2015西安市高考英语冲刺选练4阅读理解。
Once, the Paiter-Surui tribe(部落)lived a happy life in the heart of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. But after the tribe’s first me eting with Westerners several decades ago, they were nearly wiped out; diseases brought by outsiders reduced the Surui’s numbers from 5, 000 to about 250. Today, some 1, 300 tribe people live in 23 villages across 600, 000 acres. Though they are as likely to wear T-shirts and jeans as feathered headdresses, the Surui are determined to preserve and protect the tribal culture of their homeland. Now they are under threat again, from illegal logging and deforestation(滥伐), but this time it’s different. The Surui have put aside their bows and arrows and taken up a new weapon: the Internet.The tribe people learned to use the Web from their leader, Chief Almir Narayamoga. “We decided to use computers and technology to br ing attention to our situation, ”says Narayamoga, 36. The first in his tribe to attend college, Chief Narayamoga learned how to use computers at the Federal University of Goiás in Goiânia, a city of 1. 2 million. In 2007, he fled the Surui homeland after his fight against loggers who placed a $100, 000 reward on his head. He traveled to the United States and paid a visit to Google headquarters in California. He came armed with a big idea. Narayamoga’s visit to Google was considered a great success. And Goo gle sent teams to the Amazon to train the Surui in using computers, cameras, and smart phones to photograph logging sites, which could be pinpointed using GPS technology and then uploaded to Google Earth. The Surui have now mapped the entire reserve and recorded the biodiversity and the rainforest within it.【文章大意】本文主要讲了巴西土著居民正在利用因特网让世人知道他们的处境, 并开始保护他们的家园。
1. What caused the population of the Amazon tribe to reduce greatly?A. The change of their lifestyles.B. Deforestation.C. Diseases.D. Fighting.【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
从文章第一段最后一句可知, 由外来者带来的疾病导致土著人口剧减。
2. Chief Narayamoga fled his homeland because.A. he owed a large debtB. the loggers wanted to kill himC. he wanted to learn computersD. he failed to fight against logging【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
从文章倒数第二段可知, 酋长逃离家乡的原因是伐木者悬赏捉拿他并置他于死地。
3. What kind of idea did Chief Narayamoga have after he returned to his homeland?A. He could ask the US government for help.B. He could negotiate with the loggers.C. He could save their land with the Internet.D. He could make a map of their land.【解析】选C。
推理判断题。
联系文章最后两段可知, 酋长从美国回来, 开始用“谷歌”搜索和全球定位技术来引发世人关注, 从而利用社会舆论来保护自己的家园, 由此可知C项正确。
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Deforestation has been stopped in Amazon.B. Narayamoga’s efforts are paying off.C. The Internet is still something new to the tribe people.D. Logging has been stopped due to the use of GPS technology.【解析】选B。
推理判断题。
文章最后一段说明, 酋长的美国之行获得了成功, 现在土著民族正运用高科技来测量自己的领地, 由此推断, 他们的努力正在获得回报。
阅读理解。
Nearly all of today’s Native Americans in North, Central and South America can trace their ancestry to just six women whose descendants（后裔）immigrated around 20,000 years ago, a DNA study suggests．The finding does not mean that only these six women gave rise to migrants who crossed into North America from Asia in the earliest population of the continent．Rather, it suggests that only six left a particular DNA legacy that persists to today in about 95% of Native Americans, said study co-author Ugo Perego in Utah．“The women did not necessarily arrive together, nor even all live at the same time,” he said．Results indicate the women arrived sometime between 18,000 and 21,000 years ago．The work was published this week by the journal PLoS One．Perego is from the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation in Salt Lake City and the University of Pavia in Italy．The work confirms the previous indications of just six maternal（母系的）lineages, as well as a date of around 20,000 years ago when the first people in North America arrived after crossing a land bridge from Asia, Perego said．The researchers studied mitochondrial （线粒体）DNA, which is passed only from mother to daughter．They created a “family tree” that traces the different DNA lineages found in today’s Native Americans．By noting mutations（突变）in each branch and applying a formula for how often such mutations arise, they calculated how old each branch was．That indicated when each branch arose in a single woman．The six “founding mothers” obviously did not live in Asia because the DNA signatures they left behind are not found there, Perego said．So they probably lived in Beringia, the now-submerged land bridge that stretched to North America, he said．6．What is the passage mainly about?A．A study indicates that women arrived in America around 20,000 years ago．B．A study indicates six women gave rise to migrants of America．C．A DNA study tells about people who crossed into North America from Asia．D．A study indicates Native Americans can trace their ancestry to just six women．7．Which of the following is TRUE about the research?A．It shows that DNA is passed from parents to daughters．B．It concludes that the six women arrived individually but lived at the same time．C．It is a joint one conducted by Salt Lake City and an Italian university．D．It shows that only six women in 95% of present Native Americans have got a particular DNA legacy．8．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “lineages”?A．Classes．B．Varieties．C．Families．D．Findings．9．What didn’t Ugo Perego and his team do?A．They used a “family tree” to analyze the findings．B．They focused on life styles of the original women．C．They clarified genetic changes in the family tree．D．They studied how long each branch had developed．10．What can we infer from the finding?A．The six mothers probably lived on the present islands in North America．B．Most Native Americans have got the DNA legacy passed from the six women．C．Beringian DNA was found in the women who originally immigrated to North America．D．The research was not accepted by the previous scientists because of its contradiction．【参考答案】6—10、D C C B B阅读理解。