高考考点-------词类转换考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。
从近五年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换主要考查了以下5点：(1)形容词→__________副词。
(2)名词→__________形容词。
(3)动词→__________名词。
(4)名词→__________动词。
(5)名词→__________名词(人)。
现将主要考点归纳如下：1.形容词→副词(高频考点)2.名词→形容词3.动词→__________名词规律总结请写出下列动词的名词形式1+ation expect→__________expectation; present→__________; 注意explain→__________2去e，+ation invite→__________invitation; examine→__________; prepare→__________;注意pronounce→__________3去e，+tion produce→__________production; introduce→__________；注意describe→__________4去e，+ion devote→__________devotion; pollute→__________; contribute→__________;revise→__________; educate→__________5+ion act→__________action; attract→__________; protect→__________; suggest→__________；注意intend→__________discuss→__________discussion; express→__________; possess→__________; impress →__________6去t/d/de，+(s)sion admit→__________admission; permit→__________; extend→__________;conclude→__________; divide→__________7+ance；去e，+ance appear→__________appearance; perform→__________; acquaint→__________;guide→__________8+ence exist→__________existence; prefer→__________; refer→__________; differ→__________;depend→__________9+ment;去e，+ment achieve→__________achievement; agree→__________; announce→__________;develop→__________; encourage→__________10去e，+al arrive→__________arrival; approve→__________; survive→__________;refuse→__________11+ure fail→__________failure; press→__________; depart→__________; mix→__________12+yre cover→__________recovery; discover→__________13其他choose→__________choice; vary→__________; tend→__________; advise→__________;apologize→__________; classify→__________; grow→__________4.名词/形容词→__________动词(写出动词的汉语意思)1后缀en strength→__________strengthen；length→__________lengthen；height→__________heightensoft→__________soften；weak→__________weaken；wide→__________widen；less→__________lessenshort→__________shorten；broad→__________broaden；quick→__________quicken 2前缀en able→__________enable；large→__________enlarge；rich→__________enrich courage→__________encourage；danger→__________endanger；compass→__________encompass5.名词→__________表示人的名词规律总结请写出下列表示人的名词1+er sing→__________singer; teach→__________; strange→__________; village→__________;employ→__________2+or act→__________actor; invent→__________; educate→__________; visit→__________; conduct→__________3+ee employ→__________; interview→__________; pay→__________ absent→__________4+(r)ess act→__________actress; wait→__________; host→__________; steward→__________; 注意god→__________5+ese Japan→__________Japanese; Vietnam→__________；注意China→__________;Burma(缅甸)→__________6+n Asia→__________Asian; America→__________; Australia→__________; India→__________;Korea→__________7(去y或s)+ian music→__________musician; history→__________; library→__________;physics→__________;politics→__________8+ist art→__________artist; novel→__________; tour→__________; 注意cycle→__________;science→__________9+ant assist→__________assistant; account→__________; consult→__________; 注意apply→__________;serve→__________10+ar lie→__________liar; beg→__________(注意拼写)6.动词与形容词的转换规律总结请写出下列动词的形容词形式或形容词的动词形式1+able suit→__________suitable; comfort→__________; reason→__________；注意admire→__________; rely→__________2+ful doubt→__________doubtful; harm→__________; hope→__________; care→__________;use→__________3+ive act→__________active; attract→__________; impress→__________; create→__________4+ary imagine→__________5adj.+en→__________v.deep→__________deepen; wide→__________; less→__________;worse→__________6en+adj.→__________rge→__________enlarge; rich→__________; able→__________;noble→__________7.表示否定的前缀与后缀规律总结请写出与下列单词意义相反或相否定的词语1dis+advantage→__________disadvantage; agree→__________; appear→__________2il/im/in legal→__________illegal; polite→__________; patient→__________; convenient →__________3mis+understand→__________misunderstand; lead→__________; direct→__________; trust→__________4un+able→__________unable; fair→__________; fit →__________; fortunate→__________; usual→__________5+less hope→__________hopeless; end→__________; stain→__________; taste→__________; use→__________考点练习题在下列各句空白处填入所给单词的正确形式。
1. “No, sir. You must also start preparing for the winter if you want to have enough to eat,”the ant said __________ (serious).2. Brazilian officials__________(sincere) hope hosting the games will improve life in Brazil.3. It must take place in a__________(care) controlled environment, under the guidance ofyour doctor.4. However, before I got on the bike, I felt__________(extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off …5. You can imagine how__________(terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed upon me.6.__________ (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.7. If you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a__________(health) rhythm in your life.8. My classmates attended__________(vary) events such as running, high jump and long jump.9. I couldn’t imagine what it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the__________(power) effect the hurricane had on those people.10. We can start the habit by writing summaries and remember to record something__________ (impress) and meaningful.11. I heard that listening to classical music is __________(help) in reducing stress.12. Some think it is __________(convenience) to get in touch with others with thecell-phone…13. There’s clear__________(evident) that people who listen to lively music are livelypeople.14. … more and more students would drop out of school if their personal__________(safe)could not be guaranteed.15. The best speed__________(eat) train their stomachs to expand.16. I had no__________(choose) but to prepare for it, though.17. Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm(重新确认) the __________ (exist) of rules that need to be observed.18. The students use a video game controller to direct its __________(move) in the tank.19. A farmer once organized a __________(compete) between his dog and his rabbit.20. Actually with my __________(confident) building up, I now turn out to be a greatspeaker.21. I went off in search of him in hopes that I could __________(unite) him with his owners.22. Actually, I__________(agree) with you over this matter. I have my own view.23. I am sorry I__________(understand) what you said.24. It was important for you to__________(write) the essay to polish it according to theeditor’s suggestion.25. You will be fined if you smoke in public in Hong Kong because it is__________(legal) todo so.26. In most countries, it is __________(polite) to ask about other people’s income.27. She was taken to hospital suffering from an __________(regular) heartbeat.28. She is not easy to get along with. I find her very cool and__________(friendly).29. If you are__________ (willing) to go, don’t hesitate to say no.30. Many cities in China now have direct or__________(stop) flights to Beijing.31. We must__________(large) our views by reading.32. The audience warmly clapped to welcome the world-famous__________(violin), one ofthe best in the world.33. The boss of the company is a woman, and most of her__________(employ) are alsowomen.34. He has a strong desire to become a__________(music), so he works hard.35. People in China don’t like hugging each other when meeting, which is a common practicein some__________(Europe) countries.36. As the wages were low, there were few__________(apply) for the job.37. We are ready to face any __________(hard).38. Just as the old saying goes,__________(honest) is the best policy.39. They show great__________(anxious) about their retirement allowance.40. I don’t think you are telling me the whole (true) about what happened.考点归纳答案1.形容词→副词规律总结请写出下列形容词的副词形式1一般直接加ly quick→quickly；rude→rudely；wide→widely；real→really；fair→fairly; certain→certainly; careful→carefully; final→finally; polite→politely; high→highly; official→officially; regular→regularly; actual→actually; slow→slowly; sudden→suddenly2辅音字母+y→ily easy→easily；angry→angrily；happy→happily；heavy→heavily；steady→steadily；busy→busily; lucky→luckily；但shy→shyly3ble→bly，tle→tly，ple→ply possible→possibly；probable→probably；terrible→terribly；noble→nobly; comfortable→comfortably; reliable→reliably；gentle→gently;ample→amply;simple→simply 4(个别)去e加ly true→truly; due→duly（按时地）; whole→wholly5以ic结尾加ally basic→basically; classic→classically; magic→magically; optimistic→optimistically; scientific→scientifically; energetic→energetically; 但public→publicly6以ll结尾加yfull→fully（完全地）；dull→dully（迟钝地）2.名词→形容词规律总结请写出下列名词的形容词形式或形容词的名词形式1+al/去e,+al music→musical; person→personal; nation→national; tradition→traditional; centre→central; practice→practical; globe→global; origin→original2ture→tural nature→natural; culture→cultural; agriculture→agricultural; architecture→architectural3ics→ical politics→political; physics→physical; mathematics→mathematical; statistics→statistical4+ern east→eastern; west→western; south→southern; north→northern; southwest→southwestern5+ible access→accessible；注意horror→horrible; terror→terrible6+fulcare→careful; success→successful; power→powerful; peace→peaceful；fruit→fruitful; 注意mercy→merciful; beauty→beautiful7+ish fool→foolish; self→selfish; child→childish8+ousdanger→dangerous；humor→humorous；注意anxiety→anxious; ambition→ambitious; curiosity→curious9ance→ant importance→important; significance→significant; distance→distant; patience→patient10ence→ent absence→absent; silence→silent; difference→different; convenience→convenient11ency→entfluency→fluent; efficiency→efficient; emergency→emergent; urgency→urgent12+ly friend→friendly; time→timely; man→manly; mother→motherly;注意day→daily13ble→bilityable→ability; responsible→responsibility; possible→possibility; flexible→flexibility14+y; 去e，+y;双写，+y health→healthy; sleep→sleepy; difficult→difficulty; noise→noisy; sun→sunny;fog→foggy; ice→icy; greed→greedy; wealth→wealthy15adj.+ness→n.weak→weakness; kind→kindness; ill→illness; sad→sadness；注意happy→happiness16adj. +th→n.warm→warmth; 注意strong→strength; long→length; wide→width; true→truth17ate→acy accurate→accuracy; private→privacy; adequate→adequacy18其他各类free→freedom; wise→wisdom; cruel→cruelty; safe→safety; tire→tiresome; trouble→troublesome; history→historic(al); science→scientific; brave→bravery; short→shortage3.动词→名词规律总结请写出下列动词的名词形式1+ation expect→expectation; present→presentation; 注意explain→explanation2去e，+atio ninvite→invitation; examine→examination; prepare→preparation; 注意pronounce→pronunciation3去e，+tion produce→production; introduce→introduction; 注意describe→description 4去e，+ion devote→devotion; pollute→pollution; contribute→contribution; revise→revision; educate→education5+ion act→action; attract→attraction; protect→protection; suggest→suggestion；注意intend→intentiondiscuss→discussion; express→expression; possess→possession; impress→impression6去t/d/de，+(s)sion admit→admission; permit→permission; extend→extension; conclude→conclusion; divide→division7+ance；去e，+ance appear→appearance; perform→performance; acquaint→acquaintance; guide→guidance8+enceexist→existence; prefer→preference; refer→reference; differ→difference; depend→dependence9+ment；去e，+ment achieve→achievement; agree→agreement; announce→announcement; develop→development; encourage→encouragement10去e，+alarrive→arrival; approve→approval; survive→survival; refuse→refusal11+ure fail→failure; press→pressure; depart→departure; mix→mixture12+yre cover→recovery; discover→discovery13其他choose→choice; vary→variety; tend→tendency; advise→advice; apologize→apology; classify→classification; grow→growth4.名词/形容词→动词1后缀en加强；延长；提高；软化；削弱；加宽；减少；使变短；使变宽；加快2前缀en使能够；扩大；使富有；鼓励；危及；包围5.名词→表示人的名词规律总结请写出下列表示人的名词1+er sing→singer; teach→teacher; strange→stranger; village→villager; employ→employer 2+or act→actor; invent→inventor; educate→educator; visit→visitor; conduct→conductor 3+ee employ→employee; interview→interviewee; pay→payee; absent→absentee4+（r）ess act→actress; wait→waitress; host→hostess; steward→stewardess；注意god→goddess5+eseJapan→Japanese; Vietnam→Vietnamese；注意China→Chinese;Burma(缅甸)→Burmese6+n Asia→Asian; America→American; Australia→Australian; India→Indian; Korea→Korean7（去y或s）+ian music→musician; history→historian; library→librarian; physics→physician; politics→politician8+istart→artist; novel→novelist; tour→tourist；注意cycle→cyclist; science→scientist9+ant assist→assistant; account→accountant; consult→consultant；注意apply→applicant; serve→servant10+arlie→liar; beg→beggar（注意拼写）6.动词→形容词规律总结请写出下列动词的形容词形式或形容词的动词形式1+able suit→suitable; comfort→comfortable; reason→reasonable；注意admire→admirable; rely→reliable2+ful doubt→doubtful; harm→harmful; hope→hopeful; care→careful; use→useful3+ive act→active; attract→attractive; impress→impressive; create→creative4+ary imagine→imaginary5adj.+en→v.deep→deepen; wide→widen; less→lessen; worse→worsen6en+adj.→rge→enlarge; rich→enrich; able→enable; noble→ennoble7.表示否定的前缀与后缀规律总结请写出与下列单词意义相反或相否定的词语1dis+advantage→disadvantage; agree→disagree; appear→disappear2il/im/in legal→illegal; polite→impolite; patient→impatient; convenient→inconvenient 3mis+understand→misunderstand; lead→mislead; direct→misdirect; trust→mistrust4un+able→unable; fair→unfair; fit→unfit; fortunate→unfortunate; usual→unusual5+less hope→hopeless; end→endless; stain→stainless; taste→tasteless; use→useless 考点练习题答案1.Seriously2. sincerely3. carefully4. extremely5. terribly6. Obviously7. healthy 8. various9. powerful 10. impressive11. helpful 12. convenient13. evidence 14. safety15. eaters 16. choice17. existence 18. movements19. competition 20. confidence21. reunite 22. disagree23. misunderstood 24. rewrite25. illegal 26. impolite27. irregular 28. unfriendly29. unwilling 30. non--stop 31. enlarge 32. violinist 33. employees 34. musician 35. European 36. applicants 37. hardship 38. honesty 39. anxiety 40. truth。