▪ Accelerate growth and development ▪ Promote central nervous system development ▪ Influence metabolism of lipids, ,
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Congenital Hypothyroidism Physiology and Pathology
Regulation of Thyroid Function
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regulaton of H-P-T
Congenital Hypothyroidism
▪ Definition and Category ▪ Physiology and Pathology ▪ Etiology ▪ Clinical Manifestations ▪ Laboratory Findings ▪ Differential Diagnosis ▪ Treatment ▪ Follow Up ▪ Prognosis
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定义
▪ 先天性甲状腺功能减低症（Congenital hypothyroidism,CH)简称先天性甲低， 是因甲状腺激素产生不足或其受体缺陷所致的先天性 疾病。 如果生后未及时治疗，将导致生长迟缓和智力低下。
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thyroid hormone that requires life-long treatment ▪Transient CH refers to a temporary deficency of
thyroid hormone,discovered at birth,but then recovering to normal in the first few months or years of life ▪The incidence rate of CH is 1/3000~1/5000.
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Congenital Hypothyroidism Physiology and Pathology
Synthesis of Thyroid Hormone ▪ thyroid hormone
triiodothyronine (T3) thyroxine (T4) ▪ Materials iodine, tyrosine ▪ Steps ▪ 1. Iodine trapping ▪ 2. Iodine oxidized ▪ 3. Tyrosine iodinate ▪ 4. Iodotyrosine condensation
Congenital Hypothyroidism Category
▪ ——Primary hypothyroidism, in which the thyroid doesn't produce an adequate amount of T4.
▪ ——Secondary hypothyroidism develops when the pituitary gland does not release enough of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) that prompts the thyroid to manufacture T4
▪ The thyroid hormones exert their effects on various target tissues(end organs) and exert an indirect negative feedback(feed-back inhibition) on their own secretion by acting at the level of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus
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Congenital Hypothyroidism Physiology and Pathology
Actions of Thyroid Hormone
▪ Increase oxygen consumption and heat production
▪ TRH synthesized in the hypothalamus are secreted into the hypophysial portal circulation
▪ TSH are then secreted by the pituitary gland(hypophysis) in response, and in turn act on thyroid gland to stimulate the secretion of thyroid hormones.
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Definition
▪Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) is a condition of thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth.
▪ If untreated for several months after birth, severe CH can lead to growth failure and permanent mental retardation.
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Congenital Hypothyroidism Category
▪CH is also classified into permanent and transient ▪Permanent CH refers to a persistent deficiency of