3.2.2具体词语抽象化 1. The character of these people is a mixture of the tiger and the ape. 帝国 主义者的性格既残暴又狡猾。 2. 鲁迅是文学界的泰山北斗。Luxun is a great and respectable figure in the Chinese literary world. 3. 此人胆小如鼠，成不了什么大器。He is as timid as a rabbit and cannot be made a man.
3.1.4 根据搭配选择词义 1. high beam 远距离光束 2. high brass 优质黄铜 3. high current 强电流 4. high explosive 烈性炸药 5. high gear 高速齿轮 6. high seas 公海 7. high summer 盛夏 8. high steel 硬钢
3.2.3 改换说法 1. The shortest distance between raw material and a finished part is casting.
死译：原材料与成品之间最短的距离是铸造。
引申：铸造是原材料加工成成品的最简便方法。
2. The alternating current does not know such a disadvantage as the direct current does. 死译：交流电不知道直流电的这种缺点。
3. Hitler pursued an aggressive policy after he seized power. 希特勒夺取了政权之后就推行侵略政策。 （贬义） 4. John was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well. 约翰是个积极肯干的推销员，他工作干 得很出色。（褒义）
• 例子中的wanted是一个多义词，在此处作为 及物动词用。根据《英汉大词典》，want作 及物动词的释义包括：1.要；想要；希望；2. 缺少，缺乏；3. 需要；4. 想见，要求（某人） 到来，想与（某人）谈话，想用（某人）； 5.缉拿，追捕；6. 感到缺少；7. <口>（后接 不定式）应该。你认为第几项释义是wanted 在此处最恰当的含义？
5. 老科学家对年轻人的成就感到骄傲。 The old scientist takes pride in the achievements of the young people. （褒义）
6. 骄傲使人落后。 Conceited, one will lag behind. （贬义）
(The End)
3.1.3 根据专业选择词义 1. Power can be transmitted over a long distance. 电力可以远距离输送。 2. China will not be the first to use nuclear weapons although considered one of the nuclear powers. 尽管中国是核大国， 但中国决不会首先使用核武器。 3. 16 is the fourth power of 2. 16是2的4次方。 4. What is the power of the engine? 这台电机的功率是多少？
3.1.2 根据上下文选择词义 1. He is the last man to come. 他是最后来的。 2. He is the last man to do it. 他决不会干这种事。 3. He is the last person for such a job. 他最不配干这工作。
4. He should be the last (man) to blame. 怎么也不该怪他。 5. He is the last man to consult. 根本不宜与他商量。 6. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。
3. Like the human brain, a computer also has a memory where it can store vast quantities of information. (prep.) 计算机像人脑一样， 也有一个能储存大量信息 的存储器。 4. All matters such as iron, water, air, and the like are made up of atoms. (conj.) 一切物质，例如铁、水、空气等，都是由原子 Public opinion demands that something should be done to end the strike. 众舆论要求采取措施结束罢 工。 2. The car in front of me suddenly stopped and I missed the green. 我前面的那辆车突然停了，我错过了 绿灯。
What you have always wanted until now has been a set, steady, constant purpose. I therefore exhort you to persevere in a thorough determination to do whatever you have to do as well as you can do it. I was not so old as you are now when I first had to win my food, and do this out of this determination, and I have never slackened in it since. ［参考译文］直到当前为止，你所缺乏的一直是确定的， 持续不变的目标。因此我极力劝告你，以坚定的决心 去做你必须要做以及你能够做的事情，并坚持到底。 我初次必须自食其力（自谋生计）时，年岁还不及你 大。凭借此决心，我迄今从未松懈。
9. 我借一下你的自行车好吗？ May I borrow your bike? 10. 我借一下你的电话好吗？ May I use your telephone? 11. 借光、借光。 Excuse me, excuse me. / Please let me pass.
12. 思想道德素质 ideological and ethical standards 13. 科学文化素质 scientific and educational level 14. 素质教育 competence / quality-oriented education 15. 提高全民法律素质 raise public awareness of law / people are better educated in law
3.3.1 根据词类选择词义 1. He likes making chemical experiments. (v.) 他喜欢做化学实验。 2. Like charges repel each other, unlike charges attract. (adj.) 同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸。 3. Like enough, the ship will arrive in port. (ad.) 这艘船很可能明天进港。
引申：如果保持潮湿，生锈就快，这可能使我 们以为水是引起腐独的原因。
3.2.4 词义的褒贬 1. Hans was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most courageous man he had ever seen. 汉斯说，这位先生是他所见过的最有胆识的人。 这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨。（贬义） 2. Mr. Brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture. 布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时感到非常荣幸。 （褒义）
3.1 词义的选择
• 英语中一词多义的现象比较普遍。在理解 单个字的层面上，可以通过查阅字典等工 具书来确定词义。在理解句子的层面上， 可以通过分析句子、句群的语法结构来判 断词义。在理解篇章的层面上，可以通过 分析上下文逻辑关系、篇章的整体效果等 来判断词义。
•
What you have always wanted until now has been a set, steady, constant purpose. I therefore exhort you to persevere in a thorough determination to do whatever you have to do as well as you can do it. I was not so old as you are now when I first had to win my food, and do this out of this determination, and I have never slackened in it since.
引申：交流电不存在直流电的这种缺点。
3. If iron is kept moist, rusting is rapid, which might lead us to think that water was the influence causing the corrosion. 死译：如果保持潮湿，生锈就快，这可能使我 们以为水是引起腐独的影响。