《汉英翻译多媒体教程》第一编汉英词语翻译第二十三讲汉语量词的翻译一汉语量词的翻译汉语中的量词比较多，而且通常是同数词放在一起使用的。
但英语中是没有量词的，所以汉语中的数量词在英语当中一般是只译数词而不译量词的。
如“三个工人”译成three workers,“六辆汽车”译成six cars,“八盏灯”译成eight lamps,“十栋房屋”译成ten houses等。
但是，在一定的条件下，由于意义上的要求，汉语中的量词也可以译成英语中特殊表示量的概念名词。
这种特殊量词通常是借用普通名词，具有独立的意义。
在结构上采用“名词＋of＋名词”等形式。
汉语的量词除了省略不译之外，还可以转化成以下四种形式：1 表示事物特征、状态的“量词”一叶草a blade of grass一阵风a blast of wind一匹布a bolt of cloth一团烟a cloud of smoke一张皮a sheet of skin一粒灰尘a speck of dust一层油漆a coat of paint一块肥皂a cake of soap一片白雪a blanket of snow一条巧克力a bar of chocolate2 表示抽象名词数量单位的“量词”一种食品an article of food一个忠告a piece of advice一则消息an item of /a piece of news一段时间a period of time一场战斗a bout of fighting一线希望a flash /gleam/ray of hope一阵掌声a round of applause一片欢腾a scene of great rejoicing一阵批评a shower of criticism一缕轻烟a wisp of smoke一阵雷声a peal of thunder一小块地a plot of land一章交响乐a movement of a symphony一连串想法a chain of thought3 表示一群、群体或集合概念的“量词”一束花a bouquet of flowers一伙歹徒a mob of gangsters一列士兵a file of soldiers一大组人a body of people一群朋友a circle of friends一串笑语a spate of jokes一套工具a set of tools一片旗海a sea of flags一群鸽子a flight of doves一群蜜蜂a cluster of bees一窝小猫a little of kittens一队童子军a troop of scouts一大批英才a galaxy of talents一大队工人an army of workers一批新干部a batch of new cadre一系列文章series of articles4 转化成形容词、动词或感叹词等31）砰！枪响了一声。
Bang! Went the gun.2）他满脑子是点子。
He is brimful of ideas.3）她“扑哧”一声笑了。
She burst out laughing.4）再来一个！Encore5）他只来过一回。
He came only once .二汉语倍数的翻译倍数的翻译也是汉语数词翻译的重要内容。
下面将介绍汉语中常见的倍数和百分比的表达及其英译方法。
1.A是B的n倍该表达形式可以译成：（1）A is n times that of B ; （2）A is ntimes as adj. as B；（3）A increases(rises/grows) by（n一1）times over B; （4）A is (n一1) times more than B。
也可以用动词twice,double, two fold, triple, quadruple等表示。
1) 1975年香港服装的出口额比1965年增加了6.3倍。
In1975 the export value of Hong Kong’ garments was 6. 3times that of 1965.2)产量比1997年增长了两倍，总产值创历史最高记录。
The output has increased by 2 times compared with 1997，andthe total output value hit a record high.3)这艘船的载重量是那艘船的两倍。
This ship has double the capacity of that one.4)江汉大学新校区的占地面积是老校区的三倍。
The New Campus of Jianghan University covers an area that is 3times as big as the Old Campus.2.A增加n倍：A比B多n倍该表达形式可以译成：（1）A is ( n + 1) times as adj . as B；（2）A increases (rises, goes up，grows,be) by n times.1)去年，我们的工作人员增加了一倍，工作量至少增加了三倍。
Last year we doubled our staff and increased our workload by three times．2)今年上半年汽车进口12.5万辆，比去年同期增长1·75倍。
In the first half of this year, the import of motor vehiclesreached 125 000 and increased 1·75 times compared with the same period of last year.3) 1974年水稻种植面积比1949年扩大了三分之一。
By 1974 the paddy field area had been expanded to one-third more than that of 1949.3百分比的增加表示百分比的增加通常用increase/rise/grow/shoot up by十百分比，或an increase/growth of＋百分比等。
1)今年头三个月，协议外资金额和实际使用外资金额分别比去年同期增长了300.3％和179. 8 % 。
In the first three months of this year, total contracted foreign capital and total paid-in capital have shot up by 300. 3 percent and 179·8 percent respectively.2)今年第一季度的产量比去年同期增加了12.5%.The production increased 12.5 percent between January and Marchcompared with the corre-sponding period last year.3)据中国海关统计，去年外商投资企业的产品出口值达78.1亿美元，今年上半年又比去年同期增长了58. 4 % 。
According to Chinese Customs statistics, exports of foreign-funded ventures totaled US＄7·81billion last year and registered an increase of 58 ．4 percent in the first half of thisyear over the same period of last year.4 百分比的减少表示百分比减少通常用reduce by, fall by (to) , go down by等。
1)作为出口主体的国有企业今年仅出口278.3亿美元，比去年减少了3. 4 % 。
As the major force of China’s export，China's state-owned enterprises only exported US＄27 ．83billion worth of goods, representing a reduction（decrease）of 3.4 percent．2）股指暴跌，跌幅为7·8%，以14. 3元探底。
The index stumped 7·8 percent to 14·3 yuan3)今年上半年对外新签借款协议金额32.4亿美元，比去年同期增长14%；实际使用贷款金额31.3亿美元，比去年同期下降2. 9 % 。
Signed foreign loans in the first half of thisyear amounted to US＄3 ．24 billion, which represents a 14percent increase over the corresponding period of last year.Of the total，us＄3 ．13 billion has been put into use, downby 2.9 percent over the same period of last year.。