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直译与意译问题

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直译LITERAL TRANS 意译FREE TRANS 直译意译兼用LITERAL + FREE 直译加注释LITERAL + NOTE 释义性翻译EXPLAINING
直译LITERALTRANS
直译指在翻译过程中按原文逐字逐句一对一的翻译(word-forword translation)。 直译能传达原文意义,忠实原文形式。
(3)回国以后送给朋友。做得多精细啊! A:Return country after present friends. Made how delicate!
B:I’ll give them to my friends when I go home. Aren’t they delicately made?
(5)It was an old and ragged moon. A:那是一个又老又破的月亮。 B:这是一弯下弦残月。
(6)Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.
A:当一名教师意味着是创造的见证人,他目睹人体开始呼吸。
【改译】 Before I fell ill, my parents doted on me a lot. I could have my way at home. Once I was isolated and confined in a chamber on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.
【意译1】这是冬天里一个寒冷的一天。 【意译2】这是的寒冷一天。 【意译3】这是一个寒冷的冬日。
2) She liked to be with him better than with others.
【直译1】她喜欢和他在一起,并不那样喜欢和别人在一起。 【直译2】她喜欢和他在一起,胜过和别人在一起。 【直译3】和他在一起,比和别人在一起,是她更加喜欢的。 【意译1】她觉得跟他比跟别人在一起更开心。 【意译2】她觉得跟他在一起比跟谁都开心。 【意译3】她觉得跟他在一起最开心了。 【意译4】她觉得最开心的事,就是跟他在一起。 【意译5】她喜欢跟他在一起,(因为)那是最开心的事。
(4)Every atom of your flesh is as dear to me as my own; in pain and sickness it would still be dear.
A:你的肉中的每一个原子,对我来说,都像我自己的一样亲;它即 使在病痛中,仍然是亲的。
B:在我看来,你身上的每一个细胞都像我自己的细胞一样亲;即使 你痛苦你生病,也还是一样亲。
意译 FREE TRANS
意译 是指根据将于安稳的意思完整地表达,要求达意传神 (sense-for sense translation)。意译更能够体现出本民族的语 言特征。例如习语、诗词、成语等的翻译,常常通过意译来达 到“信、达、雅”。
1) It was a cold winter day. 【直译】这是一个寒冷的冬天。
1. 对牛弹琴 2. 竭泽而渔 3. 易如反掌 4. 口蜜腹剑 5. 井底之蛙 6. 史无前例 7. 两败俱伤
1.To play the lute to a cow. 2.To drain a pond to catch all the fish 3.To be as easy as turning over one’s hand 4.To be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 5.To be like a frog at the bottom of a well 6.To be without precedent in history 7.Both sides suffer./ Both sides would be
B:当一名教师就意味着目睹上帝造人的过程,目睹用泥土捏成的人 体开始呼吸。
【2003年TEM8汉译英试题】
得病以前,我受父母的宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上的 一幢小房子里,我顿感打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来。
【考生】Before I illed, my parents spoiled me, I was very autocratical(专横的)at home, but now isolated, I was custodied in a small house in the garden hill, suddenly, I felt very cold like in the ice house, very sad.
直译决非死译。 死译是翻译时是以词为单位进行考虑的,力求 翻译目标语的每一个词都能与原语中的词绝对对等,这是一种 “对号入座”式的翻译
下各例译文A均为典型的死译: (1)橱窗里摆着的是什么东西?
A:Shop window in displayed is what thing? B:What’s that in the shop window? (2)好是很好,可是买这么多扇子干什么呀? A:Good is very good,but buy so many fans do what? B: It is good, but why do you buy so many fans?
直译与意译
Literal and Free
GROUP 2
WARM UP
1.浑水摸鱼 2.赴汤蹈火 3.随波逐流 4.缘木求鱼 5.挂羊头,卖狗肉 6.谋事在人,成事在天 7.空中楼阁 8.充耳不闻
1.To fish in troubled water 2.Go through fire and water. 3.To go with the tide 4.Seek a hare in a hen‘s nest 5.Cry up wine and sell vinegar 6.Man proposes, God disposes. 7.Castles in the air 8.Turn a deaf ear to
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