Electronic files are replacing ________ filing cabinets, and intelligent facsimile and copying machines are appearing together with a variety of printers able to print anything from letter-quality characters to four color diagrams.considerate consequent conventional conversationalIn modern times, a handful of technological wonders that started out as novelties, have become _______ to our daily routines.vulnerable liable compatible indispensableMost studies on innovation have shown that it is often more difficult for large corporations to _______ the same level of creativity and freedom as start-ups.contain sustain refrain maintainMost new technologies, with the exception of those associated with weaponry, have had hugely ________ effects for most people extending our capabilities and indeed our lives to an extent that our ancestors could not have imagined.harmful beneficial urgent formalWhether its checking the weather, e-mail, or bank account, smartphones have made mobile conne ctivity so _______ that today’s younger generations seem much more “addicted” to their smartphones.feasible accessible visible imaginableWhat the mass media offers is not popular art, but entertainment which is intended to be _______ like food, forgotten, and replaced by a new dish.spent expended paid consumedSome people may be required to work shifts or excessive hours, whilst others feel they simply cannot _______ targets they see as unrealistic.acquire complete meet obtainEngineers may help produce guided missiles, industrial robots, or _______ limbs for the physically handicapped.articulate artistic authentic artificialIt's true that humanity has seen a ________ of crises, wars and atrocities, but this negative side is offset by advances in technology and cultural exchanges.line pair fraction successionThere is only one way to happiness and that is to cease worrying about things which are _______ the power of our will.off by through beyondWater purification is the _______ of contaminants from raw water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for human consumption or for industrial use.dismissal departure refusal removalOf course, music can be distracting if it's too loud or too jarring, or if it _______ for our attention with what we're trying to do.applies competes preaches inquiresFrom primitive developments such as the wheel and paper to today's high-tech gadgets, there's certainly no _______ of impressive developments that have changed the way we live and work. shortage use matter senseEmail, blogs, social networks, instant messaging, and message boards allow for both public and _______ communication about any topic.confidential anonymous wordless verbalUniversities, employers and professional bodies all _______ the need for effective engineers to have skills in management and business.acknowledge accredit acquaint admitFor many people, an important aspect of overcoming Internet and computer addiction is to find _______ ways to handle these difficult feelings.permanent changeable renewable alternativeOne of the most sincere forms of respect is _______ listening to what another has to say. actually daily virtually finallyIn many cases, what we say is less important than how we say it or the other _______ signals we send out, such as eye contact, facial expression, tone of voice, and gesture.nonverbal oral electronic warningEconomists have long focused on the concept of education as an investment that, on average, _______ well over the long term, for both individual students and society as a whole.pays for makes for makes up pays offWhile time spent online can be hugely productive, compulsive Internet use can _______ daily life, work, and relationships.interfere with take up makes for break throughPART 2 (5 points)Directions: In this part of the test, there are 10 sentences which have been divided into five fragments. Re-arrange these fragments by dragging them with the mouse into the correct order to form a sentence so that it can make sense.题目21we always try to havea strong global dimension in our research and development,and our scientists see internationalpart of our modern research communitycooperation as an integral题目22another reason for studying managementis the reality that for most of you,once you graduate from collegeyou will either manage or be managedand begin your career题目23Re-arrange these fragments by dragging them with the mouse into the correct order to form a sentence so that it can make sense.in making judicious materials choices based on these criteriawith the various characteristicsas well as processing techniques of materialsthe more familiar an engineer or scientist isthe more proficient and confident he or she will be题目24the two influenza researcherswhose work has triggered a far-reaching debateon the limits of scientific freedomcould hardly have handledtheir publicity more differently题目25other theories posit thatdark energy is a temporaryphenomenon like inflation,and temper the universe’s growth spurtand that matter’s gravitational pull will one day take over题目26the universe’s expansion wasthose from more recent eras to conclude thatthe team then comparedits measured rate withslowing at that time题目27where an animal leaves little or no macroscopic traceof rare and threatened animal speciesespecially in habitats like lakes and riversdetecting the presence of populationsis a challenge for conservation planners and managers题目28a materials scientist is to develop or synthesizeusing existing materialsfrom a functional perspective, the role ofnew materials, whereas a materials engineeris called upon to create new products or systems题目29scientists believe something beganmatter got more diluted,but as the universe got larger andpressing the gas pedal again, causingexpansion to accelerate once more题目30dark energy is a natural propertyof empty space:the measurements so far lendsupport to the leading theory thatthe more the universe expands, the stronger dark energy becomesPART 3 (5 points)?.In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for.3.Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites.?.In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors.?.Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events.?.Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet.PART 4 (10 points)The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmful—so much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed, , stored and sold over and over again. Future on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you . If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If it's loaded with spam, it's because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mall to the wrong Web site.Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names you've never heard of—like Acxiom or Merlin—buy and sell your personal information other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if you've ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers from various sources—including pizza delivery companies.These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy difficult to grasp, and grapple with. It is hard to deny, however, that people behave different when they're being watched. And it is also impossible to that Americans are now being watched more than at any time in history.issues deny surrendered probably attacks categorized undoubtedly the way compiled brokers。