天津市耀华中学2017届高考英语冲刺导练（20）【读写应用综合训练】一、完形填空Cloze 2_20说明文 1As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routinebasis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents (少年) enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 52 , who now complain about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hours at a time when they first 54 their driver’s license? Before people retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 afterretirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59. And , like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 .41. A. principle B. habitC. weaker D. power42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 44. A. confidence B. interestC. anxietyD. sorrow45. A. sameB. extra C. funny D. expensive46. A. well-organized B.colorfully-printedC. newly-collectedD. half-filled47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main48. A. silentlyB. impatientlyC. gladlyD. worriedly49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game50. A. courage B. calmnessC. confusionD. excitement51. A. graduation B. independenceC. responsibilityD. success52. A. childrenB. students C. adults D. retirees53. A. carefully B. eagerlyC. nervouslyD. bravely54. A. required B. obtainedC. noticedD. discovered55. A. needB. learn C. start D. plan56. A. great B. strong C. difficultD. correct57. A. timeB. money C. skills D. knowledge58. A. onlyB. wellC. even D. soon.59. A. lostB. chose C. leftD. quit60. A. petsB. toys C. friends D. colleagues二、阅读理解Reading Comprehension Test█阅读微技能 Micro Reading Skills解析与训练系列6微技能：6.分清文章中的事实和观点Facts & Opinions：事实是客观发生的可以被证明的事情，是真实情况，包括事物、事件、事态，即客观存在的一切物体与现象、社会上发生的一切不平常的事情和局势及情况的变异事态。
如：China has more people than any other country in the world. 观点指是由事实引发的作者对某件事情的看法、评价、判断、情感等，带有明显的主观性。
如：The cats are better pets than dogs. 在英语中有以下几种表达观点的常见方式：一、表达情感的词语及对事物持有的态度，如like, dislike, prefer, love, hate等；二、引出对事物发表自己的见解、意见的词语，如think, in my opinion, consider, regard as等；三、对事物的描述性词语，如good, perfect, cheerful, fragrant等。
在英语阅读中考生首先要分清什么是事实，什么是观点，要既能理解具体的事实，也能理解抽象的观点态度等，才能对所阅读的文章做出正确的判断。
在不同的文体中，事实和观点的区分标准又有所不同。
比如，广告中的事实是指那些从理论上来说真实的信息，比如产品名称、产地、配置等；而观点则是广告设计者为了吸引消费者而创设的各种情境以及所使用的各种修饰词，如形容词等。
议论文往往开头给出观点，接着以事实为例来证明观点。
文章中的 for example, for instance可以看作引出事实的标志。
作者常用I think /believe, ... should来引出观点。
Passage 12016浙江卷A“Did you hear what happened to Adam l ast Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining, Tori brags,“You bet I did,Sean told me two days ago.”Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School,including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip:it can hurt people,it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social pressures in a group. An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked ually,gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said,then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,thing about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story”might have.41.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to ______.A.introduce a topicB.present an argumentC.describe the charactersD.clarify his writing purpose42.An important negative effects of gossip is that it ______.A.breaks up relationshipsB.embarrasses the listenerC.spreads information aroundD.causes unpleasant experiences43.In the author's opinion,many people like to gossip because it ______.A.gives them a feeling of pleasureB.helps them to make more friendsC.makes them better at telling storiesD.enables them to meet important people44.Professor David Wilson think that gossip can ______.A.provide students with written rulesB.help people watch their own behaviorsC.force school to improve student handbooksD.attract the police’s attention to group behaviors45.What advice does the author give in the passage?A.Never become a gossiperB.Stay away from gossipersC.Don’t let gossip turn into liesD.Think twice before you gossip.。