新课标高中英语词汇和短语详解总表一、基本词汇1.a (an) art. 一(个,件…)2. abandon v.抛弃,舍弃,放弃abandon oneself to沉缅于, 陷入He abandoned himself to despair.他自暴自弃。
近义词：be quit of摆脱, 脱离, 免除家quit hold of撒手放开quit love with hate以怨报德, 恩将仇报反义词：maintain vt.保持;维持3. ability n. 能力;才能-ties能力;本领;才能We found him work more suited to his abilities.我们为他找到了更容易发挥他才能的工作。
to the best of one's ability竭尽全力disability n.无力, 无能, 残疾inability n. 无能, 无力4. able a. 能够;有能力的be able to do近义词be capable of doingI'm quite capable of taking care of myself.我完全有能力照顾自己。
5. abnormal a. 反常的,变态的an abnormal phenomenon反常现象家unnatural adj.不自然的;异常的;不合自然规律的6.aboard prep. 上(船,飞机,火车,汽车等)1)go aboard.上船[飞机,车]=go aboard the plane;2)All aboard!;请上船[飞机,车]7.abolish v. 废除,废止,近义词cancel,exterminate,put an end to;反义词establish8. about ad.大约;到处;prep.关于;在各处;四处;be about to do sth正要做某事9. above adj.上面的, 上述的, 上文的,prep.在…上面在...上方, 过于, 超出1).above all首先;尤其;最重要的是;2) above oneself过于自信,自负3)be above sth不易受到..., 不屑于, 超出...4)from above自高处, 自上级5) above and beyond大于; 多于; 远于10.abroad adv. 到国外，去国外11. abrupt突然的, 陡峭的, 生硬的; 不连贯的an abrupt turn急转弯an abrupt descent陡峭的斜坡in an abrupt manner无礼的态度an abrupt entrance闯入12.absent不在的, 缺席的, 缺少的,absence n.1)be absent from 不在的; 没有出席2)Long absent, soon forgotten.[谚]别久情疏。
3)absent oneself from缺席, 不在13. absolute完全的, 绝对的14. absorb吸收, 吸引1)be absorbed by被...吞并, 为..所吸收2)be absorbed in全神贯注在...,一心从事,热衷于3)absorb sb.'s attention吸引某人注意15.abstract摘要, 概要, 抽象; 抽象的;非具体1)to make an abstract of把...的要点摘录下来2)abstract noun抽象名词3)in the abstract抽象地, 观念上, 理论上的16. absurd荒谬的, 可笑的17. abundant丰富的, 充裕的, 丰富, 盛产, 富于be abundant in=be rich in盛产18. abuse滥用, 虐待, 辱骂19. academic教学的;学术的人文学科的,学院的20. Academy(高等)专科院校, 研究院, 学会, 学术团体, 学院21. accelerate加速, 促进,He decided to accelerate his advertising.22. accent重音, 口音, 重音符23. accept接受, 认可, 承担,24. access通路, 访问, 入门access to接近,通向25. accessible易接近的, 可到达的, 易受影响的,an accessible person温和的人;An open minded person is accessible toreasons. 虚心的人易于服理。
26. accident意外事件, 事故,by accident偶然, by no accident决非偶然27. accommodation住处, 膳宿,book accommodation at a hotel向旅馆预定房间28. accompany陪伴, 伴奏She accompanied me to the doctor's.她陪我去看了医生。
29. accomplish完成, 达到, 实现;to accomplish a purpose/one's object/one'smission达到目的/使命30. account计算, 帐目, 说明, 估计, 理由on account of因为;由于account for解释;说明：take into account=To take into consideration;allow for.考虑;顾及31. accountant会计(员), 会计师;32. accumulate积聚, 堆积He accumulated a good library.他积累了丰富的藏书。
33. accuracy精确性, 正确度34. accurate正确的, 精确的35.accuse控告, 谴责, 非难accuse sb. of ...指控某人...36. accustomed通常的, 习惯的,按照风俗习惯的;be accustomed to doing习惯于;accustom oneself to使自己习惯于;养成..的习惯第1 页共42 页37. ache n.&v.某部位疼痛38. achieve vt. 达到,取得39. achievement n. 成就,成绩,功绩40. acid a. 酸的41. acknowledge v. 承认I acknowledge the truth of his statement.我承认他说的是事实.be acknowledged to be…被公认为是It is universally acknowledged that大家认为42.acquaintance n. 熟人,(与某人)认识I have no acquaintance with this book.我不熟悉这本书.I have some acquaintance with English.我稍懂些英语,。
43. acquire v. 获得,得到44. acquisition n. 获得,得到45. acre n. 英亩46. across prep. 横过,穿过47. act n. 法令,条例v. (戏)表演,48. 扮演(角色),演出(戏);行动,做事49. action n. 行动Actions are more important than words.做比说更重要。
50. active a. 积极的,主动的51. activity n. 活动52. actor n. 男演员53. actress n. 女演员54. actual a. 实际的; 现实的55. acute a.十分严重的,(病)急性的;敏锐的56.AD n. 公元57.ad (缩) =advertisement n.广告58. adapt v. 使适应,适合,改编;be adapted from根据...改写[改编];adapt oneself to使自己适应或习惯于某事;adapt sth. to使某事物适应或适合adaptation n. 适应,改编本59.add vt.添加,增加60.addicted a.上瘾,成瘾,入迷使...成瘾, 热中于addict oneself to沉溺于, 醉心于be addicted to嗜好,热中;sth is addictive易上瘾61. addition n.增加;(算数用语)加62. address n. 地址63. adequate a. 合适的,合乎需要的64. adjust v.调整,调节,适应,习惯,adjust oneself to...使自己适应于65. adjustable adj.可调整的66. adjustment n. 调整,适应make adjustment to适应67.administration n.管理,行政部门68.admirable a.值得赞赏的,可钦佩的69.admire v. 钦佩;羡慕admire sb for sth70.admission n. 准入, 接纳obtain/gain admission to获准进入;Admission by ticket only.凭票入场。
71.admit vt. ~tted承认,准许(入场,入学,入会) admit of no other explanation不容许有其他解释; His illness admits of no delay.他的病不容拖延。
admit doing sth.承认做…72.adolescence n. 青春,青春期73.adolescent n. 青少年74.adopt v. 收养,领养75.adore v. (不用于进行时)热爱,爱慕某人adore doing sth非常喜欢做76.adult n. 成年人77.advance v. 推进,促进;前进78.advantage n. 优点; 好处79.adventure n. 冒险; 奇遇80.advertise vt. 为…做广告81.advertisement n. 广告;advertising.n.广告业, 广告(不可数)82. advice n. 忠告,劝告,建议83. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议advise doing;advise sb to do,84. advocate v. 拥护,支持,提倡advocate doing sth85.aeroplane n. (英)飞机86.affair n. 事,事情affairs of state国务;foreign affairs外交事务87. affect vt. 影响88. affection n. 喜爱,钟爱set/fix one's affection on sb.钟情于某人;have an affection for深爱着89. afford vt. 负担得起(…的费用); 抽得出(时间);提供can't afford to do90. afraid a. 害怕的;担心91. Africa * n. 非洲92. African a. 非洲的,非洲人的n. 非洲人93. after ad. 在后;后来prep. 在…之后;在后面conj. 在…以后94. afternoon n. 下午,午后95. afterward(s) ad. 后来96. again ad. 再一次;再,又97. against prep. 对着,反对be against sth.违反, 无视, 不顾98. age n. 年龄;时代at the age of99. agency n. 代理机构by100.agenda n. (会议)议程表,议事日程,place /put sth. on the agenda把某事提到日程上来101.agent n. 代理人,经济人a travel agent旅行代理商;a travel agent旅行代理商102.aggression n. 侵略103.aggressive a. 侵略的;咄咄逼人.aggressive weapons攻击性武器;be aggressive.生性好斗第2 页共42 页104. ago ad. 以前105. agree v. 同意;应允106. agreement n. 同意,一致;协定,协议107. agricultural a. 农业的108. agriculture n. 农业,农学109. ahead ad. 在前,向前110. aid n. 援助;救护;辅助器具111. AIDS n. 艾滋病112. aim n.目的;目标v. 计划,打算;瞄准;针对113. air n. 空气;大气114. aircraft n. 飞机(单复数同)115. airline n. 航空公司;航空系统116. airmail n. 航空邮件117. airplane n. (美)飞机118. airport n. 航空站,飞机场119. airspace n.领空,(某国的)空域120. alarm n. 警报121. album n. 相册,影集,集邮簿122. alcohol n. 含酒精饮料,酒逗乐123. allergic ]过敏的, 患过敏症的be allergic to penicillin对青霉素过敏124. allocate vt.(常与to连用)分配; 配给.allocate the money分好这笔钱。