2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Peterson, a great archaeologist, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient bec ause we were led to believe that the ministry was ________ this problem, but we feel that we can't wait any longer.”A．looking out B．bringing out C．carrying out D．sorting out2．Egyptian President decided to ______on Friday afternoon after an 18-day campaign against him, ending histhirty-year rule.A．step down B．break in C．break down D．step in3．Is this your cell phone, Tony? I ________ it when I was cleaning the classroom.A．came across B．dealt withC．looked after D．held on to4．— Anything to drink? What about coffee?—Er… I think I’ll have a cold drink coffee.A．other than B．more than C．less than D．rather than5．If Kate had known what was _______ for her, she would not have married Tom.A．in response B．in returnC．in reaction D．in store6．When the old man woke up, he found someone his TV in the living room.A．stole B．steal C．stealing D．stolen7．________ they’ve managed to get everything finished so quickly is not clear to us.A．Which B．WhatC．That D．How8．Check your paper carefully to see ________ you have made any mistakes.A．what B．which C．whether D．that9．Robert had a comfortable childhood, ______up in a pleasant house with a view of the sea.A．grew B．growingC．grown D．to grow10．Perhaps you ________ stop playing computer games now. Your boss may be turning up in the office at any moment. A．will B．must C．should D．can11．—What do you do, Rita？—I’m a clerk in a foreign company now．But I _____ English in a high school for 10 years．A．teach B．have taughtC．taught D．am teaching12．— Why are the Woods selling their belongings?— They to another city.A．had moved B．have moved C．moved D．are moving13．If you’d written earlier, I’d have known when you to go on holiday.A．want B．have wanted C．wanted D．will want14．The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ from butterflies to elephants.A．to range B．rangeC．ranging D．ranged15．Advertising often functions as an indicator for ______ society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time.A．what B．whetherC．how D．which16．He felt ________ of cheating in the exam, deciding never to do such things again.A．shame B．ashamedC．sorry D．shameful17．Mike was usually so careful, this time he made a small mistake.A．yet B．still C．even D．thus18．He started school the same day as I did and________to it like a duck to water.A．appealed B．tookC．catered D．saw19．It’s always difficult ______ in a foreign country, especially when you don’t speak the language.A．being B．to beC．having been D．to have been20．Air pollution, together with littering, ____ many problems in our large industrial cities today.A．causes B．cause C．caused D．causing第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（6分）The one thing everyone loves to hate when it comes to the Internet—the user password—is under fire now.21．Actually, it’s been under fire for a long time.In an ideal world, people would use a long string composed of completely random characters, numbers and symbols. Furthermore, a unique password would be used for every site or application the user uses. Unfortunately, the more complex the passwords become, the more people are likely to forget them. The longer the passwords are, the more easily forgotten they are. Therefore, people use the same password for every service or application. It is a no-no andextremely defeats the purpose of a password.Google is trying to kill off the user password, at least on Android devices by introducing the Trust API, which does what simple passwords cannot. It gives developers a framework for securing their applications using a number of security system and metrics (衡量标准) on the device. A Trust Score will be generated based on the metrics the device gathers and will allow or deny access to applications based on whether or not your Trust Score is high enough.The Trust Score will be generated based on metrics like your device location, face scanning and fingerprint, and the things like your typing speed or the way you speak. Taken one at a time, these metrics are not secure. But taken together, th ese metrics will help define the real “you”.Passwords have been around since the dawn of computing and although the security of systems has been improved, they haven9t done much to improve the usability of systems. Google appears to have the best of both worlds—a highly secure system that end users won^ even notice. Maybe that never-ending conflict between security and convenience will be able to take a break once the trust system comes out.1、Why are passwords severely criticized?A．They can’t protect use rs against all threats.B．Resetting them needs much time and effort.C．They aren’t suitable for the forgetful people.D．Ifs difficult to get both convenience and safety.2、How can the Trust API become secure enough?A．By combining various metrics together.B．By locking users’ private information.C．By providing users with Trust Scores.D．By changing users’ identity recognition ways.3、What can we know about the trust system?A．It hasn’t been proved to be effective.B．It is widely used in many fields.C．It may make passwords out of use.D．It needs to be improved from now on.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Aren’t Passwords Very Complex?B．Is the Trust API Just Pie in the Sky?C．What Can the Trust API Bring Users?D．Will Passwords Soon Be a Thing of the Past?22．（8分）We humans love to stare into our smart devices.We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 1 minutes a day—at our computers，smartphones，tablets and televisions.Is all this staring bad for us? It might be，mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy.While it's true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances，there's no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.But many people still think it is，which is why blue light—blocking glasses are so popular.So do the glasses work?“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye，but there's no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，”Dr.Rahul Khurana，clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmologists，told Business Insider.Blue light exposure is nothing new.In fact，the sun is the largest source of blue light.Moreover，blue light is also present in LED light.But if blue light isn't harmful，then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we’re looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain(眼疲劳):More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain.And blue light，it seems，isn't the cause.Instead，our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices.So if eyestrain is the real issue，blue light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.1、What do we know about blue light?A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.B．It has the shortest wavelength.C．It may come from electronic devices.D．It consumes a great deal of energy.2、What causes the popularity of blue light-blocking glasses?A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.B．Belief in blue light's harmful effect.C．Widespread use of smart devices.D．Scientific understanding of blue light.3、What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.C．Blue 1ight may connect with tired eyes.D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.4、According to the text，wearing blue light-blocking glasses may be_______.A．tiring B．harmful C．useless D．beneficial23．（8分）Laughter is part of the universal human vocabulary. All members of the human species understand it. Unlike English or French or Swahili, we don’t have to learn to speak it. We re born with the capacity to laugh.Very little is known about the specific brain mechanisms responsible for laughter. Contrary to folk wisdom, most laughter is not about humor; it is about relationships. To find out when and why people laugh, I went with several assistants to local malls and recorded what happened just before people laughed. Over a 10-year period, we studied over 2,000 cases of naturally occurring laughter.We found that most laughter does not necessarily follow jokes. People may laugh after a variety of statements, such as, “Here comes Mary,” “How did you do on the test?” or “Do you have a rubber band?” These certainly aren’t jokes.We believe laughter evolved from the panting (喘气的) behavior of our ancient ancestors. Today, if we tickle (使发痒) chimps, they don’t laugh. But, instead, they produce a panting sound. That’s the sound of ape laughter, and it’s the root of human laughter.Apes laugh in the kinds of situations that lead to human laughter, like games that involve chasing. Other animals produce sounds during play, but they are so different from laughter. Rats, for example, produce high sounds during play and when tickled, but these are very different in sound from human laughter.Laughter is often positive, but it can be negative too. There’s a difference between “laughing with” and “laughing at”. People who laugh at others may be try ing to drive them out of the group.No one has actually counted how much people of different ages laugh, but young children probably laugh the most. At ages 5 and 6 we probably laugh more than at any other times. Adults laugh less than children, probably because they play less.Work now underway will tell us more about the brain mechanisms behind laughter, how it has evolved, and why we’re so susceptible to tickling.1、What was the purpose of the decade’s research?A．To prove that people laugh because of humour.B．To find out the real reason for people s laughter.C．To research people s different reaction on jokes.D．To record conversations among shoppers in malls.2、What can we learn from the text?A．People who play more tend to laugh more.B．Apes produce high sounds when tickled.C．Scientists know the brain mechanisms responsible for laughter well.D．The situations in which apes laugh are very different from those in which humans laugh.3、What does the underlined word “susceptible” in the last paragraph pro bably mean?A．Sensitive. B．Flexible.C．Addictive. D．Reliable.4、Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A．The Impact of LaughterB．The Meaning of LaughterC．A Big Mystery: Why Do We Laugh?D．Laughter: The Most Beautiful Words（8分）Amsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world and famous for its beautiful canals, 24．top art museums, and cycling culture. It is the capital and most populous city in the Netherlands and often referred to as the “Venice of the North” be cause of its wide system of bridges and canals. Here are some of the key points to remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam.Must-See AttractionsMost visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre, which is full of traditional architecture, shopping centers, and coffee shops. The top museums to visit are the Rijks museum, the Ann Frank House, and the Van Gogh Museum. The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and an area for celebrity spotting and nightlife today.TransportationTravelers should be aware that Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is one of the busiest airports in the world. This airport is located about 15 kilometers southwest of the city center. You can catch a train from Schiphol to Amsterdam Central Station, which has many connecting routes. It’s typically not a good idea to drive a car to the city center. Cycling is incredibly popular here, and it’s easy to find cheap bike rentals around the town. Amsterdam has a flat terra in(地形) and it’s a good choice to explore the city on foot.Money-saving Tips● Look for accommodations in Amsterdam’s South District^ where rates are generally cheaper than in the city center.● Buy train tickets at the machine instead of the counter to sa ve a bit of money● Instead of hiring a tour guide, jump onto a canal boat. They’re inexpensive and will give you a unique point of view of the city.Check at http://wmv. save70. com to view price comparisons for flights, hotels, and rental cars before you book. 1、What can visitors do in the Old Centre?A．Do some shopping. B．Visit a museum.C．Run a coffee shop. D．Come across many architects.2、What suggestion does the author offer tourists in the text?A．Hiring a tour guide. B．Visiting the city on foot.C．Buying tickets at the counter. D．Going to the city center by car.3、What is the purpose of the text?A．To encourage more overseas travelling.B．To compare some tourist attractions.C．To promote some famous museums.D．To advertise travelling information.25．（10分）DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.The evidence suggests that megaliths, prehistoric large stone structures, sometimes acted as graves for family groups in northwestern Europe thousands of years ago. The latest findings throw new light on the origins and social structure of the groups that built megaliths in this region—a history that has long been hidden in mystery.For their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes—the complete set of genetic material in a cell—of 24 Stone Age individuals from five megalithic burial sites in Ireland, Scotland and Gotland, a large Swedish island in the Baltic Sea.This analysis showed that many of the individuals buried at each megalith, who all lived between 3,800 B．C．and 2,600 B．C．, according to radiocarbon-dating of their remains, were closely related via family ties.The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe but genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers. This was particularly noticeable at the Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.“The people buried in the A nsarve tomb are remarkably different on a genetic level compared to the individuals dug out from hunter-gather contexts, showing that the burial tradition in this megalithic tomb, which lasted for over 700 years, was performed by distinct groups with roots in the European Neolithic expansion,” Magdalena Fraser, co-first author from Uppsala University, said in the statement.1、What’s the significance of the new findings?A．It reveals the family ties between people in Ireland and Sweden.B．It implies that many people buried in the tombs were closely related.C．It indicates the long-hidden mystery concerning DNA analysis.D．It suggests that the megaliths became tombs thousands of years ago.2、How did the researchers reach their findings?A．By interviewing individuals. B．By travelling to different regions.C．By analyzing genes. D．By studying the burial sites.3、Which is true according to the latest findings?A．Some people buried in the tombs were related to farmers.B．Few people buried in the tombs were genetically different.C．All the people buried at megaliths had family relationships.D．People buried in the Ansarve tomb were dug out 700 years later.4、What’s the main idea of this passage?A．Megaliths served as tombs thousands of years ago.B．People buried at the megaliths were recently analyzed.C．Latest findings shed light on a mystery about burials.D．Stone-Age people in Ireland and Sweden had close ties.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）I did my first marathon at 25. I’d 1 running to get fit and thought I’d give it a go. I started too fast, found it very painful but 2 to finish.Then, seven years ago, I went to a talk by someone who had just done the Sahara desert race. I felt so 3 . I’ve always wanted to do something 4 . I registered for the 2007 Sahara marathon. My 5 was shocking and I was two stone(12.7kg) overweight, but 6 I’d paid the ￡3,000 deposit, I knew there was no going back.On my first five-mile run, I kept pretending my shoelaces(鞋带) needed tying just so I could 7 . But I kept8 until I was doing 30, then 40 miles. People assumed I found it easy by then----I didn’t. I just learned to push throught the 9 .But nothing can truly prepare you for running in desert temperatures. As the 10 always looked the same, the distance never seemed to get any shorter. 11 , I was never bored----I was too focused on reaching the checkpoints, and the water waiting there. Blisters(水泡) were unavoidable --- the 12 gets everywhere. At night, the doctors treating us would 13 them off with knives.In the following days, my feet would be hurting. I kept telling myself I couldn’t 14 . If I quit, the pain wouldstop, but I knew I would 15 it for the rest of my life. Finally, I finished. Any suffering you experience is overridden(压倒) by the sense of 16 at the end.It’s been a long progression, from being a(n) 17 slacker(懒虫) to 18 I am now. I’ve lost 10lb(4.5kg) of body fat, but gained a lot of 19 ----I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this. I’m not superhuman, I’m just 20 .1、A．ended up B．taken up C．given up D．backed up2、A．hated B．refused C．struggled D．offered3、A．inspired B．bored C．panicked D．confused4、A．strange B．ordinary C．secret D．extreme5、A．fitness B．height C．strength D．wisdom6、A．until B．once C．unless D．while7、A．wait B．stop C．complain D．drink8、A．dropping off B．tripping over C．building up D．slowing down9、A．tension B．shame C．fear D．pain10、A．surroundings B．volunteers C．sandstorms D．athletes11、A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Otherwise12、A．sand B．water C．grass D．rubbish13、A．tear B．strike C．knock D．slice14、A．fail B．run C．bear D．cry15、A．treasure B．regret C．forget D．appreciate16、A．belonging B．failure C．equality D．achievement17、A．proud B．brave C．unfit D．unfriendly18、A．which B．when C．where D．why19、A．time B．muscle C．reputation D．support20、A．learned B．considerate C．determined D．fortunate第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。