. And here ________.A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she3) Out ________, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush4) ________ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A. Jumped down the robberB. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robberD. Down the robber jumped(3).当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag.East of the lake lie two towns.Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.5) Near the church ________ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old3."分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。
如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.6) ________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A. Einstein was suchB. Such was EinsteinC. Einstein was soD. So was Einstein7) ________ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. GoneB. GoC. To goD. Going二、部分倒装部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。
如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。
1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。
这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner（立即）, not only, in no way（决不）, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I can't swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.巩固练习:1) Hardly ____ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) —Have you ever seen anything like that before?—No, _____ anything like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seenC. never have I seenD. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, ____ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do2. only + 状语放在句首,要部分倒装。
如:Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句)4) Only in this way ____ make progress in your English.A. youB. can youC. you be able toD. will you able to5) Only when the meeting was over___ go back to meet his friend.A. he couldB. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he3. so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。
如:I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.6) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and ____.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did soC. Charlie does soD. did Charlie so7) So loudly _____ that ____ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyoneB. did she speak; everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyoneD. she spoke; everyone could4. "Not only + 分句,but also + 分句"句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。
如:Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.但not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。
如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.8) ___ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.A. Not was only heB. Not only heC. Not only was heD. Not only was5. Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。
如:Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (简单句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (复合句)9) Not until the early years of the 19th century ___know what heat is.A. man didB. manC. didn't manD. did man10) Not until I began to work ____ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didn't IB. did IC. I didn'tD. I6. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。