_状__语__用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子： They are working hard.(修饰动__词__w__o_r_k_i_n_g) She is very interested in it. （修饰_形__容__词__in__te_r_e_s_te_d_ He works extremely hard.(修饰_副__词__h_a_rd__) The situation is excellent indeed. (修饰_全__句______)
After careful consideration, we decided to accept their offer. To prevent this from happening again, John suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. (1-V)
归纳
简单句的五个基本句型
T主he语tr+a谓in语has arrived． H主e 语se+e系m动s q词u+it表e 语reliable. We ar主e 语lea+r谓ni语ng+宾ho语w to survive, how to be and how to learn at school. Pleas主e t语ell+m谓e语h+o间w宾to+直de宾al.with the difficu主lty语. +谓语+宾语+宾补.
What is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a natural fertilizer. (2-IV)
谓语说明主语的情况（动作或状态）。 谓语主要由动词或动词短语担当；也可由连系 动词（或半系动词）加表语组成（即是：系表 结构）。
He runs as fast as a rabbit. I can’t bear seeing animals treated cruelly. Our principal is thought highly of.
He spends all his spare time (in) writing stories about his mother.
句型3: 主语+谓语+宾语
4、他迷惑地看了我一眼。 He gave me a puzzled look.
句型4: 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾.
可加双宾的动词有：give, send, buy, name, get ,等
Practice
翻译句子并写出句子的结构 1、她理直气壮地回答。
She replied confidently. 句型1: 主语+谓语
2、这位教授知识渊博、性格乐观、有耐心且平 易近人。 The professor is knowledgeable,
optimistic and patient. 句型2: 主语+系动词+表语 3、他业余的时间都用来写有关他妈妈的故事了。
定语用来修饰或限制名词或代词。主要由 形容词或相当于形容词的短语或从句来担当。
• He hasn’tቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱgot enough money to buy the reference books.
• There is nothing new in the statement. • Finally I finished my essay, which made me very happy. • The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
状语主要由副词或相当于副词的短语或从句担当。
Take the raincoat with you, in case it may rain. Milk spoils if not refrigerated. Though she is young, she knows a lot. =Young though / as she is, she knows a lot.
构成句子的成分有很多，比如：主语、 谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语以及 表语等。 但是，我们要记住
任何一个句子，都必须拥有自己的 主语和谓语！
主语表明这句话说的主体是谁或什么事 物。主语一般由名词、代词或名词性短语(含 不定式和动词的-ing形式）或从句担当。 On top of some knowledge of German, he speaks fluently in English and French. To see is to believe. The master as well as his colleagues is working hard.
半系动词 (保持动词的含义， 但在句子中起系动词 的作用， 和形容词搭配， 构成系表结构） 1.感官系动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel
2.表像系动词： seem, appear，look
3.变化系动词：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run
4.持续系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold
5.终止系动词：prove, turn out, “证实”，“变 成”
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
宾语用在及物动词及介词（介宾）后面，表示行 为对象；一般由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句 担当。 He weighted the ideas in his mind without any words. We are considering where to go for our holiday.
5、我认为他是个很好的领导。 I consider him a great leader. 句型5: 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补.
句型5: 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补.
He made up his mind to make great progress in English this year. 他下定决心今年在英语上取得大幅度的进步。