主
谓
宾
weeds by the roots.
(4) the weeds will stay away for a longer time.
主
谓
时间状语
(5) The first solution appeared easy,
主
谓
表/主补
8
(6) the problem remained.
主
谓
(7) The key is to get the root of the problem.
6
给下列短文划分句子成分。
Losers Look for Quick Fixes
There are two ways of getting rid of weeds in your yard: the easy way and the not-so-easy way. (1) The easy way may be to run a lawnmower and (2) the yard looks fine for a while, but that is a temporary answer. Soon the weeds are back. But (3) the not-so-easy way may mean getting down on your hands and knees and pulling out the weeds by the roots. It is timeconsuming and painful, but (4) the weeds will stay away for a longer time. (5) The first solution appeared easy, but (6) the problem remained. The second solution was not so easy, but took care of the problem from the roots. (7) The key is to get the root of the problem.
5种基本句型
主+谓 主+谓+直宾 主+谓+间宾+直宾 主+谓+直宾+宾补 主+谓（系）+表
1. Her love died. 2. She loved me. 3. She gave me a kiss. 4. She made me happy. 5. She is lovable.
5
动词决定句型，但动词决定不了状语和定语的存在与否，或者说，状语 和定语填补动词的语义空缺。
The same thing is true of our attitude in life. The problem with people today is that (8) they want instant answer. (9) They are looking for one-minute solutions to everything. Just like instant coffee, they want instant happiness. There are no quick fixes. (10) This attitude leads to disappointment or even failure.
主谓
表/主补
定
(8) they want instant answer.
主谓
宾
(9) They are looking for one-minute solutions （to everything）.
主
谓
宾
宾补
(10)This attitude leads to disappointment or even failure.
Hale Waihona Puke – To see is to believe.
（不定式）
– What he needs is a book. （主语从句）
– It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
10
宾语 –动作的承受者
• 动宾
– I like China. （名词） – He hates you. （代词） – How many do you need? We need two. （数词） – We should help the old and the poor. – I enjoy working with you. （动名词） – I hope to see you again. （不定式） – Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）
英语句子成分
1
4 2 种基本成分+ 种修饰成分
• 基本成分
– 主语 – 谓语动词 – 宾语 – 补足语
• 修饰成分
– 状语 （用来修饰动词 [状语修饰对象不限于动词]） – 定语（用来修饰名词）
2
关系图
句子成分
核心成分
主语 谓语
基本成分
直接宾语
谓语成分
宾语 补语
间接宾语 主语补足语 （表语）
宾语补足语
7
(1) The easy way may be to run a lawnmower
主
谓
表/主补
(2) the yard looks fine for a while
主
谓 表/主补 时间状语
(3) the not-so-easy way may mean getting down on your hands and knees and pulling out the
主
谓
宾
9
主语 – 谓语动作的执行者
主语可以省略。
主语的形式结构：
– The sun rises in the east. （名词）
– He likes dancing. （代词）
– Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
– Seeing is believing. （动名词）
定语 （修饰名词）
修饰成分
状语（修饰动词）
3
句子成分
主语、宾语 谓语 补足语 状语 定语
属性
名词性的 动词性的 名词性的或形容词性的 副词性的 形容词性的
4
5 种基本句型 - 动词决定句型
不及物动词 及物动词
系动词
动词类型
1. 不带宾语 2. 带一个宾语 3. 带两个宾语 4. 带宾语和宾语补足语 5. 带主语补足语