【高考】英语冲刺导练15---炳辉书店---【读写应用综合训练】倒序溯源训练2一、完形填空Cloze 2_15记叙文 -5Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 37 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor.His Dad couldn’t afford the 38 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 39 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 40 he didn’t have the time or the 41 . He had only one good suit. He tried 42 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 43 . During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex(自卑感), which his mother knew could45 him from achieving his real potential. She46 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 47 i n speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 48 made it. This proved to be a 49 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 51 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 52 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 53 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 54 an idea to an audience builds a person’s conf idence. And, 55 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.36. A. admitted B. filledC. suppliedD. recognized 37. A. assignment B. educationC. advantageD. instruction38. A. training B. boardC. teachingD. equipment39. A. between B. during C. over D. through40. A. while B. when C. because D. though41. A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes42. A. on B. for C. in D. with43. A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing44. A. gaining B. achievingC. developingD. obtaining45. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free46. A. suggested B. demandedC. requiredD. insisted47. A. presence B. practiceC. patienceD. potential48. A. hopefully B. certainlyC. finallyD. naturally49. A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning50. A. progress B. experienceC. competenceD. confidence51. A. horse-riding B. footballC. speechD. farming52. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact53. A. convey B. overcomeC. understandD. build54. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat55. A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with二、阅读理解Reading Comprehension█阅读微技能 Micro Reading Skills解析与训练系列目的：形成阅读策略；培养语感（语言意识）；提升语言的理解、信息处理、问题的分析和解决能力。

在阅读过程中通过对语篇题材内容的确认、语篇体裁的把握、语言风格的判断、语言的运用与理解，语言知识的巩固与拓展，形成系统的基于语言知识的问题理解、获取和处理信息的能力，分析问题和解决问题的能力，深度认识英语语言的表意结构、语篇结构特点、语言组织表达方式以及信息传递和表达特点，从思维、文化、和学习策略等方面整体提升英语语言的知识基础、理解和表达能力。

微技能：1. 略读（skimming）； 2. 找读（scanning）；3. 组织-骨架阅读Organism-Skeleton Reading Strategy4. 预测下文Prediction；5.理解大意Understanding the gist；6.分清文章中的事实和观点Facts & Opinions；7. 猜测词义Meaning Guessing；8.推理判断Inference； 9.了解重点细节Key Details；10. 理解文章结构Text Organization；11. 理解图表信息Diagrams；12.理解指代关系Reference；13.理解逻辑关系Logical clues；14.理解作者意图Purposes & Intentions；15.评价阅读内容Evaluation.阅读微技能：1. 略读Skimmingskim v.to read, study, or examine superficially and rapidly especially: to glance through (as a book) for the chief ideas or the plot 浏览, 略读：浏览以找到主旨或情节➢Passage 1 2016全国乙卷AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (1907-1964)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (1913-2005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights mov ement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her teaching skill.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day O’Connor.D. Rosa Parks24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers.➢Passage 2 2016 江苏卷DNot so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, one person wants to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few year later at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint (短跑).“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73—the fourth record ever.Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew u p in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships b arefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the ad ult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “ I have so much fire burning for my country,” Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopesto inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.As Muhammad Ali puts it, “Champions aren't m ade in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.65. Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?A. He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.B. He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.C. She had big problems maintaining her performance.D. She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.66. What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?A. She would become a promising star.B. She badly needed to set higher goals.C. Her sprinting career would not last long.D. Her talent for sprinting was known to all.67. What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?A. Her success and lessons in her career.B. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit.C. Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.D. Her early entrance into the sprinting world.68. What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's statement underlined in Paragraph 5?A. She was highly rewarded for her efforts.B. She was eager to do more for her country.C. She became an athletic star in her country.D. She was the envy of the whole community.69. By mentioning Mu hammad Ali’s words, the author intends to tell us that ______.A. players should be highly inspired by coachesB. great athletes need to concentrate on patienceC. hard work is necess ary in one’s achievementsD. motivation allows great athletes to be on the top70. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Making of a Great AthleteB. The Dream for ChampionshipC. The Key to High PerformanceD. The Power of Full Responsibility■训练1 2015 安徽卷BWhen her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny's mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mothertaught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business."Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.60. Hele ne tied several chopsticks to gether to show ______.A. the strength of family unityB. the difficulty of growing upC. the advantage of chopsticksD. the best way of giving a lesson61. We can I earn from Paragraph 2 that the An family ______.A. started a business in 1975B. left Vietnam without much moneyC. bought a restaurant in San FranciscoD. opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles62. What can we infer about the An daughters?A. They did not finish their college education.B. They could not bear to work in the family business.C. They were influenced by what Helene taught them.D. They were troubled by disagreement among family members.63. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. How to Run a CorporationB. Strength Comes from PeaceC. How to Achieve a Big DreamD. Family Unity Builds SuccessCAs Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group kne w they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called "transactive memory (交互记忆)".According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantit ies of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.64. The passage begins with two questions to ______.A. introduce the main topicB. show the author's altitudeC. describe how to use the InternetD. explain how to store information65. What can we learn about the first experiment?A. Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.C. The first group did not try to remember the formation.D. The second group did not understand the information.66. In transactive memory, people ______.A. keep the information in mindB. change the quantity of informationC. organize information like a computerD. remember how to find the information67. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?A. We are using memory differently.B. We are becoming more intelligent.C. We have poorer memories than before.D. We need a better way to access information.DThere are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual ant hardly weigh anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior.In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they havea collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.68. We can learn from the passage that ants are _____.A. not willing to share foodB. not found around the polesC. more successful than all other animalsD. too many to achieve any level of organization69. Ants can use pheromones for _____.A. escapeB. communicationC. warning enemiesD. arranging labor70. What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Accept.B. Employ.C. Play with.D. Fight against.71. Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?A. Their behavior.B. Their size.C. Their number.D. Their weight. 【语法重点运用导练】语法知能运用导练：词性与成分 1—定语、状语1一】定语adjective是用来说明名词（代词）的品质与特征的词、语块（词组）或句子。