Indirect pattern (formal)
emphasize the conclusions and recommendations towards the end
Format and length of reports
preprinted form 预列印表格 格式纸 letter memo manuscript 手稿, 原稿,, 底稿 手稿, 原稿
conclusion and recommendations feasibility reports recommendation reports yardstick reports
Writing Business Reports
Attractive Clear Readable Accurate
previously collected
ways of doing research
examing documents making observations conducting surveys carrying out experiments
Drawing conclusions and making recommendations conclusion
Writing Business Reports
Standard format Headings Topic sentence Transitions Direction & indirection patterns Format and length of reports
Standard format
Formal Report
prefatory part
cover title fly and title page letter of authorization and letter of acceptance letter of transmittal executive summary table of contents list of illustrations
Defining the problems and the purposes problem statement statement of purpose
Conducting research
primary information source
collect by yourself
secondary information source
Statement of problems Disscussion of possible solution Conclusion Statement of problems Propossed solution Advantages Disadvantages Supporting documents
Headings
headings & subheadings sections different letter sizes and highlighting features clarify the organization
便于读者直接找到他要的信息
Topic sentence
one paragraph one idea topic sentence at the beginning (the rest support the TS)
To summarize
in brief, in short,to sum up
Direction & indirection patterns
Direct pattern (familiar)
present a solution to the problems at the beginning
Function of Reports
Informational reports—provide
information trip reports situational reports compliance report investigative reports
Analytical reports—analyze data,supply
Chapter 6
Business Reports
Categories of Reports By content:
reports
feasibility,laboratory,proposal reports
By function:informational,analytical repoprts By printed form:absence,accident,trip,petty cash By format:memo,letter,manuscript,printed formats By time:preliminary,progress,periodic,final reports By formality:informal,formal reports By length:short,long reports
Preparations for Business Reports
Defining the problems and the purposes Conducting research Analyzing data Drawing conclusions and making recommendations
To make comparison
similarly,in comparison,
conversely,whereas,however
To express intensification
indeed， indeed，in any event,in fact
Transitions—link idea together
To give additional information
moreover,in addition,besides
To show the relationship between two sentences
therefore, because,consequently
offers an opinion or interpretation of what the facts mean
recommendation
suggests ways to solve the problems
Informal Report
letter / memo (short)
introduction body conclusions recommendations
Text of the report
introduction body conclusions and recommendations
supplementary parts
appendix 附录 bibliography index 索引
参考书目