汉英分类词汇航空发动机类型Aero-Engine Models超高涵比发动机ultra high bypass engine超音速冲压喷气发动机scramjet engine冲压喷气发动机ram-jet engine带推力转向系统的发动机engine with thrust deflector system带自由涡轮双轴涡轮轴喷气发动机twin-spool turbo-shaft with free-power turbine单轴涡轮喷气发动机single-spool turbo-jet engine低涵比发动机low bypass turbofan反向旋转发动机contra-rotation engine高涵比发动机high bypass turbofan后风扇涡轮喷气发动机aft fan turbo-jet engine 活塞式发动机piston(-and-cylinder) engine // piston-driven engine桨扇发动机prop-fan engine离心涡轮喷气发动机centrifugal turbo-jet engine 脉冲喷气发动机pulse jet engine前风扇涡轮喷气发动机front fan turbo-jet engine 燃气轮机gas turbine engine三轴桨扇发动机three-shaft prop-fan engine三轴涡轮前风扇涡轮发动机triple-spool front fan turbo-jet双轴外涵涡轮喷气发动机twin-spool by-pass turbo-jet双轴涡轮风扇发动机twin-spool turbo-fan engine 同向旋转发动机co-rotation engine外骨架发动机exo-skeletal engine涡轮冲压喷气发动机turbo/ram jet engine涡轮风扇发动机turbofan engine涡轮火箭发动机turbo-rocket engine涡轮螺旋桨发动机turboprop engine涡轮喷气发动机turbojet engine涡轮轴发动机turbo-shaft engine轴流涡轮喷气发动机axial flow turbo-jet engine 型面profile型面座标图aerofoil ordinate chart型式form轴流式压气机axial (flow) compressor函道duct函道比by-pass函道风扇ducted-fan中介机匣intermediate case燕尾形样dovetail root叶片vane（一般指静子叶片）压气机compressor压气机机匣compressor case效率efficiency压气机盘compressor disc压缩比compression ratio牙底root涡轮导向器turbine nozzle涡轮盘turbine disc燃烧室burner // combustion chamber //combustor燃烧室外套combustion outer case燃油导管discharge nozzle燃油滤fuel filter燃油喷咀fuel atomizer // fuel spray nozzle燃油消耗量fuel consumption火焰筒liner扩散器机匣diffuse case加力燃烧室afterburner航空发动机叶片术语Terms of Aero-Engine Airfoils叶片类型Type of Airfoils动叶blade // bucket静叶vane空心叶片hollow blade // core blade实心叶片solid blade涡轮导向器turbine nozzles涡轮导向器扇形段turbine nozzle segment涡轮导向器叶片turbine nozzle vane // nozzleguide vane (ngv)涡轮工作叶片turbine blade // bucket涡轮静子叶片turbine nozzle vane // nozzle guidevane (ngv)涡轮叶轮turbine wheel涡轮叶片turbine blades & vanes // buckets涡轮转子叶片turbine blade // bucket压气机定子叶片compressor vane // vane压气机工作叶片compressor blade // blade压气机叶轮compressor impeller // compressorwheel压气机叶片compressor blades & vanes压气机整流叶片compressor vane // vane压气机转子叶片compressor blade // blade叶片的结构特点Characteristics of Airfoil Structure283基体部分base榫头tip // cog // fir-tree // root // tenon叶根blade root // root // vane tang叶冠shroud // tip platform // tip shroud叶身blade body叶型部分aerofoil // profile缘板platform // shroud叶片的主要名称Key Terms of Airfoil Body基体base进气边/前缘leading edge理论叶型theoretical developed airfoil/profile排气边/后缘trailing edge // exhaust edge弦chord型线airfoil curve叶背blade back // convex side // blade convex叶盆blade basin // vane basin // blade/vane concave叶片阻尼台blade damper // clapper // mid-span 叶身blade body叶型公差airfoil tolerance叶型理论airfoil theory叶型剖面airfoil section中弧线airfoil mean line工装Tooling标准件master piece // standard part // tool master 标准块master block // reference block测具gauge // measuring fixture // measuring tool 测头feeler // gauge head measuring head // stylus 车床夹具lathe fixture车刀lathe tool// cutter// turning tool吊具lifting tool夹具fixture饺孔夹具reaming fixture // reaming jig孔位置度测具hole true position gauge拉刀broach (Bro.) // broaching cutter拉削夹具broaching fixture刨削夹具planner fixture钳工工具bench-work tool丝套insert // thread insert丝锥taper // (screwing）tap镗刀boring cutter镗杆boring bar (B/bar) // boring spindle镗孔夹具boring fixture // boring jig铣槽工具grooving tool铣床夹具milling jig铣床铣槽刀milling machine // miller铣铣槽刀刀milling cutter // milling tool铣削夹具milling fixture钻铰刀drill reamer钻铰复合刀具combined drill and reamer钻具jig钻孔铰孔夹具drilling and tapping fixture钻孔样板drill template （DRT）// drillingtemplate钻模(drill) jig钻模板drill plate （DRP）钻模与夹具jigs and fixtures钻套jig bush钻套jig bush(ing)钻头bit // drill // drilling bit机械加工术语Terms for Machining半精加工semi-finishing // semifinishingmachining插slotting车turning车床lathe// turning machine车床研磨lathe lapping车端面facing车螺纹thread turning车螺纹/螺纹加工thread/threading车削turning车削螺纹cut thread成形法forming冲头blanking ram // piercer // punch // ram head //slider冲压(punch) pressing冲压加工stamping冲压件pressing //stamping穿孔/套孔trepan/trepanning粗加工roughing machining锉file倒角deburr // chamfer倒角/去毛刺deburr(ing)倒棱chamfer电解抛光electrochemical polishing // electrolyticpolishing // electro-polishing电解蚀刻与抛光electrolytic etching andpolishing调整法machining on preset machine tool定位locating // location对刀to size // tool setting仿形法copying夹紧clamping饺reaming饺孔reaming饺孔机reaming machine饺孔钻reamer drill饺铆钉孔ream a rivet hole284精加工finishing // finish machining锯sawing锯背back of the saw锯槽kerf锯齿serration锯齿铣sawtooth milling拉削broaching冷装shrinkage fitting铆rivet(ing)铆钉rivet磨床grind // grinding machine磨端面face grinding磨料abraser // abrasive material // grinding compound磨削加工abrasive machining抛polish抛光buffing // burning // polish (Pol.)刨planing// shapering刨槽fillister // slot shaping刨齿gear shaper cutting // gear-shaping刨床planer // planing machine// shaper刨削shaping去毛刺deburring // fin cutting镗boring镗车两用机床boring lathe镗床borer // boring machine镗孔boring // borizing （金刚石）镗磨联合机床combined boring and honing machine镗钻两用机床boring and drilling machine铣mill // milling铣槽slot milling铣镗床milling-borer // milling and boring machine铣钻联合机床combined drill and mill machine铣钻两用机床milling and drilling machine旋spin旋锻spin forging // rotary forging // rotary swaging旋锻机spin forging machine // rotary forging machine // rotary swaging machine旋压spinning旋压成型stretch planishing // spin forming压装press fitting研lapping研齿gear lapping研磨lapping找正aligning // to center align装夹set-up装配assembly钻drill(ing)钻床drilling machine钻孔drilling钻埋头孔countersink表面处理（镀层、涂漆和金属喷镀）Surface treatment（Plating，Paining & Metal sparying）涂层不良imperfectly coated spots涂层过厚thickening涂层凸起lifting of the coating, protrusion, orlifting冲压Punch尺寸检验dimension inspecting基准datum技术条件technical condition加工fabricate夹clamping夹紧面clamping surface夹具fixture钻孔drill钻头drill图纸及工艺规程常用词汇EverydayVocabularies on Working Drawings &W.P.S尺scale尺寸dimension // size尺寸单向极限single of size尺寸过大oversize尺寸过小undersize尺寸极限limit of size尺寸最大极限maximum of size尺寸最大余量极限maximum metal of size尺寸最小极限minimum of size齿根root处理treatment吹砂blast // abrasive blasting垂直度perpendicularity // squareness垂直度公差squareness tolerance单位燃油消耗量specific fuel consumption单位压力unit pressure单位装配件assembly unit单向公差unilateral tolerance单向公差域bilateral tolerance zone氮化nitriding当量equivalent挡块stop285刀柄holder刀杆cutter bar刀痕scar // tool mark等离子喷镀plasma spray等值equivalent低压压气机LP compressor地面试车ground run典型加工typical operation防锈rust protection // rust proof仿形copy仿形铣床copying milling machine // duplicator 仿型加工form machine高速钢high speed steel高速工具钢high speed tool steel高温合金high temperature alloy高压压气机HP compressor根root根切undercut公差tolerance公差带tolerance band公称尺寸nominal size功能function功能尺寸function dimension功能要求functional requirement构造尺寸constructional dimension固定fasten固定工具fastening tool故障defect // blemish // failure // fault // imperfection // trouble故障分析trouble shooting关键零件critical part观点view过盈interference过盈配合interference fit过载overload互换性interchangeability互换性组件interchangeable assembly花键splined shaft花键轴splined shaft火裂fire cracks机床machine (tool)机匣case // casing基本尺寸base dimension // basic size基本公差basic tolerance基本数basic member基本锥体basic taper基孔制hole basis limit system基线basic line基轴制shaft basis基轴制shaft basis limit system基准data // reference基准尺寸datum dimension基准点datum point基准件basic member基准角basic angle基准面datum face // datum plane基准线datum line // zero line基准叶片master vane几何公差geometrical tolerance几何精度accuracy geometrical加工制造fabricate夹紧fastening夹具clamping apparatus // dogging tool // fixture// holding device // jig检验装置checker节径pitch diameter精度accuracy // precision精锻precision forging精加工finishing精磨precision ground精确长度exact length精调fine adjustment // accurate adjustment//precision adjustment孔bore // hole框flame拉床broacher // broaching machine拉刀broacher拉销broach离心式压气机centrifugal compressor离心铸造centrispum casting iron立式车床vertical lathe立式钻床upright drill螺母nut螺栓bolt名义尺寸base size // nominal size内径inner diameter内裂internal crack内外函发动机by-pass engine内应力internal stress内圆磨床internal grinding machine耐磨性resistance to wear耐热钢heat resisting steel耐热合金heat-resisting啮合mesh啮合线action line扭转twisting排气边trailing edge排气喷口exhaust nozzle盘disc抛光polishing抛光机polisher // burnishing wheel刨平plane泡疤blister配合fit // matching // mating286配合等级classes of fit // grade of fit配合间隙class of fit配合类型types of fit配合容差fitting allowance配合直径snap diameter配合制system of fits配件mating piece喷口nozzle喷丸peening // shot-blasting喷丸处理shot peening喷雾器atomizer喷嘴nozzle批生产mass production疲劳断裂fatigue fracture匹配matching片sheet偏心的eccentric偏心距eccentric distance偏心轮eccentric偏心套eccentric bushing偏心轴eccentric axis偏心装置eccentric偏移deviation漆paint切断parting切面cutting切切削深度depth of cut切头cropping切削cut切削工具cutter切削加工machining轻合金light alloy轻微的slight清楚的clear清理cleaning清漆层不好poorly varnished film区域zone曲度curve曲面curved surface曲线curve屈服yield屈服点yield point屈服强度yield strength屈服应力proof stress // yield stress缺口敏感性notch sensitivity缺陷blemish // defect // failure // fault // imperfection热脆性red shortness热裂hot crack热裂纹clink热损heat waste容差allowance熔化smelt (ing)蠕变creep设计design设计草图rough plan设计尺寸design size设计角design angle伸长elongation伸长率elongation失速stall（飞机）湿吹砂vapour blast时间表schedule时效ag(e)ing时效处理seasoning识别号identification number实际尺寸actual size实际有效直径virtual effective diameter式样form // manner事故accident // failure视图view试车test run // trial run试件test piece试验examine // test试验参数test data试样coupon // (test) sample // test specimen试样长度sample释放release手册manual手段means寿命limit of life数number数据data数量quantity说明书description // specification榫头root调正adjustment调质improvement跳动量runout凸起overfill凸台boss凸缘collar // flange图scheme图板drawing board图号drawing number图形机体feature图样draft // drawing图纸drawing (sheet)图纸比例drawing scale图纸技术要求drawing call-out涂层不良imperfectly coated spots涂层过厚thickening涂层凸起lifting of the coating, protrusion, or lifting287涂漆paint推荐尺寸preferred size推力thrust推力比thrust ratio椭圆度ovality外部检查visual inspection外函道by-pass duct外螺纹external screw thread外形outline外圆磨床circular grinding machine位置location位置公差positional tolerance蜗杆worm蜗轮work wheel卧式钻镗床horizontal boring & drilling machine 误差error习惯表示法conventional representation铣床milling machine铣刀milling现场site // spot相当的equivalent相应值equivalent消除应力stress relieved // stress released消耗consumption销钉pin销孔bore // pin hole销子pin斜度angularity (tolerance)压板clamp (plate)氩弧焊argon-arc welding应变strain应变时效strain ageing应力stress应力腐蚀裂纹stress corrosion crack应力消除stress relieving应力-应变曲线stress strain curve应力-应变图stress strain diagram圆度circularity // roundness圆滑smoothness圆心center of circle圆柱度cylindricity直径diameter制度system制造manufacture质量quality质量验收标准quality acceptance standard中心距center distance中心孔center hole轴shaft轴承bearing轴线axis轴线axis主喷咀main nozzle铸造casting铸造组织casting iron structure专门技术know-how专门铣床planomilling machine专用工具special tool专用工装special tooling专用设备special purpose machine专用铣床production machine转换reset转子叶片blade装备device装夹mount装配assembly // mount装配车间assembling shop // assembly shop //erecting shop // fitting shop装配间隙fit clearance装配件assembly装配图assembly drawing // erection drawing装箱退火close annealing装置device锥齿轮bevel gear锥度taper锥螺纹taper thread锥面conical surface锥体slow object // taper总尺寸外形尺寸overall dimension总体布置图general layout总装车间assembly department总装件assembly // general assembly总装图general layout组合件joint组件assembly组装件sub assembly钻drill钻床drill machine钻具jig钻孔drill钻套drill jig bush钻头号drill number最大长度max length最大间隙major clearance最大推力full thrust // top thrust最大直径major diameter最小长度min length最小间隙minor clearance最小直径minor diameter缺陷解释Interpretation of Defects凹陷undercutting （在母材上沿焊接边的沟槽或288充填不足）变形deformation （在加工时未能保持住形状不变或与相邻部有不顺滑转接）电解腐蚀electrolytic action（不同金属间的电蚀作用造成的缺陷）断裂fracture（受力过大造成的破坏）开裂flaw外贸常用词语和术语Everyday Vocabularies of Foreign Trade询盘Inquiry把某物交付给某人to deliver sth to sb把询价记录在卷to keep the inquiry on file办理交货to effect delivery // to make delivery还盘Counter Offer还盘counter offer享有盛誉enjoy great popularity与某人达成交易conclude business with sb.达成交易close business // close a deal // close atransaction // close a bargain价格Price成本加保险费运费价cost, insurance & freight(C.I.F.)成本加运费价cost & freight (CFR)船上交货free on board (F.O.B)底价floor price货币currency价格偏低on the low side价格条件price terms廉价出售 a bargain sale市场价market price讨价还价bargain为某事拼命讨价还价drive a hard bargain oversth.与某人成交make a bargain with sb最低价rock-bottom price289290。