主动（表结果/表伴随）
现在分词: doing having done
主动且动作先于主句动 作发生（★完成式不能 作后置定语）
过去分词： done
被动
having been done
被动且先于主句动作发生（★完成
式不能作后置定语）
being done
被动且正在进行
分词常考点及难点： 1. 后置定语
3.表面考查谓语，实际考查非谓语。
（2013· 浙江卷）Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ______ A a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had
C. have
D. to have
动名词（常考点：作主语和宾语）：
doing(把一个动词变成名词性质，使其能 在句中充当名词性的成分，如主语或宾语 等。) being done Laughing at others is shameful.
Being laughed at in public is unbearable.
He missed catching the first train. He escaped being punished.
5. 表面考分词，实际上考形容词。 The students _______ C in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school. A. interest B. interesting
C. interested
D. To interest
C （2013· 湖南卷）The players( ______from the whole country)are are expected expected to bring us honor in this summer game .
A. selecting B. to select
C. selected
--- My goodness! I can’t imagine C ____ that old. A. to be
C. being
B. to have been
D. having been
Practice: 将动名词运用到写作中:
1. 帮助别人使他快乐。
2. 被邀请是我的荣幸。
Helping others makes him happy. Being invited is my pleasure.
A. to take B. taking
C. take D. taken
7. 考查作宾补（记忆理解型）
(2010· 辽宁卷)Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles . D A. to recognize C. recognize B. recognizing D. recognized
C (2013福建卷)______ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A. Known
B. Having known
C. Knowing
D. Being known
---There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
key university, ....(非谓语作原因状 语)
A. Admitted
C. Being admitted
B. To be admitted
D. Having admitted
主动（表结果/表伴随）
现在分词 doing having done
主动且动作先于主句动 作发生（★完成式不能 作后置定语）
Hearing (hear) the news, he rushed out. __________
The disaster hit my hometown seriously, leaving (leave) a lot of people homeless. __________
Having been (be) there twice, he was familiar ____________
4. 表面考查非谓语，实际考查谓语。
（2012· 重庆）Before you quit your job, _____ A how your family would feel about your decision. A. consider C. to consider B. considering D. considered
B _______ with her son’s progress, she promised him a travel to America.
A. Satisfy
C. Satisfying
B. Satisfied
D. To satisfy
6. 作表语时的“前有do 后省to” C 1) What he did was _____Tom out of doing such bad things again. A 2) What he was thinking about was ___ Tom out of doing such bad things again. A. to persuade C. persuade B. persuaded D. persuading
D. having been selected
★分词完成式不作后置定语故D排除
★我们可以将分词做后置定语运用到写作 中，让句子更加简洁明了。
The girl who is sitting in the corner is adorable. We visited a temple which was built 200 years ago.
= Because is absorbed in …
C 1) _____________ to a key university made him feel proud.
A 2) _____________ to a key university, he felt proud. = (Because he was) admitted to a
fall 1) Leaves ________ (fall) here and there, so I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon. falling (fall) here and there, 2) Leaves ________ I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.
高考难点突破： 非谓语动词作主语和状语的区别
B 1)___________ in his online games, I’m afraid, may lead to his failure in this midterm exams.
2)___________ in his online games, I’m A afraid, he may fail in this mid-term exams. A. Absorbed B. Being absorbed C. Absorbing D. To absorb
with the place.
过去分词： done
被动
having been done
被动且先于主句动作发生（★完成
式不能作后置定语）
being done
被动且正在进行
Heated (heat), water will change into vapor. 1)_______
Having been reminded (remind) of the 2)_____________________ meeting many times, the manager still forgot it. held ____________(hold) yesterday being held (hold) now is of 3)The meeting ___________ great importance.
错(完成式不能作定语)
■
2. 考查省略句式。 = when (he was) asked… (2012· 安徽)When B for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A. asking C. having asked B. asked D. to be asked
注意：“前有do 后省to”同时适用于“除了 （but/except）情况”，如：
1) We could do nothing but __________ wait (wait) for the result. to sit 2) He said nothing but __________ ( sit ) there smoking. 3) We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no choice Abut _____ a taxi.
Tips: 可以用补全法作此类题目
★如何将状语从句（时间/条件/让步）的省 略运用到写作中？ 1) 当他旅游时，他遇到许多生意伙伴。 When he was travelling, he came across many business partners. 2) 如果这个问题没被及时处理，它将越来越 严重。 If it is not dealt with in time, the problem will become more and more serious.