2021届高中英语总复习小题必练（新高考）：定语从句考点透视考点1关系代词（2020·山东卷）The 80,000 objects collected bySir Hans Sloane, for example,formed the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759. 【答案】which/that【解析】考查连词。

根据空格前的先行词the British Museum与空格后的谓语动词opened，判断此处为定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。

【点拨】1. 限制性定语从句中, 只用that不用which的情况(1)先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none 等不定代词时。

(2)先行词被the only, any, few, no, very等修饰时。

(3)先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。

(4)先行词既有人也有物时。

(5)主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

2. 只用which不用that的情况(1)关系代词前有介词时。

(2)引导非限制性定语从句时。

3. 引导非限制性定语从句的as与which考点2 关系副词（2020·全国I卷）China first had to put a satellite in orbit abovethe moon in a spot it could send signals to the spacecraft and toEarth.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。

分析句子可知，从句“it could send signals to the spacecraft and toEarth”不缺主谓宾，缺状语，而先行词spot为地点，故填where。

【点拨】关系副词与关系代词的易混点：若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situation, point,stage, position, part, condition, case等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。

如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。

考点突破一、单句语法填空1. He is the only person in his company ___________ is invited to the party.2. Do you know the reason________ she refused the invitation?3. We are living in an age___________ the society develops rapidly.4. Inancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.5. On the edge of thejacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.6．This woman has set a good example to her son, _________is a really lucky guy. 7．Over the years, I have met some interesting people.Two of the most interesting people were two elderly sisters，Joan and Bernice，____________way of talking about people inspired me.8.The shelter,____________is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at Bangkok’snight market，has become an attractionitself.9.The old man turnedhis business over to his younger son, ____________made his elder sondiscouraged.10. I will neverforget such a beautiful village ____________I spent my childhood with mygrandparents.11. There they metpeople from other parts of the country, ____________had also volunteered tohelp.12.Bob is in ahopeless situation，____________we willkeep a very close eye on.13.Take an active partin the activities you enjoy ____________ you can make many friends.14.Those who canachieve high grades in class tend to be weak in handling some practicalproblems，____________is often thecase.15. Having tea inthe late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, ____________might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.二、单项选择16. Many lessons arenow available online, from __________ students can choose for free.A. whoseB.whichC. whenD. whom17. Dr. Rowan,__________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.A. whoseB.of whomC. of whichD.which18. A man with ableeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I canget some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what19. She says thatshe’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in ourcompany.A. whichB. whenC.howD. where20. We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance ofcoming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that21. Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world areon the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD.when22. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______his employees enjoy their work.A. whereB.whichC. whenD.who23.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those________ lives were affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. whom24. Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC.whoseD.her25. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seekopportunities abroad.A. whichB. whoseC.whoD. why26. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that27. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. itsC.whoseD. whom28. Many young people, most _________were well-educated, headed forremote regions to chase their dreams.A. of whichB.of themC. of whomD.of those答案及解析一、单句语法填空【答案】that【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。

句意：他是他公司里唯一一个被邀请参加聚会的人。

分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词person，且先行词前有the only 修饰，所以填that。

【答案】why【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。

句意：你知道她拒绝邀请的理由吗？分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the reason，且定语从句中缺少原因状语，所以填why。

【答案】when【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。

句意：我们生活在一个社会快速发展的时代。

分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是an age，且定语从句中缺少时间状语，所以填when。