2018学年上海省上海市浦东新区建平中学高三第二学期4月考试卷英语试题I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Does City Living Hurt Mental Health?People often move to cities ___1___ better jobs and more cultural activities. But are they putting ___2___ at risk? Maybe.Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that “natural environments or green spaces” do much for good our mental health and ___3___ (experience) nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work.On the other hand, ___4___ they cannot say exactly why, mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health.Andrea Mechelli is a doctor with the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College, Londo n. “There have been studies ___5___ people were taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment, and their symptoms would improve. And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk.”Kings College researchers, along with city planners and land and building designers hoped___6___ (learn) more about city living and mental illness. So, they created a smartphone app called Urban Mind. They say they wanted to understand ___7___ different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing.The Urban Mind app ___8___ your experience of city living in the moment. Researchers collected real time information from 108 people, who answered just over 3,000 questions during a one-week period.The researchers found that being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature ___9___(associate) with higher levels of mental well-being.They alsofound that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems.The Urban Mind Project team says it hopes “the results will inform future urban planning and social policy ___10___(intend) to improve design and health.”【答案】1. for 2. themselves3. experiencing4. though/although5. where6. to learn7. how 8. measures9. were associated10. intended【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。
本文通过围绕在城市生活会影响人的精神吗这个话题展开，研究人员还使用了“城市思维”这个应用程序可以测量人们当下的城市生活体验。
研究人员发现了自然环境对精神健康水平有影响。
【1题详解】考查介词。
句意：人们经常为了更好的工作和更多的文化活动而搬到城市。
根据句子意思，人们经常搬到城市，是为了更好的工作和文化活动，这里表示一种目的，故填for。
【2题详解】考查反身代词。
句意：但他们是在把自己置于危险之中吗？也许吧。
短语put oneself at risk，表示使某人自己处于危险之中。
根据主语是they，故填themselves。
【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：美国精神病学协会的专家表示，“自然环境或绿色空间”对我们的精神健康大有裨益，体验自然有助于人们从日常工作带来的精神疲劳中恢复过来。
因为空格前有and作并列连词，所以后面是一个句子，句中有谓语动词helps，缺少主语，所以experiencing 在这里要充当主语，故填experiencing。
【4题详解】考查连词。
句意：另一方面，虽然他们不能确切地说出原因，但心理健康专家说，一些研究表明，城市生活可能会损害我们的心理健康。
根据they cannot say判断是表示让步的句子，可以用though/although引导让步状语从句，故填though/although。
【5题详解】考查定语从句。
句意：有研究表明，人们从城市环境被带到农村环境，他们的症状会改善。
分析句子成分，There have been studies where people were taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment中有一个定语从句，先行词是studies，people were taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment是一个完整的句子，主语是people，谓语是were taken out of，宾语是an urban environment，分析句意可知缺少地点状语，故填where。
【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：国王学院的研究人员、城市规划者、土地和建筑设计师希望更多地了解城市生活和精神疾病。
短语hope to do sth.，希望做某事，to do表示目的，故填to learn。
【7题详解】考查宾语从句。
句意：他们说，他们想了解城市环境的不同部分是如何影响心理健康的。
根据句子意思，他们想要明白不同的城市环境怎样影响心理健康，how“怎么样，如何”，故填how。
【8题详解】考查动词及时态。
句意：“城市思维”应用程序可以测量你当下的城市生活体验。
分析句子成分可知，measure为谓语动词，再根据主语是The Urban Mind app，时态是一般现在时，故填measures。
【9题详解】考查动词及语态。
句意：研究人员发现，呆在户外，看树，听鸟叫，看天空，感受大自然，这些都与较高的精神健康水平有关。
The researchers found that 后面是一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中，主语是being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature，所以接下来所给动词为谓语动词，此句时态是一般过去时，且用被动语态，故填were associated。
10题详解】考查过去分词做定语。
句意：“城市心智”项目团队表示，他们希望“研究结果将为未来旨在改善设计和健康城市规划和社会政策提供信息。
”根据句子结构来看，intend充当policy的后置定语，相当于which is intended to，表示旨在，故填intended。
【点睛】第4小题考查了though/although用法。
though，although引导让步状语从句时，后面的主句不能有but，however，但是可与yet，still连用。
1.although 和though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。
只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。
另外although 语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。
e.g. Though/Although my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new one.同义句：My car is very old, but I don't want to buy a new one.虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。
2.even能和though组合表示强调，但even 不能和although 组合。
因此，不能说even although，在这里even though=even if（no matter if thou使…….也……）e.g. Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our vocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。