谓语的选择选择谓语的原则——瞻前顾后1.所谓“瞻前”，谓语要和上文的主语一致例如：一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？（05年试题）错译：Are there any standard to measure the significance of one’s life?Is there a criteria to measure how meaningful one’s life is?Are there any criterion to measure the meaning of one’s life?改译：Is there any standard to measure the significance of one’s life?Is there a criterion on the evaluation of the meaning of human life at various degrees?Are there any criteria for the measurement of the significance of life?2.所谓“顾后”，谓语要和下文的宾语搭配例如：温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。
（99年试题）错译：The glory of Vancouver is the wisdom and the diligence of the Vancouver people and includes the contributions of many ethnic groups.The glory of Vancouver is the wisdom and the diligence of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups.改译：The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups.Vancouver’s prosperity owes to the intelligence and diligence of the people there, as well as to the contributions made by a variety of other ethnic groups.选择谓语的方法——汉英谓语对比法汉语英语1.汉语的动词没有人称、数、时态和语态英语有，所以汉英翻译时，一定要关注主谓一致原则，多注意英语句子的语法结构2.汉语是明显的“动作性语言”，多数句子都有明显的谓语动词英语中只有动词才能做谓语3.汉语中名词、形容词、数词、主谓短语和介词短语可以充当谓语，有“是字句”英语有系表结构4.汉语中有连动式英语中一个句子只有一个主要动词，其他动词可以用and并列，或者用“非谓语动词”连接5.汉语有兼语式英语中有谓语+宾语+补足语6.汉语少用“被字句”，常有“把、受、让、给、由、受到、得到、加以、得以、为…所、由…来、是…的”等句式英语多用被动态7.汉语有存现句英语有there be句型8. 英语有It开头的形式主语，强调结构等句型选择谓语的方法：2.找动词得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。
一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放， 父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。
我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。
一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。
3.汉语中名词、形容词、数词、主谓短语和介词短语可以充当谓语，有“是字句”；可以用“系表结构”来翻译中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。
（06年试题）In comparison with Westerner’s, the Chinese people, easier to be satisfied, are mostly unbiased, peaceful, unworldly and guileless.人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。
这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。
Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. This is like dining in a restaurant.4.如果汉语的一句话动词太多，翻译成英语，可以找出一个主要动词作为英语译文的谓语动词，其他动词用and或者“非谓语动词”来处理这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。
（98年试题）The visit to Taiwan was busy but fruitful. We went to many places and made many new friends as well as meeting with old ones. When we were together, the topic for common concern was about how to build a stronger and more prosperous China in the coming 21st century.The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century.得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。
（03年试题）6.英语译文中，多用“被动句”得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。
（03年试题）Before I was taken ill, I had been spoiled by my parents, getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavour and my wings clipped.Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs (in my family) owing to my doting parents. Feeling like being deposed into a cold palace, I began to taste the bitterness of depression and frustration immediately after I was segregated and confined in a small house on a hillside in our garden.加修饰修饰语的作用：让句子更加丰满，有血有肉；逻辑更加明确，有条有理。
用得最多的两种修饰语——定语和状语定语和状语的种类，单个单词、短语和从句加修饰的方法：1.单个单词作定语一般在中心词前；作状语则位置比较灵活，可以在句子开头、动词前、或者句子末尾。
一个春天的傍晚…父母在园中设宴。
（03年试题）On a spring evening, my parents gave a banquet in the garden.我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘。
（03年试题）In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain.2.短语的种类一般有：介词短语、分词短语和不定式短语，这三者作定语，位置总是在名词后；作状语的位置则可以灵活安排，但是介词短语一般表时间和地点，分词短语一般表伴随和原因，不定式短语一般表目的。
我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。
（03年试题）I, without being noticed, lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden, and my elder sisters, brothers and cousins, each full of the joys of spring, were shuttling among the guests/helping treat(host) the guests.In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain, only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation.3.从句的作用很大，能让句子变得复杂，能体现译员对长句和难句的把握能力，可以适当多用，尤其是在句语句之间的衔接上一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。