GrammarTeaching aims:1. Revise the simple present tense, the present continuous tense, the simple past tense, the past continuous tense and the present perfect tense.2. Sum up the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. Teaching procedures:Step 1 RevisionTranslate the following sentences and tell what tense is used in each sentence.1. 他总是设法独自做每一件事。
He always manages to do everything by himself. (时态：一般现在时)2. 宇航员们目前为下一次飞行做准备。
The astronauts are preparing for the next flight at present.(时态：现在进行时)3. 在返回地球的途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，失去了控制。
On their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. (时态：一般过去时)4. 那一刻，全世界都在等待着向他们问候。
At that moment, the whole world was waiting to greet them. (时态：过去进行时) 5. 在太空中，阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的命令。
In space, Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short.(时态：一般过去时)6. 因为他的出色表现，迄今他已经被授予了五个奖项。
Because of his excellent service, he has been presented five awards so far.(时态：现在完成时)Step 2 Simple present tense and present continuous1. Simple presentUsed for:1. a present statee.g. John lives in New York.2. daily routine and habitse.g. I always go to bed at 140 p.m.3. present actions that happen one after anothere.g. School is over and the students go home.4. actions set by a timetable or schedulee.g. The talk show starts at 7 p.m.2. Present continuousUsed for:1. actions that happen right nowe.g. Look! The reporter is interviewing the astronaut.2. actions that happen at the same timee.g. Mum is doing the housework and Dad is working on the computer.3. actions in a limited period of timee.g. I am working on a history project this week.4. arrangements for the near futuree.g. I am leaving for Shanghai tonight.e.g. I often go to school at 7 a.m.我经常七点上学。
He is watching TV.他正在看电视。
I like collecting stamps.我喜欢集邮。
This month, they are preparing for the exam.这个月他们正在准备考试。
3. Millie is writing about what her family members are doing. Help her complete her article with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.I (1) _______ (have) a day out with my classmates this Saturday, so I (2) ____ (need) a pair of trainers. Mum (3) _________ (shop) online for me now. She often (4) _____ (shop) online. Dad (5) __________ (search) for information on the Internet. He (6) _______ (visit) Japan next week. Grandpa (7) ________ (read) the newspaper and Grandma (8) _________ (watch) TV. I (9) _____ (want) to write an email to Wendy before I (10) ____ (go) to bed.Keys: will have, need, is shopping, shops, is searching,will visit, is reading, is watching, want, goStep 3 Simple past tense and past continuous1. Simple pastUsed for:1. Actions that happened in the past.e.g. Simon played football yesterday.2. Actions that happened one after another in the past.e.g. Simon came home, turned on the computer and checked his email.2. Past continuousUsed for:1. actions that were in progress at a certain time in the paste.g. Yesterday at 4 p.m., Simon was playing football.2. actions that happened at the same time in the paste.g. Simon was playing computer games while Millie was watching TV.3. actions that lasted for some time in the paste.g. We were having a meeting from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. yesterday.e.g.Two months ago, I flew to London with my mother.两个月前，我和妈妈一起坐飞机到伦敦。
She was reading while her mother was talking on the phone.当她妈妈在打电话时，她在看书。
She was shopping at 10 a.m. yesterday.昨天上午十点时她正在购物。
3. Simon and his friends are talking about what they did after dinner last night. Complete their conversation with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. Simon: I (1) ____________ (watch) a wonderful football match from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. yesterday. My favorite team (2) _____ (win) the match.Millie: I (3) __________ (write) an email to Wendy at 7 p.m. yesterday. She (4) ____ (send) me an email last week.Sandy: I (5) _____________ (practise) playing the piano the whole night. I (6) ____ (take) part in a competition this morning.Peter: Last night, I (7) ______ (find) a website about travelling in space. I (8) ___________ (read) passages on the website while you (9) ___________ (play) the piano, Sandy.Daniel: I (10) __________ (talk) to Aunt Jane on the phone at 7:30 yesterday evening. She (11) ______ (call) me the day before yesterday, but I (12) _______ (be not) at home then.Keys: was watching, won, was writing, sent, was practising, took,found, was reading, were playing, was talking, called, was notStep 4 Simple past and present perfect1. Simple pastUsed for:1. actions that happened in the paste.g. I bought a new bicycle yesterday.2. actions that happened at a certain time in the paste.g. Kitty wrote an email to Linda an hour ago.2. Present perfectUsed for:1. emphasizing the result of a past actione.g. I have bought a new bicycle, so I can ride to school now.2. telling how many times an action has happened till nowe.g. She has been to the USA twice.3. Durative and non-durative verbse.g. I lived in Sunshine Town three years ago.（一般过去时不强调现在的情况）我三年前住在阳光镇。