神经病学常用医学名词Aabsence seizure :失神发作acalculia :失算[症]acute disseminated encephalomyelitis :急性播散性脑脊髓炎adiadochokinesia :轮替动作不能Adie syndrome : 埃迪综合征adrenoleukodystrophy : 肾上腺脑白质营养不良adversive seizure :旋转性发作ageusia :味觉缺失agnosia :失认[症] agraphia :失写[症]akinesia :运动不能akinetic mutism:运动不能性缄默[症] akinetic seizure :无动性发作Alexander disease :亚历山大病alexia :失读[症] allochesthesia :感觉定位不能allochiria :感觉定侧不能Alpers disease :阿尔珀斯病Alstrom—Hallgren syndrome : 阿尔斯特伦—海尔格伦综合征alternate hemiplegia :交替性瘫痪Alzheimer disease : 阿尔茨海默病amnesia : 遗忘[症] amusia :失乐感[症]amyotonia :肌张力缺失amyotrophic lateral sclerosis :肌萎缩侧索硬化amyotrophy :肌萎缩analgesia :痛觉缺失anarthria :构音不全anesthesia :感觉缺失anesthesia dolorosa :痛性感觉缺失ankle clonus :踝阵挛anosognosia :病感失认[症]anterior cross bulbar syndrome :延髓前交叉综合征anterograde amnesia : 顺行性遗忘Anton syndrome : 安东综合征apathetic dementia :淡漠性痴呆Apert syndrome : 阿佩尔综合征aphasia : 失语[症] apraxia :失用[症]aprosody :失语韵[症] arachnoiditis :蛛网膜炎areflexia :反射消失Arnold—Chiari malformation : 阿诺德—基亚里畸形arrhigosis :冷觉缺失ascending myelitis :上升性脊髓炎associated movement :联合运动astasia abasia :站立行走不能astatic seizure :起立不能发作asterixis :扑翼样震颤asynergia :协同动作不能ataxia :共济失调ataxic gait :共济失调步态athetosis :手足徐动症atonia :张力缺失atonic seizure :失张力发作atopognosia :位置失认[症] atypical absence seizure :非典型失神发作auditory agnosia :听觉失认[症]auditory evoked potential , AEP : 听觉诱发电位aura :先兆auriculo—temporal syndrome :耳颞综合征automatism:自动症autotopagnosia :自身部位失认[症]Avellis syndrome : 阿韦利斯综合征BBabinski sign : 巴宾斯基征Babinski—Nageotte syndrome : 巴宾斯基—纳若特综合征background activity :背景活动Bailey—Cushing syndrome :贝利—库欣综合征Balint syndrome :巴林特综合征ballism:投掷症Balo disease :巴洛病,又称“同心圆性硬化”(concentric sclerosis)baragnosis :重量失认[症]Barrépyramidal sign : 巴雷锥体束征Bechterew sign : 别赫捷列夫征Becker muscular dystrophy : 贝克肌营养不良Beevor sign :比弗征Benedikt syndrome : 贝内迪克特综合征Bielschowsky—Jansky disease :比—扬病Binswanger disease :宾斯旺格病,又称“进行性白质脑病”Bornholm disease : 博恩霍尔姆病bradykinesia :运动徐缓bradylalia :言语徐缓brain death : 脑死亡brainstem auditory evoked potential ,BAEP :脑干听觉诱发电位Brown—Séquard syndrome :布朗—塞卡尔综合征Brudzinski sign :布鲁津斯基征Bruns syndrome :布伦斯综合征bulbar paralysis , bulbar palsy:延髓性麻痹burst suppression :爆发抑制CCaisson disease :凯松病carnitine deficiency :肉[毒]碱缺乏病carpal tunnel syndrome :腕管综合征carpopedal spasm:腕足痉挛cataplexy :猝倒[症] central core disease :中央轴空病central pontine myelinolysis :脑桥中央髓鞘溶解cerebral embolism:脑栓塞cerebral hemorrhage :脑出血cerebral infarction :脑梗死cerebral ischemia :脑缺血cerebral malacia :脑软化cerebral palsy :大脑性瘫痪cerebral thrombosis :脑血栓形成cervical rigidity :颈强直Chaddock sign :查多克征Charcot2Marie2Tooth disease :夏科—马里—图思病chondrodystrophic myotonia :软骨营养不良性肌强直chorea :舞蹈症choreoathetosis :舞蹈徐动症Claude syndrome :克洛德综合征clonic seizure :阵挛发作clonus :阵挛cluster headache :丛集性头痛coaxial needle electrode :同轴针电极cognitive event related potential :认知性事件相关电位cogwheel rigidity :齿轮样强直Collet—Sicard syndrome : 科莱—西卡尔综合征coma :昏迷complete stroke :完全性[脑]卒中complex partial seizure :复杂部分发作congenital amyotonia :先天性肌张力缺失congenital myotonia :先天性肌强直conjugate deviation :同向偏斜constructional apraxia :结构性失用[症]contingent negative variation :伴随负电位,又称“伴随负变化”convergence spasm:辐辏痉挛convulsion :惊厥corrdination synkinesia :协调性联带运动cough syncope , tussive syncope :咳嗽晕厥cramp :痛性痉挛Creutzfeldt2Jakob disease :克罗伊茨费尔特--雅各布病,又称“痉挛性假性硬化”crossed paralysis :交叉性瘫痪cubital tunnel syndrome :肘管综合征DDandy2Walker syndrome :丹迪2沃克综合征decorticate rigidity :去皮质强直decrement response :递减反应Dejerine2Klumpke syndrome : 德热里纳2克隆普克综合征Dejerine2Roussy syndrome :德热里纳2鲁西综合征Dejerine2Sottas disease :德热里纳2索塔斯dementia :痴呆dementia agitata :激越性痴呆demyelination :脱髓鞘denervation potential :去神经电位depth electroencephalogram:深部脑电图depth electroencephalography :深部脑电图学diencephalosis :间脑病diplegia :双侧瘫痪distal latency :远端潜伏期dizziness :头晕drop attack :跌倒发作drunken gait :酒醉步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy : 迪谢内肌营养不良Duchenne—Erb syndrome :迪谢内—埃尔布综合征dysarthria :构音困难dysarthria2clumsy hand syndrome :构音困难手笨拙综合征dysdiadochokinesia :轮替运动困难dysesthesia :感觉迟钝dysgeusia :味觉障碍dysgraphia :书写困难dyskinesia :运动障碍dyslalia : 言语困难dyslexia :诵读困难dysmetria :辨距困难dysmyotonia :肌张力障碍dyspraxia :运用障碍dyssynergia :协同动作障碍dystonia :张力失常dystonia musculorum deformans : 畸形性肌张力障碍Eelectrocorticogram:脑皮层电图electrocorticography :脑皮层电图学electroencephalogram:脑电图electroencephalography :脑电图学electromyelography :脊髓电图学electromyogram:肌电图electromyography , EMG:肌电图学electroneurography :神经电图学electrothalamogram:丘脑电图encephalitis :脑炎encephalomyelitis :脑脊髓炎encephalopathy :脑病end plate noise :终板噪声end plate potential :终板电位ependymitis :室管膜炎epilepsy :癫痫epileptic seizure :癫痫发作epileptiform pattern :癫痫样波型essential tremor :特发性震颤event related potential , ERP:事件相关电位Ffacial tic :面肌抽搐,又称“面肌痉挛” fasciculation :肌束震颤Fazio—Londe syndrome : 法齐奥—隆德综合征fecal incontinence :大便失禁festination :慌张步态fibrillation :肌纤维震颤flaccid hemiplegia :松弛性偏瘫flaccid paralysis :松弛性瘫痪flash visual evoked potential :闪光视觉诱发电位focal epilepsy :局限型癫痫Foville syndrome :福维尔综合征Friedreich ataxia :弗里德赖希共济失调F—wave :F 波神经病学常用医学名词(四)GGarcin syndrome :加桑综合征gaze paralysis :凝视瘫痪generalized epilepsy :全身型癫痫generalized seizure :全身发作Gerstmann syndrome :格斯特曼综合征giant cell arteritis :巨细胞动脉炎giant motor unit action potential :巨大运动单位动作电位global amnesia , total amnesia : 完全性遗忘Gordon sign :戈登征grand mal :大发作graphanesthesia :皮肤书写觉缺失Guillain—Barrésyndrome :吉兰—巴雷综合征HH reflex :H反射Hallervorden—Spatz disease : 哈勒沃登—施帕茨病headache :头痛hemianesthesia :偏侧感觉缺失hemiatrophy :偏侧萎缩hemiballismus :偏侧投掷症hemichorea :偏侧舞蹈症hemifacial spasm:偏侧面肌痉挛hemihypertrophy :偏侧肥大hemiparesis :轻偏瘫hemiplegia :偏瘫hemiplegic gait :偏瘫步态hereditary cerebellar ataxia :遗传性小脑共济失调Hoffmann sign :霍夫曼征Horner syndrome :霍纳综合征Hunt disease : 亨特病Huntington disease :亨廷顿病hypalgesia :痛觉减退hyperalgesia :痛觉过敏hyperhidrosis :多汗hyperkinesia :运动过度hyperostosis frontalis interna :额骨内板增生症hyperpathia :痛觉过度hyperreflexia :反射亢进hypersexuality :性欲亢进hypersomnia :睡眠过度hypertonia :张力过高hypesthesia :感觉减退hypogeusia :味觉减退hypohidrosis :少汗hypokinesia :运动减少hyporeflexia :反射减弱hypothalamic syndrome :下丘脑综合征hypotonia :张力过低hypsarrhythmia :高度节律失调Iideational apraxia :观念性失用[症] ideokinetic apraxia :观念运动性失用[症]idiopathic epilepsy :特发性癫痫imitative synkinesia :模仿性联带运动incontinence :失禁incoordination :动作失调injury potential :损伤电位intentional tremor :意向性震颤internuclear ophthalmoplegia : 核间性眼肌瘫痪intracranial venous thrombosis :颅内静脉血栓形成Isaac syndrome :艾萨克综合征JJackson epilepsy :杰克逊癫痫Jackson syndrome :杰克逊综合征jargon aphasia :杂乱性失语[症] jitter :颤抖Joseph disease :约瑟夫病jugular foramen syndrome :颈静脉孔综合征KKearns—Sayre syndrome :卡恩斯—塞尔综合征Kernig sign :凯尔尼格征kinetic tremor :动作性震颤Klippel—Feil disease :克利佩尔—费尔病Kocher—Debré—Semelaignésyndrome : 科克—德布雷—塞梅莱涅综合征Krabbe disease :克拉伯病Kufs disease :库夫斯病Kugelberg—Welander disease :库格尔贝格—韦兰德病Kuru disease :库鲁病LLafora disease :拉福拉病Lambert—Eaton syndrome :兰伯特—伊顿综合征Landry paralysis :兰德里瘫痪laryngeal crisis :喉危象Lasègue sign :拉塞格征late response :迟发反应Leber disease :莱伯病Leigh disease :利氏病Leri sign :莱里征lethargy :嗜睡leukoencephalitis :白质脑炎Lhermitte sign :莱尔米特征locked2in syndrome :闭锁综合征Luft disease :勒夫特病luxury perfusion syndrome :过度灌注综合征MMacEwen sign :麦克尤恩征Marinesco—Sjogren syndrome : 马里内斯科—舍格伦综合征Mayer sign : 迈耶征McArdle disease :麦卡德尔病megaconial myopathy :大锥状颗粒肌病meningism:假性脑[脊]膜炎meningitis :脑[脊]膜炎meningoencephalitis :脑膜脑炎meningomyelitis :脊膜脊髓炎Menkes disease :门克斯病又称“钢发综合征(steely hair syndrome) ”metachromatic leukodystrophy :异染性脑白质营养不良micturition syncope :排尿晕厥migraine :偏头痛Millard—Gubler syndrome : 米亚尔—居布勒综合征mirror writing :镜像书写mitochondrial myopathy :线粒体肌病Mollaret meningitis :莫拉雷脑[脊]膜炎monoballismus :单肢投掷症mononeuritis :单神经炎monoplegia :单瘫Moro reflex :莫罗反射motor aphasia :运动性失语[症] motor apraxia :运动性失用[症]motor nerve conduction velocity :运动神经传导速度motor unit action potential :运动单位动作电位motor unit potential :运动单位电位multilead electrode :多导电极multiple sclerosis :多发性硬化multiple spike and slow wave complex :多棘慢复合波muscular hypertrophy :肌肥大myalgia :肌痛myasthenia :肌无力myasthenia gravis :重症肌无力myelitis :脊髓炎myelopathy :脊髓病myoclonic epilepsy :肌阵挛型癫痫myoclonic seizure :肌阵挛发作myoclonus :肌阵挛myokymia :肌纤维颤搐myopathy :肌病myositis :肌炎myositis ossificans :骨化性肌炎myotonia :肌强直myotonia atrophica :萎缩性肌强直myotonic potential :肌强直电位myotubular myopathy :肌管性肌病M—wave :M波Nnarcolepsy :发作性睡病nascent motor unit action potential :新生运动单位动作电位nasopharyngeal electrode :鼻咽电极necrotic myelitis :坏死性脊髓炎needle electrode :针电极nemaline myopathy , rod myopathy :线状体肌病,又称“棒状体肌病”neuralgia :神经痛neuritis :神经炎neurology :神经病学neuromyositis :神经肌炎neuromyotonia :神经性肌强直neuropathy :神经病nodding spasm , spasmus nutans :点头痉挛nominal aphasia :命名性失语[症] Nothnagel sign :诺特纳格尔征Nothnagel syndrome :诺特纳格尔综合征nuclear ophthalmoplegia :核性眼肌瘫痪nystagmus :眼震Oocular bobbing :眼球浮动oculocephalogyric reflex :头眼反射oculogyric crisis :眼动危象oculogyric spasm:旋眼痉挛olivopontocerebellar atrophy :橄榄体脑桥小脑萎缩Oppenheim sign :奥本海姆征optical neuromyelitis :视神经脊髓炎orbicularis sign :眼轮匝肌征Ppalatal myoclonus :软腭阵挛pallanesthesia :振动觉缺失palmomental reflex :掌颏反射palsy , paralysis :麻痹,瘫痪paraesthesia :感觉异常parageusia :味觉倒错paralexia :错读[症] paramyotonia :副肌强直paraparesis :轻截瘫paraphasia :错语[症] paraplegia :截瘫parasomnia :深眠状态paresis :轻瘫Parinaud syndrome :帕里诺综合征Parkinson disease :帕金森病,又称“震颤麻痹” partial seizure :部分发作patellar clonus :髌阵挛Pelizaeus—Merzbacher disease :佩利措伊斯—梅茨巴赫病,简称“佩—梅病”pendular reflex :钟摆样反射periodic paralysis :周期性瘫痪petit mal :小发作phantom limb :幻肢phantom sensation :幻感觉phantom spike and slow wave complex :幻影棘慢复合波photo convulsive response :光惊厥反应photo myoclonic response :光肌阵挛反应photo paroxysm response :光阵发反应Pick disease :皮克病pill rolling tremor :捻丸样震颤planotopokinesia :空间定位障碍polymyoclonus :多肌阵挛polymyositis :多肌炎polyneuritis :多神经炎polyneuropathy :多神经病polyradiculitis :多神经根炎positive sharp wave :正尖波postinfectious encephalomyelitis : 感染后脑脊髓炎postvaccinal encephalomyelitis :疫苗接种后脑脊髓炎primary lateral sclerosis :原发性侧索硬化progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy :进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy :进行性肌营养不良progressive spinal muscular atrophy :进行性脊髓性肌萎缩progressive stroke :进行性[脑]卒中pronation sign :旋前征prosopagnosia :面容失认[症] pseudoataxia :假[性]共济失调pseudoathetosis :假[性]手足徐动症pseudobulbar paralysis , pseudobulbar palsy :假[性]延髓性麻痹pseudohypertrophy :假[性]肥大pseudomyotonia :假性肌强直psychogenic headache :心因性头痛psychomotor epilepsy :精神运动型癫痫pyramidal sign :锥体束征Qquadriplegia :四肢瘫痪Queckenstedt test :奎肯施泰特试验(简称奎氏试验)Rradiculitis :神经根炎Raymond Cestan syndrome :蕾蒙·塞斯唐综合征reflex epilepsy :反射性癫痫Refsum disease :雷夫叙姆病restless leg syndrome :下肢不宁综合征retrograde amnesia :逆行性遗忘reverse steal phenomenon :反盗血现象reversible ischemic attack :可逆性脑缺血发作rhythm:节律μ—rhythm:μ节律rigidity :强直Riley—Day syndrome :赖利—戴综合征Romberg sign :龙贝格征Rossolimo sign :罗索利莫征SSantavuori disease :桑塔沃里病Schilder disease :希尔德病,又称“弥漫性硬化(diffuse sclerosis) ”Schmidt syndrome :施密特综合征sciatica , ischialgia :坐骨神经痛Seitelberger disease :赛特贝格病sensory aphasia :感觉性失语[症] sensory nerve conduction velocity :感觉神经传导速度sharp and slow wave complex , sharp andwave complex :尖慢复合波sharp wave :尖波Shy—Drager syndrome :夏伊—德雷格综合征simple partial seizure :简单部分发作single fiber electromyography :单纤维肌电图学skew deviation :反向偏斜somatosensory evoked potential , SEP:躯体感觉诱发电位spasm:痉挛spasmodic torticollis :痉挛性斜颈spastic ataxic gait :痉挛性共济失调步态spastic gait :痉挛步态spastic hemiplegia :痉挛性偏瘫spasticity :痉挛状态spastic paralysis :痉挛性瘫痪spastic synkinesia :痉挛性联带运动sphenoidal electrode :蝶骨电极spike and slow wave complex , spike andwave complex :棘慢复合波spike wave :棘波spinal evoked potential :脊髓诱发电位static tremor :静止性震颤status epilepticus :癫痫持续状态steal phenomenon :盗血现象steppage gait :跨阈步态stereoanesthesia :立体觉缺失stiff man syndrome :僵人综合征stroke , apoplexy : [脑]卒中Sturge—Weber syndrome :斯特奇—韦伯综合征subacute combined sclerosis :亚急性联合硬化subacute sclerosing panencephalitis , SSPE:亚急性硬化性全脑炎subclavian steal syndrome :锁骨下动脉盗血综合征supranuclear ophthalmoplegia :核上性眼肌瘫痪synkinesia :联带运动syringobulbia :延髓空洞症syringomyelia :脊髓空洞症Ttactile agnosia :触觉失认[症] Tangier disease :丹吉尔病Tapia syndrome :塔皮亚综合征tarsal tunnel syndrome :跗管综合征temporal epilepsy :颞叶癫痫tension headache :紧张性头痛thalamic syndrome :丘脑综合征thermanesthesia :温度觉缺失thermohyperesthesia :温度觉过敏thermohypesthesia :温度觉减退thigmanesthesia :触觉缺失thoracic outlet syndrome :胸出口综合征tic :抽搐Todd paralysis :托德瘫痪Tolosa Hunt syndrome :托洛萨—亨特综合征,又称“痛性眼肌麻痹”tonic clonic seizure :强直阵挛发作tonic reflex :强直反射tonic seizure :强直发作topoanesthesia :定位觉缺失torsion dysmyotonia :扭转性肌张力障碍transcortical motor aphasia :经皮质运动性失语[症]transcortical sensory aphasia :经皮质感觉性失语[症]transient ischemic attack :短暂性脑缺血发作transient wave :一过性波transverse myelitis :横贯性脊髓炎tremor :震颤triphasic wave :三相波trismus :牙关紧闭Uurinary incontinence :尿失禁Vvegetative state :植物状态vertebro—basilar artery insufficiency :椎基底动脉供血不足vestibule—ocular reflex :前庭眼反射visual evoked potential , VEP:视觉诱发电位visual—spatial agnosia :视空间觉失认[症]Vogt syndrome :福格特综合征WWallenberg syndrome :瓦伦贝格综合征α2wave :α波β2wave :β波δ2wave :δ波θ2wave :θ波Weber syndrome :韦伯综合征Werdnig—Hoffmann disease :韦德尼希—霍夫曼病,又称“婴儿型脊髓性肌萎缩”Wernicke disease :韦尼克病Wernicke encephalopathy :韦尼克脑病Wernicke syndrome :韦尼克综合征Wernicke—Korsakoff syndrome :韦尼克—科尔萨科夫综合征。