C. having opened D. opened
简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定 语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定 语从句“which was opened last year”代替。
. The first textbooks ____ for teaching
. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ onlyDto people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known
2. What’s the language ___ in Germany?
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. be spoken D. to speak
简析: 该题应选B。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动,等于定语从句 which is spoken。
3. Most of the artists ____ to the party
they would like to see _______ the
next year.
A. carry out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing
were from South Africa.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited D. had been invited
The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
English as a foreign language came out
in the 16th century.
A.
having written B. to be written C.
being written D. written
简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置 定语表达被动,等于定语从句which were written。
(2) He is retired. 他已退休。
过去分词作定语
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是 它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表 被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表 完成。
1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰 的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们 必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
非谓语
过去分词作表语 过去分词作定语 过去分词作状语 过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作表语
1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被 动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示 完成。
(1) The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是 主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。
非谓语动词的用法讲解 ：
过去分词的用法
非谓语
谓语or非谓语?
1.Tom came in the classroomho,_ld_i_n_____(hold) a
book in his hand.
g
2. Tom came in the classroom anhde_ld_______(hold)
A leave / send B left / to send
C left / send
D leaving / send
作介词but ,expect ,besides 的宾语，前 面又有实意动词 do时，不定式通常省去to
have nothing to do but do sth.
2. The manager discussed the plan that
a book in his hand.
3.Tom who h_e_l_d_____(hold) a book in his hand
came in the classroom. 4.Tom came in the classroom but hfoergot
________(forget) to take the textbook.
解析：答案D。know与words，expressions ，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表 示被动。
过去分词作状语
1. 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。 (1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因为写
得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
【注意】written 为过去分词作状语，表示这篇文章是被写 的，而且已经被写。 值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源 于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分 词及短语常见的有： lost （迷路）； seated （坐）； hidden （躲）； stationed （驻扎）； lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）； born （出身于）； dressed in （穿着）； tired of （厌烦）。
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词 之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁， 多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行 的音乐会大为成功。
There seemed to be nothing _C__to do but ___for the doctor .