2014-2018年高考英语语法填空考点一、派生名词：①But for tourists like me, pandas are its top attract ion (attract). (2016全国I)②This switch has decreased pollut ion (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinkingwater safer for people. (2018全国II)③This development was only possible with the introduc tion (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.(2017全国II)④Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achieve ment (achieve). (2016全国II)⑤In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ab ility(able) to “aircondition” a house without using ( use) electric equipment. (2015全国II)⑥I’m a scien tist (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. (2018全国III)⑦She is determined to carry on with her educat ion (educate). (2017全国III)⑧Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the develop ment (develop) of chopsticks. (2016全国III)⑨Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and therise in weigh t (weigh) problems. (2018浙江)二、代词：A人称代词：代替上文的名词、人称代词主格变宾格、人称代词变物主代词或反身代词1. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhapswe should all give it a try. (指代running) (2018全国I)2. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 peoplewere using it every day. (代替railway) (2017全国II)3. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive. (2018全国III)4. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by its (it) mother. (替代上文的twin且表物主) (2016全国I)5. A few hours before / earlier, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its (it) choking smog. (代替上文的HongKong且表物主) (2015全国I)6. Then the driver stoop up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the busshouted, “Oh dear. It is me / mine (I)”. (代替上文的anyone) (2014全国II)7. Many westerners who / that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize howcheap it can be to eat out. (形式主语，代替不定式短语) (2018浙江)8. Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt myself(I),”says Pahlsson. (2017浙江)B. 关系代词与定语从句（考查重点）(代替先行词在从句中作主语)1. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that / which showed a mere five to 10minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause). (代替先行词study) (2018全国I)2. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both (fat and salt), which is not good for the health. (代替主句中的have too much of both) (2017全国I)3. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters ofthe Li River that/ which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings (painting). (代替前面的mountain tops and dark waters) (2015全国I)4. Maybe you have a habit that / which is driving your family crazy. (2014全国I)6. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started (start) asoil-testing program that / which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. (2018全国II)7. But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove (prove) that she has brainsas well as beauty. (2017全国III)8. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the development (develop) of chopsticks. (2016全国III)9. Many westerners who / that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize howcheap it can be to eat out. (2018浙江)C. 连接代词I’m not sure which is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. (引出名词从句，表确定范围的选择) (2018全国III)三、形容词：1. Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic (energy). (2018全国I)2. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption. (2018全国II)3. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the loudest (loud) of all. (2018全国III)4. … eating out once or twice a week may be affordable (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even higher (high) cost on your health. (2018浙江)5. Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. … However, be careful (care) not to go to extremes. (2017全国I)6. The central London Railway was one of the most successful (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. (2017全国II)7. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a shiny/shining(shine) object. (2017浙江)8. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater (great) and less importance. (2016全国II)9. As natural (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. (2015全国II)10. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner (clean) thanever. … Just be patient (patience). (2014全国I)四、副词：1. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer (long) than non-runners. (2018全国I)2. A taste for meat is actually (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. (2018全国II)3. Steam engines were used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. (2017全国II)4. It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. (2017全国III)5. Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “she thought I had hurt myself (I),” says Pahlsson. Sixteen years earlier (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook (cook) a meal. … Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. (2017浙江)6. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be officially (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (2016全国I)7. Recent studies (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly (regular). (2016全国II)8. Over time, when / as the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which gradually (gradual) turned into chopsticks. (2016全国III)9. A few hours before / earlier, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its (it) choking smog. … Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. (2015全国I)10. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. (2015全国II)11. The river was so polluted that it actually (actual) caught fire and burned. (2014全国I)12. And the passengers suddenly (sudden) became friendly to one another. (2014全国II)13. As natural (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. (2015全国II)五、非谓语动词1. You don't have to run fast or for long to see (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and stillreduce your risk of dying(die) early by running. … To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018全国I)2. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process (process) the food that we eat, torecover from injury and for several other bodily functions.… Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. (2017全国I)3. … But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the firstWestern TV reporter permitted (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include introducing (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. (2016全国I)4. … A study of travelers conducted (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10destinations in the world. … Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. (2015全国I)5. … It took years of work to reduce (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. … While there areamazing (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. (2014全国I)6. … The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve (improve) water quality. …China’s approach to protecting its environment while feeding(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen V oegele. (2018全国II)7. This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017全国II)8. … If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely to bring (bring) your workhome. (2016全国II)9. The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired byeven the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability (able) to “air condition” a house without using (use) electric equipment. …When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night. (2015全国II)10. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about being(be) late for school ... There were manypeople waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint). (I)heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused to stop (stop) until we reached the next stop.Still, the boy kept riding (ride). … (2014全国II)11. … I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feelchallenged (challenge). … Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to stay (stay) and watch.(2018全国III)12. … But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting (rest). … But Sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. … (2017全国III)13. … Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal to create (create) special designs. … Peopleprobably cooked their food in large pots, using (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. … (2016全国III)14. … I still remember visiting (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt shehadn’t cooked once in all that time. … While regularly eating out seems to have become (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. … (2018浙江)15. … Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook (cook) a meal.… Pahlsson and herhusband now think the ring probably got swept (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden … (2017浙江)六、动词时态1. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. (2018全国I)2. … When fat and salt are removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. … Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt…. (2017全国I)3. So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I was allowed (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. … (2016全国I)4. It was raining lightly when I arrived (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. … Yangshuo is (be) really beautiful. … (2015全国I)5. In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River, Cleveland, Ohio. It was (be) unimaginable that itcould ever be cleaned up. … (2014全国I)6. Since 2011, the country has grown (grow) more corn than rice. … The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started (start) a soil-testing program which / that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by7.7 million tons. … (2018全国II) 7. … Steam engines were used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. … Later, engineers managed (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. (2017全国II)8. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is (be) often acceptable. …It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, make (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. (2016全国II)9. … This cycle goes (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. (2015全国II)10. … A boy on a bike caught (catch) my attention. … Then the driver stoop up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” (2014全国II)11. … True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal meant (mean) me no real harm. … (2018全国III)12. … Sarah was told (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. … Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes (come) first. …” (2017全国III)13. … Truly elegant chopsticks might be made (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. … Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were (be) too violent for use at the table. … (2016全国III) 14. … I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. … (2018浙江)15. … Pahlsson and her husband searched (search) the kitchen, checking every corner. but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it. … (2017浙江)2016-2018年各种时态考点分布(重点)2014-2015年全国卷I-III各种时态考点分布(重点)七、近几年高考语法填空试题中的部分长句：全国I卷①. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that / which showed a mere five to 10minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. (2018)②. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, hashad some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. (2017)③. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the firstWestern TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016)④. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here forpeople living in Shanghai and Hong Kong. (2015)⑤. While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require alot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. (2014)全国II卷①. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil-testingprogram that / which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. (2018)②. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as theytravelled to and from work. (2017)③. It could be anything —gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, make sure it’s a relief fromdaily stress rather than another thing to worry about. (2016)④. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” ahouse without using electric equipment. … As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. (2015)⑤. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused to stop until we reached the next stop.(2014)其它卷①. But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well asbeauty. (2017全国III)②. Over time, as / when the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would coo k morequickly. (2016全国III)③. Many westerners who / that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize howcheap it can be to eat out. (2018浙江)。