初中英语时态专题复习与强化Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。

一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(y ear, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。

五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.基本结构：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +d one.一般疑问句：have或has。

六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句：had放于句首。

七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。

八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。

Ⅱ. 几种常見时态的相互轉换英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相轉换，以下是几种常見的轉换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的轉换在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语連用，瞬间动词却不能。

但是，可用別的表达方式：①瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间連用；③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。

请看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的轉换在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。

此短语可与进行时态轉换。

请看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生的动作。

如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的轉换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。

在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。

请看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday{巩固强化}单项选择：1. The no. 12 bus __________ to the Town Hall and not to the station.A. has comeB. has been goingC. goesD. is going2. Don't use that pen. It __________ smoothly .A. didn't writeB. don't writeC. doesn't writeD. isn't write3. If it __________, I won't go for a walk.A. rainsB. will rainC. rainedD. rain4. The child is playing while his mother __________ dinner.A. cookedB. cooksC. was cookingD. is cooking5. He __________ in a cotton factory these day.A. is workingB. worksC. will be workingD. has been working6. Don't turn off the light I __________a report now.A. have been readingB. readC. am readingD. have read7. John __________ the first party in his life tomorrow night.A. is givenB. is givingC. has givenD. has been giving8. My uncle __________ to see me. He'll be here soon.A. comesB. is comingC. had comeD. came9. At this moment I __________ we have a good chance of victory.A. feelB. am feelingC. feltD. am felt10. My uncle never __________ a hat even in winter.A. is wearingB. are being wornC. woreD. wears11. By next December, I __________ fifty-five.A. will have to beB. will have beenC. will be beingD. shall be12. Look at these black clouds __________.A. It'll rainB. It's going to rainC. It'll be rainingD. It is to rain13. Look out! That tree __________ fall down.A. is going toB. will beC. shallD. would14. "Have you read the book I gave you""No, but __________ going to read it soon."A. I'd beB. I'll beC. I've beenD. I'm15. We __________ for Shanghai tonight.A. are startingB. startsC. startedD. have started16. I think she __________ right now.A. readingB. readsC. is readingD. read17. Before long, he __________ all about the matter.A. will have forgottenB. will forgetC. forgetsD. forgot18. We don't go unless you __________ soon.A. had comeB. cameC. has saidD. has been saying19. Do be quiet! I'm trying to hear what the man __________.A. saysB. is sayingC. has saidD. has been saying20. Smith__________ his friends for money.A. often askB. is often askingC. often asksD. has been asked21. Twelve inches __________ one foot.A. makeB. makesC. is makingD. will make22. While Connie __________ a baseball match, her sister is typewriting a letter in her office.A. Has watchedB. watchesC. is watchingD. has been watching23. James Watt __________ the steam engineA. was inventingB. inventedC. had inventedD. has invented24. "The possibility of the flood was just reported over the radio.""I know. I heard abut it. The river __________ the top of its bank."A. gotB. getC. getsD. has got25. "Where's your uncle's home" __________ in Boston in the past years.A. He's livedB. He's livingC. He livesD. He lived26. I __________ him a lot during the past two weeks.A. sawB. have seenC. had seenD. am seeing27. They can't leave until they __________ their work.A. didB. are doingC. have doneD. had done28. Will you please lend me the book when you __________ itA. will finishB. have finishedC. will have finishedD. finishing29. Is that the first time you __________ BeijingA. have visitedB. would visitedC. visitedD. have been visiting30. She has worked in this factory __________.A. after 1968B. in 1968C. since 1968D. for 196831. __________ three years since i left school. Now I miss my classmate very much.A. It wasB. It have beenC. It isD. It had been32. My parents have lived here __________.A. since 1952B. for many years agoC. many yeas agoD. since 1952 ago33. My parents have lived here __________.A. It have beenB. It isC. It wasD. That is34. So far, she __________ her holiday very much.A. hasn't enjoyedB. didn't enjoyC. doesn't enjoyD. was not enjoy35. "Your arm is bleeding ！" "Yes, I __________ it with a knife."A. hurtB. was hurtingC. have just hurtD. had hurt36. His grandfather __________ for thirty years.A. diedB. was deadC. has been deadD. has died37. My brother __________ the Youth League for two years.A. has been inB. has enteredC. has taken partD. has joined38. They will be as tall as you soon, it they __________.A. would help growing like thatB. keep to grow like itC. keep growing like thatD. will keep growing like that39. We used to go skiing in the Michigan every winter, but __________ for the past five seasons.A. I don't goB. I haven't goneC. I'm not goingD. I didn't go40. "Have you read the book I gave you""No, But __________ going to read it soon."A. I'd beB. I'll beC. I've beenD. I'm41. I will come when I __________ free.A. will beB. shall beC. wasD. am42. When I arrived in Birmingham the sun __________.A. has been shiningB. shoneC. has shoneD. was shining43. James has just arrived, but I didn't know he __________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. has been comingD. comes44. "I heard you talking to somebody just now." "Oh, I __________ to myself."A. have only talkedB. only talkC. was only talkingD. have only been talking45. The teacher __________ it was important to know English grammar.A. had always been sayingB. was always sayingC. had always had saidD. was always said46. As he __________ I couldn't ask him anything.A. will already leftB. have already leftC. had already leftD. already leaves47. By the end of last term, We __________ 2, 500 words.A. had learnedB. has learnedC. has been learnedD. learned48. When we got to the airport, we found that the plane __________.A. had already taken offB. already took offC. was already taken offD. was already taking off49. As soon as John's mother __________ out, he stole some food.A. goesB. had goneC. was goingD. were going50. The singer had lived in California before he __________ university.A. had been sentB. had been sendingC. was sendingD. was sent51. The singer had lived in California before he __________ university.A. would returnB. had returnC. will returnD. should return52. It was December 20. In five days it would be Christmas Day. The Lord Mayor , togetherwith overseas students, __________ to celebrate it .A. was goingB. will goC. is goingD. went53. When I reached the station, the train __________ already __________.A. had ... leftB. were ... leavingC. was ... leftD. had ....been left54. While I __________ my breakfast the morning post came.A. had hadB. had been havingC. was havingD. have had55. By eleven o'clock yesterday, we __________ at the airport.A. had arrivedB. have arrivedC. shall arriveD. arrive56. I was hungry. I __________ nothing all day.A. ateB. had eatenC. had been eatingD. have eaten57. "My father will be here tomorrow." —"Oh, I thought that he __________ today."A. was comingB. is comingC. will comeD. comes58. I thought that honesty __________ the best policy.A. wasB. isC. wereD. been59. When I was at middle school, I knew that William Shakespeare ____________ in 1564.A. was bornB. had been bornC. is bornD. has born60. He is so rich that be __________ to work.A. hasn't beenB. haven'tC. doesn't haveD. isn't being用所给动词的正确形式填空：1. Li Ping often __________ (read) English in the morning.2. __________ he __________ (clean) the windows once a week.3. The workers __________ (have) sports on the playground now.4. How long __________ you __________ (stay) there the day before yesterday.5. Who __________ (listen) to the music6. When I __________ (be) a middle school student, I often __________ (sing).7. His parents __________(go) to the Great Wall tomorrow morning.8. __________ they __________ (study) Japanese next term9. What time __________ you __________ (do) your homework everyday.10. Look! The students __________ (clean) the classroom.11. What __________ your after __________ (do) yesterday —He __________ (write) two letters.12. There __________ (be) a football match on TV this evening.13. My father __________ (leave) for Japan tomorrow morning.14. Tom __________ (not listen) to the radio every morning.15. __________ (be) there any hospitals here twenty years ago16. I __________ (come) to see you again before long.17. __________ there __________ (be) an English evening next Saturday18. __________ your uncle __________ (have) a meeting last Friday19. What __________ the young Pioneers __________ (do) on the hill now20. They __________ (not go) fishing on Sunday.21. How many classes __________ you __________ (have) every day.22. It's seven in the evening, Tom's family __________ (watch) TV.23. He __________ (join) the army in 1985. He __________ (be) still in the army how.24. I __________ (visit) my friend next Sunday.25. If it snows tomorrow, we __________ (play) with snow.26. I __________ (make) a lot of mistakes in my test yesterday.27. __________ it __________ (snow) outside now —No, it __________.28. Where __________ they __________ (live) They __________ (live) in Shanghai.29. If it __________ (rain) this morning, we won't go shopping.30. Listen! Who _________（sing）in the next room31. The teacher ______（not teach）us a Chinese song，he _____（teach）us an English song two days ago.32. If I am free this evening，I ________（help）you with your maths.33. ________you ________（be）there tomorrow No，I ________.34. Where _________（be）your parents last year They ________（be）in Xi'an.35. Why _______ they _______（go）to the library after school yesterday Because they _________（want）to borrow some books.36. What _______ you _______（do）these days37. Don't make a noise. Grandma _________（sleep）.38. Sometimes he _________（help）his mother with the housework.39. Please write to us as soon as you _________（get）there.40. We ________（show）the foreign friends around Beijing when they get here.41. We'll wait till you _______（make）up your mind.42. They ______ just _______（talk）about you.43. Where _____he ______（be） He _________（be）to the bank.44. ______ you______（visit）the Science Museum ---Yes，I________.45. ______she ______（tell）you the good news ---No，she _______.46. How long _______ your mother _______（teach）English in this school ---For ten years.47. We _______ already _______（draw）five pictures.48. My grandson ______________（be）ill for a week.49. ________ the train _________（arrive）---No，not yet.50. Our physics teacher ____________________（not come）to work today，because he is ill.51. My brother _________（make）so many American friends since he went there two years ago.52. She _______（work）in a factory for three years before she went to college.53. Mr. Brown _______________（live）in London for ten years by the end of last month.54. How many English words _________ you _________（learn）by the end of last term55. ______ they _______（pick）all the apples before the farmer got there56. I didn't return the book to the library，because I _________（not finish）reading it.57. The boy said that he ___________（not break）the window.58. Jack said that he ___________ (not go) over his lessons yet.59. John told me that he ___________ (fly) to Japan next Wednesday.60. Did she say when she ___________ (be) back tomorrow61. The head master said he ___________ (meet) some foreigners at the station soon.62. I wondered if our team ___________ (win) this evening.63. He said he ___________ (not make) the same mistakes again.63. He said he ___________ (not make) the same mistakes again.64. We ___________ (have) a meeting at that time.65. Tom ___________ (not have) breakfast yesterday morning.66. Did he know he ___________ (have) an English lest the next day67. ___________ your father ___________ (go) to work by bike every day68. Mr Wang ___________ (teach) us maths since 199069. They will have a trip to the Great Wall if it ___________ (not rain) next Sunday.70. When I got home my grandmother ___________（make）cakes71. I ___________ (give) the note to him as soon as school is over.72. The English song ___________ (teach) now over the radio.73. English ___________ (speak) all over the world.74. The Great Green Wall must ___________ (build) in the world.75. Can the report ___________ （write）in English76. The mountain will ___________ (cover) with the trees in a few years.77. The young trees must ___________ (tie) to the stick to keep it straight.78. So far, many man-made satellites have ___________ (send) up into space.79. English ___________ (speak) in Canada.80. Tennis ___________ (invent) a hundred years ago.81. It ___________ (snow) hard now. We'd better ___________ (not go) home right now.82. These exercises must ___________ (do) by yourself.83. Our teacher told us time ___________ (be) life.84. We ___________ (not see) each other since he ___________ (leave) here.85. ___________you ever ___________（ride） a horse before86. Miss Green ___________（be） in China for 6 years.87. We ___________ never ___________ (be) to Hawaii.88. You'd better try to give up ___________ (smoke). It's too bad to your health.89. Who is doing well in ___________ (describe) things90. Have you finished ___________ (read) the book91. Have you saw someone ___________ (ski) before92. Can a shark stop ___________ (swim) —No, It can't93. You'd better try ___________ (do) it by yourself.94. The students kept ___________（talk）about the football match.95. I had a computer lessons first. Then I went on ___________ (have) tennis lessons.96. He hopes ___________ (see) the famous football player as soon as possible.97. The boy kept ___________ (ask) strange questions to his teacher, it made the teacher unhappy.98. Edison enjoyed ___________ (try) his new ideas.99. He asked me ___________ (speak) loudly.100. Students must study hard ___________ (make) our country strong.附加题：101. The policeman made him ___________ (stand) in the rain for half an hour.102. W o uld you like something nice ___________ (eat)103. I can't decide which sweater ___________ (choose)104. He hasn't decided whether choose (tell) the truth.105. He told me where ___________ (buy) a computer.106. Will you please ___________ (not talk) in the reading room.107. I have a lot of work ___________ (do).108. Why not ___________ (come) a little earlier109. I'm sorry ___________ (hear) that.110. When did you finish ___________ (pack)111. ___________ (talk) with her is a great pleasure.112. English is not so easy ___________ (learn) well.113. When makes him ___________ (think) I am a scientist.114. I forgot ___________ (bring) my textbook with me.115. Last night I heard Mike ___________ (cry) in the room.116. My idea is ___________ (have) a meeting at once.117. At night, the robot watched him ___________ (sleep). It knew everything about Mr. Mott.118. In the country, he can hear birds ___________ (sing) and sheep ___________ (bleat) 119. My job is ___________ (feed) the animals.120. In about 600 years, we will hardly have enough space ___________ (stand) in on the earth.121. Forest help to keep water from ___________ (run) away.122. He printer is used for ___________ (print) documents.123. He is busy ___________ (write) his composition.124. The film is worth ___________ (see).125. They prefer to ___________(stay) at home rather than ___ _______ (play) basketball.126. Your opinion is worth ___________ (consider).127. Ed starts ___________ (carry) the bag, but trips over his shoes.128. We are going to have lots of fun ___________ (hike) and ___________ (eat) a new kind fruit.129. Are you good at ___________ (read) maps130. Mary heard her father ___________ (say) he would set off the next week.131. Do you enjoy ___________ (live) here132. My father likes ___________ (read) newspaper in the evening.133. There is nothing ___________ (worry) about.134. A computer tells the robot what ___________ (do).135. He always tells us how ___________ (learn) English well.136. It took me about an hour ___________ (go) to work by bus.137. The box is too heavy ___________ (carry).138. Cody is a good dog. He likes ___________ (follow) people.139. They want ___________ (take) some fruit with them.140. My father often tells me ___________ (not swim) in the river because it's over 4 metres deep.参考答案1—5 C C A D A 6—10 C B B A D 11—15 D B A D A 16—20 C B D B C21—25 B C B D A 26—30 B C B C C 31—35 C A B A C 36—40 C A C B D41—45 D D B C B 46—50 C A A B D 51—55 A A A C A 56—60 B A B A C1. reads2. Does, clean3. are having4. did, stay5. is listening6. was, sang7. will go8. Will, study9. do, do 10. are cleaning11. did, do, wrote 12. will be 13. is leaving 14. doesn't listen15. Were 16. will come / is coming 17. Will, be 18. Did, have19. are, doing 20. don't go 21. do, have 22. are watching 23. joined, is24. will visit 25. will play 26. made 27. Is, snowing 28. do, live, live29. rains 30. is singing 31. hasn't taught 32. will help 33. Will, be34. were, were 35. did, go 36. are, doing 37. is sleeping38. helps 39. get 40. will show 41. make 42. have talked43. has, been 44. Have, visited, have 45. Has, told, hasn't46. have, drawn 48. has been 49. Has, arrived 50. hasn't come51. has made 52. had worked 53. had lived 54. had, learned 55. Had picked56. hadn't finished 57. hadn't 58. hadn't gone 59. would fly60. would be 61. would meet 62. would win 63. wouldn't make64. were having 65. didn't have 66. would have 67. Does, go 68. has taught69. doesn't rain 70. was making 71. will give 72. will give73. is spoken 74. be built 75. be written 76. be covered77. be tied 78. been sent 79. is spoken 80. was invented 81. is snowing, not go 82. be done 83. is 84. haven't seen, left 85. Have, ridden86. has been 87. have, been 88. smoking 89. describing90. reading 91. ski 92. swimming 93. to do 94. talking95. to have 96. to see 97. asking 98. trying 99. to speak 100. to make101. stand 102 to eat 103. to choose104. to tell 105. to buy 106. not talk 107. to do108. come 109. to hear 110. packing 111. Talking112. to learn 113. think 114. to bring 115. cry116. to have 117. sleep 118. singing 119. to feed120. to stand 121. running 122. printing 123. writing 124. seeing 125. stay, play 126. considering 127. to carry 128. hiking, eating 129. reading 130. saying 131. living 132. reading 133. to worry 134. to do 135. to learn136. to go 137. to carry 138. following 139. to take140. not to swim 141. to open 142. do 143. reading。