高考英语非谓语动词解析版汇编含解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1. ______ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A.Working out B.Worked outC.To work out D.Work out【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词的用法。
句意:为了解出那道数学难题,我已经向Russell 教授咨询过好几次了。
非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语,题干中缺少目的状语,故选C。
【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语?1) 目的状语。
To⋯onlyto 仅( 仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) 如此⋯⋯a以s 便to⋯⋯()如:He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to saygood-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2) 作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。
如:What have I said to make you angry ?我说什么让您生气了?He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜查了房间什么也没找到。
3) 表原因。
如:I'm sorry to hear your father is ill 听说你父亲病了很难过。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。
本题与2014 年四川卷第7 题相似—Goodidea.To find more about it, visit this website. 这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。
非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。
一般现在分词表示主动的关系,而过去分词表示被动的关系,动词不定式的用法很多,通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构,能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。
2.The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _____ right from wrong. A.distinguished B.distinguishingC.to distinguish D.to be distinguished【答案】B【解析】试题分析:首先have difficult /trouble doing sth 是固定词组。
The lecture mainlydeals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong 在这个句子中,deal with 的宾语是trouble ,所以后面的句子是修饰trouble 这个词的定语从句。
考点:固定用法考查点评:对于固定用法,平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。
3.Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _______ from the libraryA.to borrow B.borrowed C.to be borrowed D.borrowing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。
分析句子可知,这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps 和borrow 是被动关系吗,所以用过去分词做定语,故选B。
4.(天津)I didn't mean __________ anything but the ice cream looked so good that Icouldn ' t help _______ it.A.to eat ;to try B.eating;tryingC.eating;to try D.to eat;trying【答案】D 【解析】考查短语固定搭配。
句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。
固定短语短语mean to do (打算做),couldn 't help diong 忍不住做。
故选D。
点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。
同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can't help to do st不h.能帮助做”与“couldn 't help doin忍g 不住做”之间的含义。
5.Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:最近,一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市民中引起了激烈的争论。
分析句子结构可知,该句的主语是 a survey,谓语动词是has caused,宾语是heated debate 。
可见,句子结构是完整的,因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。
survey 与compare 之间存在主动关系,因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。
故选B。
6.He had wonderful childhood, __ with his mother to all corners of the world.A.travel B.to travel C.traveled D.traveling【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:他有着美好的童年,跟母亲到过世界各地。
分析句子可知,用非谓语动词形travel 式,逻辑主语He 与travel 之间为主谓关系,因此用现在分词作状语。
故选D。
7.Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ______ in a short period.A.improved B.improvingC.to improve D.improve【答案】A【解析】宾语written English 与improve 之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补。
8.Tsinghua University, _______ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意: 建立于1911 年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。
Tsinghua University 和found 之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。
9.Jack wasn ' t appointed chairman of the committee, _____ not very oppular with all its members.A.to be considered B.considering C.having considered D.considered【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:杰克没有被任命为委员会主席,考虑到他的所有成员都不太受欢迎。
句中主语Jack 和动词consider 是被动关系指被别人考虑,用过去分词作状语,不用不定式或-ing 形式,故选D.10.Time, ______ correctly, is money in the bank.A.to use B.used C.using D.use【答案】B【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。
根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状语。
再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use与主语time 之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B。
句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。
11.127.Everything ____ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.A.having taken B.to be taken C.being taken D.taken【答案】D 【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。
句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。
因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。
故使用独立主格结构。
因为everything 与take into consideration 构成被动关系,故使用过去分词的形式。
故D 正确。
【名师点睛】独立主格结构可以与状语从句互换。
本句="After" everything was taken into consideration.独立主格结构,是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。
在该结构中,名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系,用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
在句中作状语,表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随,方式或结果”等含义。
其位置比较灵活,放于句首句末均可。
1. 名词(代词)+现在分词The clock striking twelve , I went to bed. (表原因)2. 名词(代词)+过去分词He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast. (表伴随)3. 名词(代词)+不定式Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month. (表伴随)4. 名词(代词)+形容词短语Her face pale with anger , she rose to go away.(表原因)5. 名词(代词)+介词短语Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand. (表方式)6. 名词(代词)+副词短语Summer over, the students returned to school. (表原因)7. 名词(代词)+名词短语His first shot a failure, Tom fired again. (表原因)12.The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A.starting B.being startedC.to start D.to be started【答案】A【解析】选A start 与逻辑主语the lecture 之间为主动关系,故排除B、D 两项。