出众教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号 001本次课学习内容：Unit 1 LifestylesLesson 1 A perfect day1. 一般现在时主要用于表示人、事物现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.他通常每天早上7点钟去上班。
The earth goes around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
表示永恒的真理，即使过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.我在小学就知道地球围绕太阳转。
在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，一般现在时可以代替一般将来时。
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.如果他接受了这份工作，不久就会赚更多的钱。
在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
在the more… the more… (越．．．．．．越．．．．．．)句型中，若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.你学习越用功，成绩就越好。
2. 现在进行时的基本用法： a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you. b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。
) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer. d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.典型例题 My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it. A. has lost, don't findB. is missing, don't findC. has lost, haven't foundD. is missing, haven't found. 答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。
Unit 1 LifestylesLesson 4 City or country一、难句解疑1. That’s what people call the underground in London. (the tube) 就是人们对伦敦地铁的叫法。
句中what引导的从句为表语从句。
What 在从句中作从句的宾语，the underground in London 为从句的宾语补足语，what 在这里的意思为“……的”例：1) This is what I want to tell you. 这就是我要告诉你的事。
2）China is not what it used to be. 中国已经是今非昔比了。
2. Usually it’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.通常地铁和拥挤，很难找到座位。
句中so…that为连词，引导结果状语从句。
请注意：1. so+形容词/副词2. so+形容词+a(an)+名词 3. so+ many / few / little / much+ 名词。
so…that 还可以引导目的状语从句，引导目的状语从句时，从句谓语动词常有情态动词，如：can / could, will / would, may / might。
例：1）He works so hard that he often forgets to eat and sleep.他工作很努力，以至于经常忘记吃饭睡觉。
2）He is so good a teacher that all his students like him very much.他是一位好老师，他的学生都喜欢他。
3）He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤，以致浑身青一块紫一块。
3. I need to do that because I don’t get enough exercise otherwise.因为每天运动量不够，我需要增加些运动。
句中otherwise 为副词，意思为“否则，不然”。
Otherwise 还有“除此以外”的意思。
例：楼上有些音乐声，除此以外，房子里静悄悄的。
4. We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and gowalking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.我喜欢去那些远离城市、幽静、风光秀丽的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方漫步。
句中where为连词，引导地点状语从句，修饰动词go。
例：1) Sit where I can see you.坐在我能看到你的地方。
2）We should go where we are needed most.我们应该去最需要我们的地方。
5. After a big breakfast in my house, I walk out of the front door andI’, already at work.饱餐一顿早饭之后，我走出家门，开始一天的工作。
句中be at work 意思为“在工作”。
介词at在这里表示“处于……状态”。
例：The country is now at war.这个国家正在打仗。
I felt at a disadvantage. 我觉得处于不利地位。
6. We don’t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们的工作时间和在办公室工作的人们不同。
句中that为关系代词，引导一个定语从句，修饰名词hours，在从句中作宾语。
有时我们也用as 代替that。
the same …that 更强调同一事物。
例：This is the same man that asked me for money yesterday.那个人就是昨天向我要钱的人。
7.This meal included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.这顿饭有蛋糕和三明治，用茶来把事物送下去。
句中wash down 的意思为“用水等吞送（食物等）”。
wash down还有“冲洗，流下”的意思。
例：The soil has washed down into the valley.泥土被冲入了山谷。
8. In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have startedfrom these coffeehouses.事实上，人们认为伦敦证券交易所的前身就是这些咖啡馆。
这句话等于In fact, people believe the London Stock Exchange has started from these coffeehouses. 在be believed后面跟动词不定式，to have started 为不定式的完成式。
常用句型有It is said/ expected/reported等+动词不定式。
例：Tom is believed to be the child they looking for.人们认为汤姆就是他们要找的那个孩子。
The vase is believed to be worth a lot of money.人们相信这个花瓶价值连城。
Languages points:1. That’s what people call …He’s a new comer. That’s what I know about him.That’s how… That’s why… That’s where…2. …it’s so crowded that I can’t find …so …that…引导结果状语从句,如此…以至于…Anna works so hard that she has little time for rest.Tommy got up so late that he missed the first bus.3. I spend all morning checking numbers.spend some time doing sth. 花费时间做――I spend two hours doing my homework everyday.4. We don’t have the same work hour that office workers in the city have. that引导的从句表示的内容与主句所讲的是“同一”That’s the same purse that I bought last Sunday.对比 That’s the same purse as I bought last Sunday. (同我丢失的那个一样，但不是同一个)5. Right now I am studying by distance learning.distance learning 远程教育6. …it’s my dream to see the Great Wall …不定式to see the Great Wall作真正的主语，前面的it是形式主语。