study was conducted to…”(passive voice)
引言的内容与写作
Read the following example introduction and familiarize yourself with the layout:
①Although physical exercise has become an important part of standard therapy for patients who have had acute myocardial infarction and cardiac surgery, its role after heart transplantation has not been well defined. 1,2② Patients undergoing heart transplantation, like those undergoing coronaryartery bypass surgery, are affected by preoperative inactivity and postoperative deconditioning and can potentially benefit from exercise rehabilitation.
the denervated heart has been shown to respond appropriately to exercise. 57 ⑥ Moreover, several nonrandomized studies have suggested that exercise
training increases the capacity for physical work after heart transplantation.8-10
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To be continued
① present the nature and scope of the present study (in the present tense)
② giving background information on the present study (in the present tense)
parents and siblings of children referred for symptoms and not on the general population.
To avoid this potential selection bias, we studied part of the population of the Dionysos
引言的内容与写作
例一EInxt：armod引pulcet言1ion
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knowledge relating to it. ◇ Use the past tense while discussing the notions and performances in the past. ◇ Write “I/We conducted the study to….” (active voice) rather than “The
⑦ specifying the nature and scope of the present study (in the present tense)
⑧ stating the purpose of the present study and the method of the investigation (in the past tense)
引言的内容与写作
1. 引言的内容与写法（How to Write the Introduction）
2. Follow the guidelines below for writing a good introduction ◇ Review the pertinent literature to orient the reader. ◇ Present, with all possible clarity, the nature and scope of the present study. ◇ State the purpose of the present study. ◇ State the method of the investigation. ◇ Use the present tense while referring to the problem and the established
To be continued
Hale Waihona Puke ③④⑤⑥ giving background information on the present study of the rationale with carefully chosen reference (in the present tense)
引言的内容与写作
⑦ Because a certain amount of improvement in exercise capacity is expected after surgery, it is unclear how much of these reported gains in physical-work capacity reflects the effects of exercise training as compared with the natural course of postoperative recovery. ⑧ Therefore, we undertook a randomized, prospective study to assess the effect of exercise training provided in a cardiac-rehabilitation program on measurements of physical-work capacity and activities of daily living among patients who had undergone heart transplantation.