5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, A. not to C. not do it but his mother told him ______. B. not to do D. do not to
6. Little Jim should love _____ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken C. being taken B. to take D. taking
★ 注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时， 不定式则必须用被动式。 ★ 比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为： I get sb. to type the letter) 1) I’ll go to New York. Have you anything to be taken ____________(take) to your wife there? 2) Have you any clothes ____________(wash), to be washed sir?” asked the maid 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes ___________(wash) to wash
3. They knew him ___________________ to have been arrested (arrest) by the police. 5. He said he was _________ to be sent (send) there to attend an important meeting next Friday.
二、动词不定式的被动语态 1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式： 1）一般式 （not/never ）to be done 2）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）
2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by …. 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。
5）做定语 What e women! 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。
The English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London. 6）做状语 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知 所有的票都卖完了。
9. With a lot of difficult problems ________,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled C.to settle B. settling D. being settled
10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_____in making the earth a better place to live. A.to have played C. to be played B. to play D. to be playing
He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.
语态
时态
一般式 完成式 进行式
主动语态
to do to have done to be doing
被动语态
to be done to have been done /
to have 完成进行式 been doing
/
I. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充 完整。 to be typed 1. He wanted the letter __________ (type) at once. 2. It is the first such project to have been designed ______________ (design) by Chinese engineers.
easier____ it more difficult.
A. not make
C. not making
B. not to make
D. do not make
2. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ______ in my new job. A. expected C. to be expecting B. to expect D. expects
4) 做宾语补足语 Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座 电影院。 The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.
一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★ 被动语态的基本结构: be+ done （以 the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book ____________________. is/ was published 一般/过去将来时: The book _________________________. will/would be published The book __________________________. is/was going to be published 现在/过去进行时： is/was being published The book __________________________. 现在/过去完成时: has/had been published The book ___________________________. 情态动词： can/could/may/might…be published The book _______________________________.
It is a great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games. 2) 做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 明年, 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。 The new drug is to be tested out on the 500 overweight people next year.
3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成 逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名 词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时, He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 动→nothing宾 / he 主→eat 谓 I will give you a book to read . 分析： _____ you 主→_____ read 谓 read 动→________ a book 宾/ _____ 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。 The elegant lady had something to declare.
3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 2) 在“主语+表语（形容词）to do” 中， 主语也是 不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是 动宾关系。 This question is easy to answer. （分析：answer (动)------this question （宾）） ★ 注意： 如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。 John is difficult to deal with. deal with 动)----________( John （分析：_________( 宾 )） 如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。 The armchair is comfortable to sit in 这题目很难算出来。 The question is difficult to work out
3. Charles Babbage is generally considered
_____the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing
C. to have invented
C. having invented
4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _____ to carry all the way home. A. much too heavy C. heavy too much B. too much heavy D. too heavy much
4. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰主语，区别不大。 There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。 There is nothing to worry about.