四川省2015高考英语冲刺阅读完型写作自练7阅读理解(2014·合肥模拟)In the quest for better health, many people turn to doctors, self-help books or herbal supplements. But they overlook a powerful weapon that could help them fight illness and depression, speed recovery, slow aging and prolong life: their friends.Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship and social networks in overall health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the risk for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could promote brain health as we age.“In general, the role of friendship in our lives isn't well appreciated, ”said Rebecca G. Adams, a professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. “There are a lot of things on families and marriage, but very little on friendship. It baffles me. Friendship has a bigger impact on our psychological well-being than family relationships. ”Bella DePaulo, a visiting psychology professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, whose work focuses on single people and friendships, notes that in many studies, friendship has an even greater effect on health than a spouse or a family member.It isn't entirely clear why friendship has such a big effect. It may be because people with strong social ties also have better access to health services and care. Beyond that, however, friendship clearly has a profound psychological effect. People with strong friendships are less likely than others to get colds, perhaps because they have lower stress levels.Last year, researchers studied 34 students at the University of Virginia, taking them to the base of a steep hill and fitting them with a weighted backpack. They were then asked to estimate the steepness of the hill. Some participants stood next to friends during the exercise, while others were alone.The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. And the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared.“People with stronger friendship networks feel like there is someone they can turn to, ”said Karen A.Roberto, director of the center for gerontology(老年医学)at Virginia Tech. “Friendship is an undervalued resource. The consistent message of these studies is that friends make your life better. ”【文章大意】如何保持身心健康? 相信每个人对此都很感兴趣并能给出自己的答案。
本文作者向我们介绍了一个有利于身心健康的, 很重要又长期被人们忽视的因素——友谊。
1. What's the main idea of the passage?A. People should make friends as many as possible.B. Friendships do great good to human health.C. People with friends have an optimistic attitude.D. Several studies have been done on friendships.【解析】选B。
主旨大意题。
文章通过几个研究结果说明友谊在促进人类身心健康方面作用巨大。
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?- 1 -A. People haven't attached importance to friendships.B. A friend can replace doctors and self-help books.C. People with many friends may have higher stress levels.D. People who have friends tend to be fat.【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
从文章第三段可知, 人们尚未认识到友谊对人们身心健康的重要性。
其他选项均与原文信息不符。
3. The author mentioned the study in the last three paragraphs to indicate that.A. students should climb the steep hill with friendsB. it takes a long time to make friendsC. a friend in need is a friend indeedD. people accompanied by friends remain optimistic in the face of difficulty【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
倒数第二段中“The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. ”表明与朋友在一起的学生估计出来的坡度更小, 这意味着他们面对困难能保持相对乐观的心态。
4. In Paragraph 2 the author aims to tell us.A. friendship has a strong physical effect on people's healthB. we cannot be too careful when making friendsC. older people are likely to have fewer friendsD. 60 percent of the people without friends will become fat when they get old【解析】选A。
段落大意题。
根据本段开头(主题句)可知答案。
而且主题句后的三个研究结论都与“友谊影响身体健康”有关。
阅读理解。
There were smiling children all the way. Charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight, Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (拥抱). I had never done this before. He seemed surprised - 2 -and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.I looked forward to the return journey.16. The author had thought the train trip was ______ at the beginningA. adventurousB. pleasantC. excitingD. dull17. What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?A. The friendly country people.B. The mountains along the way.C. The crowds of people in the streets.D. The simple lunch served on the train.18. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish”in the second paragraph?A. chooseB. enjoyC. prepare forD. carry on19. Where was the writer going?A. Johore Baru.B. The Causeway.C. Butterworth.D. Singapore.20. What can we learn from the story?A. Comfort in traveling by train.B. Pleasure of living in the country.C. Reading gives people delight.D. Smiles brighten people up.【参考答案】D篇：DABCD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。