√ A is (n+1) times as heavy/great/tall/wide/bright/long as B 3 A 比B 增多了n倍 A increase(ed) by (n+1) times compared with B

4 A 的（能量）是B的N倍 A +is +N times +B


(2) 在大规模培养(mass culture)时，轮 虫(rotifer)种群生长会出现滞后期，人们 往往朝培养液中添加营养物质，这是非 常有效的。 Nutritional substance is most effective when added to rotifer cultures fluid at the lag phase of growth in mass culture.


(2) 冬眠动物保存能量的习性胜过不冬眠 的动物。 Animals ______ practice energy conservation to a greater extent than those____



2.7 The use of inversion (1) 后来，微型计算机发展起来了。 Then ____________of the micro-computer. (2)这样管中就此产生了或多或少的稳定的水流。 There _________in this way a more or less steady stream of water through the pipe.



(3) 它只是星际空间的一块岩石，受火星 引力作用而被吸引住，并沿着轨道环绕 火星运动。 It is a space rock captured and held in orbit by the gravity force of Mars.

(4) 大家都知道，人体能产生微弱的磁场。 Weak magnetic fields are known to come from the human body.

2.8 The Translation of Numeral 1)A 比B 多 N 倍数 A is （N+1） times more than B
2) A 比 B （重，大，高，宽，亮，长。。。） n倍


√A is (n+1) times+
heavier/greater/taller/wider/brighter/longer than B
(5) 我们知道，卡路里(calorie)是指食物 供给身体的热量单位。


(6) 为了取代那些燃料，我们应较多利用 太阳能与风能来提供电力、热能和运输 的动力。

√It is believed that.. √It is considered that…



2.3 Nominalization (行文简洁，表达客观，内容确切，负载 信息量大) 1)电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物 体的图像。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.

2)在无模型的情况下进行试验。 The test is ____without____. 3) 大气中的臭氧层保护地球免受太阳的 有害辐射。 ____in the atmosphere protects earth from ______.




4）悬浮液是一种混合物，如果让它静止， 它就会发生分离。 ____is a _____that will____ if left to stand. 5)流沙的运动与太阳上的自然爆炸存在 共性。 There are ____between _____and ______on the sun.
3 About Abstract

关于科技论文摘要的语言特点：(P254)
（1）The author（or writer）of this article（paper、 dissertation、thesis）reviews（discusses、tries to describe、explores、deal with、summarizes、gives an account of、etc.）something… （2）The aim（purpose、objective）of this article is to determine（explore、review）sth…




√The present perfect tense 9.11恐怖分子的袭击对全球经济产生深 刻的影响。 The September 11 terrorist attacks have caused great impact on the global economy.




1) 表层的粒子数比表壳下的粒子数多2倍 2) 这一距离比前者长7倍 3)一个人在月球上所能举起的重物要比他在地 球上所能举起的最重的物体重5 倍。 4）车祸比六十年代增多了1.5倍。 5) 撞击强度（the intensity of the impact)是动 量变化( momentum change)的11倍。

(3) 当今世界科学技术正在迅速发展。 The modern world is experiencing ________of science and technology.



2.6 The use of adverbial/attributive clause (to make original meaning clearer and more specific to the readers) (1) 电能通过输电线送到需要的地方。 Through Power lines, electricity power goes ______. (adverbial clause)


2.5 Conversion of Part of Speech (1)新型液晶的特点是工作温度范围广， 工作电压低和可靠性。 The new liquid crystals ____wide working temperature, low operation voltage and high reliability.
(2)地球完成一次自传需要23小时56分4 秒多。



2.4.2符合英语国家人的思维习惯 (1)人们对这种情况有各种各样的描述， 有的说是 “好心的遗忘”,有的说是 “逃避现实的疗法”。 This condition has been described as anything from “merciful loss of memory” to “escapist therapy”.
√The past tense 在古代 ,人们认为地球是宇宙的中心。 In ancient times, people thought that the earth was the center of the universe
2.2 passive voice (1) 自动生产线工作正常。 The automatic production line is found in proper operation. (2)自从采用数控以来，生产效率大大提高了。 Since numerical control was applied to machine tools, the productivity has been raised greatly.

2.4 The confirmation of Subject 遵循三个习惯 √符合英语国家人的语言习惯 √符合英语国家人的思维习惯 √主语必须符合句中的逻辑关系

2.4.1符合英语国家人的语言习惯 (1)在这个季节经常有雨。 It rains a lot during this season
2 Translation of sentences

2.1 Tense


√ Present tense
(1)声音以光波的形式在空气中传播。 Sound travels through the air in waves. √ Future tense (2)电子产品在不远的将来将会越来越普及。 Electronic products will become more and more popular in the near future.


2.4.3 √主语必须符合句中的逻辑关系 (1)比目鱼的营养价值和经济价值高，生长快， 适应于养殖环境，是颇有养殖前景的鱼类。 The turbot shows considerable promise as a species for marine culture because of its high value nutritionally and economically, rapid growth rate and ready adaptation to the fish farm environment.


(2) 随着大规模集成电路的出现，电子工 业在60年代取得了巨大的进展。 ______saw the great advance in electronics industry with the emergence of the large-scale integrated circu菌的碳的 释放量有可能大于林木的吸收量，地球 会加速变暖。 Around 2050, ______released from the soil by bacteria would be greater than the amount soaked up by trees, and ____would be accelerated.